2013年12月5日の勉強会で使います。

1. SPNPのはなし
九州大学 実積寿也

2. 背景1：固定BB需要のピークア
ウト
Global ICT developments, 2001-2013
100
90
Individuals using the Internet
80
Fixed-telephone subscriptions
70
Per 100 inhabitants
96.2
Mobile-cellular telephone subscriptions
Active mobile-broadband subscriptions
60
Fixed (wired)-broadband subscriptions
50
40
38.8
30
29.5
20
16.5
10
9.8
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
出典：ITU Statistics (http://www.itu.int/ict/statistics)より作成
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012*
2013*

3. 背景２：トラフィックの急増
PB per month
90,000
80,000
Fixed Internet
70,000
Managed IP
60,000
Mobile data
50,000
40,000
30,000
20,000
10,000
0
2012
2013
2014
2015
出典：Cisco Visual Networking Index: Forecast and Methodology, 2012–2017
2016
より作
2017

4. 実効品質の低下？
http://tjitsuzumi.blogspot.jp/2013/10/with.html

5. お金の流れとトラフィックの流
れ
Tier 1 ISP
Regional
ISP
Tier 1 ISP
Regional
ISP
Local ISP
Local ISP
Regional
ISP

6. What was SPNP?
It is important for a quality-of-service concept to develop and
implement a price model for the interconnection between
different networks that is not only volume-based but also
explicitly quality-based. …
Since the permanent implementation of defined quality
parameters causes higher costs than best effort traffic, a network
operator will only guarantee this quality if the forwarding network
pays appropriate prices which are higher than those for besteffort. ….
The individual “original ISP” will bill its customers accordingly. The
commercial service and content providers will send the majority
of all QoS data packets, so they will also bear the bulk of the
costs. …
(Kruse (2008) Network Neutrality and Quality of Service, Intereconomics, January/February, pp.25-30.

7. WCITに向けたETNOの提案
Perpetuating an 'unpaid peering' approach for IP Interconnection that developed
when traffic patterns were largely symmetric can hamper the incentive to invest in
transport capacity and network quality.
By proposing a charging principle that is well tested and has delivered efficient results
ETNO is not trying to bring back the circuit switched architecture of the PSTN. The
main aim is to promote , where appropriate, a charging principle which re‐aligns costs
and revenues by assuring that the agents are accountable for the costs they incur.
The sending party pays principle would not be imposed but commercially negotiated.
https://www.google.co.jp/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=3&ved=0CD8QFjAC&url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.cept.org%2FDocuments%2Fcomitu%2F6841%2FINFO-7r1_ETNO&ei=DHaMUpPBKYW4kgXdnYD4Aw&usg=AFQjCNGiragQzdXwMCAzyne7Vws1az8Fyw&sig2=JtlZRxKooE7-4nBbSKaiQ&bvm=bv.56643336,d.dGIより筆者作成
Sep. 2012

8. BERECの対応
If “bill & keep” were to be replaced by SPNP then the ISP providing access could
exploit the physical bottleneck for traffic exchange and derive monopoly
profits, requiring regulatory intervention.
ETNO’s proposed end-to-end SPNP approach to data transmission is totally
antagonistic to the decentralised efficient routing approach to data transmission
of the Internet. The connection-oriented nature of end-to-end SPNP, with its
focus on charging based on the actual volumes or value of the traffic, would
represent a dramatic change from the existing charging framework operating on
the Internet.
Finally, it is worth pointing out that ETNO’s proposals do not seem to have taken
account of the fact that the request for the data flow usually stems not from the
CAP but from the retail Internet access provider’s own customer (who “pulls”
content provided by the CAPs, and from whom the ISP is already deriving
revenues).
http://berec.europa.eu/files/document_register_store/2012/11/BoR(12)120rev
.1_BEREC_Statement_on_ITR_2012.11.14.pdfより筆者作成
Nov. 14. 2012

9. WCIT-12への提案
出典：http://www.itu.int/en/wcit-12/Documents/draft-future-itrs-public.pdf

10. WCIT-12での議論
出典：http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000195974.pdf

11. WCIT-12での結末
出典：http://www.soumu.go.jp/main_content/000195974.pdf