1. *

2. *
1. Deciding what you want to accomplish
You must have a clear idea where you are
going
Examples :
Do you want to sell a health care program
to a prospective client ?
Do you want to persuade management to
increase the marketing budget?
At the end of Your presentation, what do
you want your audience to remember or do?

3. 2. Understanding your audience
 analyzing your audience
Anticipating its reactions
Making appropriate adaptations
Understand four different audience types :
i. friendly audience – they like you
and your topic
a. organizational pattern
 Use any pattern
 Try something new
 Involve the audience

4. a. Delivery style
 Be warm
 Pleasant
 Open
 Use lots of eye contact
 smiles
b. Supporting material
 Include humor
 Personal examples and
experience

5. ii. neutral audience – they are calm
and rational
a. organizational pattern
 Present both sides of issue;
 Use pro-con or problem –
solution patterns
 Save time for audience
questions
b. Delivery style
 Be controlled
 Do nothing showy
 Use confident
 Small gestures

6. c. Supporting material
 Use facts, statistics, expert
opinion, comparison and
contrast, avoid humor, personal
stories and flashy visual
iii. uninterested audience – they
have short attention spans, they
may be there against their will
avoid :
 Darkening the room
 Standing motionless
 Passing out handout
 Using boring visuals
 Expecting audience to participate

7. a.organizational pattern
 Be brief – no more than three
points
 Avoid topical and pro- con
patterns that seem lengthy to
the audience
b.Delivery styles
 Be dynamic and entertaining
 Move around
 Use large gestures

8. c. Supporting material
use humor
Cartoon
Colourful visuals
Powerful quotations
Startling statistics
ii. hostile audience – they
want to take
charge or ridicule the
speaker ;
defensive, emotional
- avoid quest –ans period

9. a. organizational pattern
 Use controversial patterns
such as topical,
chronological, or
geographical
b. Delivery style
 Be calm, controlled; speak
evenly and slowly
c. Supporting material
 Include objective data and
expert opinion
 Avoid anecdotes and humor

10. * MAJOR ELEMENTS IN ORGANIZING THE
CONTENT OF A PRESENTTATION
I. Capturing attention in the
Introduction
A promise
Drama
Eye contact
Movement
Questions
Demonstrations
Samples/gimmicks
Visuals
Self-interest

11. II. Organizing the Body
Chronology
Geography/Space
Topic/Function/Conventional Grouping
Comparison/Contrast
Journalism Pattern
Value/Size
Importance
Problem/Solutions
Simple/Complex
Best Case/ Worst Case

12. III. Summarizing the conclusion
 use phrases such as, In conclusion,
I end this presentation, or it’s time for
me to stop.
Review major points and focus on
what you want the listeners to do,
think or remember.
Use an anecdote, an inspiring
quotation, or a statement that ties in
the opener and offers a new insight.

13. * IDENTIFY TECHNIQUES FOR GAINING
AUDIENCE RAPPORT
I. Effective imagery
analogies
Metaphors
Similes
Personal anecdotes
Personalized statistics
Worst- and best-case scenarios
II. Verbal Signposts
Previewing-
Summarizing
Switching Directions

14. III. Nonverbal Messages
Look Terrific
Animate Your Body
Punctuate Your Word
Get Out From Behind The Podium
Vary Your Facial Expressions

15. * SPECIFY DELIVERY TECHNIQUES
FOR USE BEFORE, DURING AND
AFTER A PRESENTATION
I. Before your presentation
Prepare Thoroughly
Rehearse Repeatedly
Time Yourself
Request A Lectern
Check The Room
Great Members Of The Audience
Practice Stress Reduction

16. II. During your presentations
 begin with a pause
 present your first sentence from memory
 maintain eye contact
 Control your voice and eye contact
 put the brakes on
 Move naturally
 use visual aids effectively
 avoid digressions
 summarize your main points

17. III. After your presentations
 distribute handouts
 encourage questions
 Repeat Questions
 Reinforce your main points
 Keep control
 Avoid ‘yes’, ‘but’ answers
 And with a summary and
appreciation