Introduction to Cloud Computing

1. INTRODUCTION TO
CLOUD COMPUTING
By Unmesh Ballal – Practice Manager,
Nilesh Farkade – Open Source Tech Lead
Parallel Minds Technology Solutions

2. WHAT ARE THE GROWING IT NEEDS ?
• Increase capacity of Servers and network infrastructures
• Need to Reduce Costs
• Pay per use service instead of enterprise wide licensing
• Utility style infrastructure provisioning
• Use Software as Service providers to reduce cost
• Interface and integrate External Web Applications and Web Services
• Consuming web services,
• Access Outsourced Business Services
• External Commerce platforms for trading
• Access to roaming users
• Internet integration services

3. CLOUD COMPUTING ATTEMPTS TO SOLVE THE
GROWING IT NEEDS

4. DEFINING CLOUD COMPUTING
• As a metaphor for the Internet, "the cloud" is a familiar cliché, but when combined
with "computing," the meaning gets bigger and fuzzier. Some analysts and vendors
define cloud computing narrowly as an updated version of utility computing:
basically virtual servers available over the Internet. Others go very broad, arguing
anything you consume outside the firewall is "in the cloud," including conventional
outsourcing.

5. CLOUD COMPUTING SHARES
CHARACTERISTICS WITH
• Peer-to-peer — A distributed architecture without the need for central coordination. Participants
are both suppliers and consumers of resources (in contrast to the traditional client–server model).
• Client–server model — Client–server computing refers broadly to any distributed application that
distinguishes between service providers (servers) and service requestors (clients).
• Utility computing — The "packaging of computing resources, such as computation and storage,
as a metered service similar to a traditional public utility, such as electricity”
• Grid computing — "A form of distributed and parallel computing, whereby a 'super and virtual
computer' is composed of a cluster of networked, loosely coupled computers acting in concert to
perform very large tasks."
• Mainframe computer — Powerful computers used mainly by large organizations for critical
applications, typically bulk data processing such as: census; industry and consumer statistics;
police and secret intelligence services; enterprise resource planning; and financial transaction
processing

6. CLOUD COMPUTING EXHIBITS THE
FOLLOWING KEY CHARACTERISTICS -2
• Agility
• Application programming interface
• Cost
• Device and location independence
• Multitenancy - enables sharing of resources and costs across a large pool of users
thus allowing for
• centralization of infrastructure in locations with lower costs (such as real estate,
electricity, etc.)
• peak-load capacity increases (users need not engineer for highest possible load-levels)
• utilization and efficiency improvements for systems that are often only 10–20% utilized

7. CLOUD COMPUTING EXHIBITS THE
FOLLOWING KEY CHARACTERISTICS-3
• Performance is monitored, and consistent and loosely coupled architectures are constructed
using web services as the system interface
• Productivity may be increased when multiple users can work on the same data
simultaneously, rather than waiting for it to be saved and emailed. Time may be saved as
information does not need to be re-entered when fields are matched, nor do users need to
install application software upgrades to their computer
• Reliability improves with the use of multiple redundant sites, which makes well-designed
cloud computing suitable for business continuity and disaster recovery
• Scalability and elasticity via dynamic ("on-demand") provisioning of resources on a fine-
grained, self-service basis in near
• Security can improve due to centralization of data, increased security-focused resources, etc.,
but concerns can persist about loss of control over certain sensitive data, and the lack of
security for stored kernels

8. MORE CLOUD COMPUTING
CHARACTERISTICS
8
Common Characteristics:
Low Cost Software
Virtualization Service Orientation
Advanced Security
Homogeneity
Massive Scale Resilient Computing
Geographic Distribution
Essential Characteristics:
Resource Pooling
Broad Network Access Rapid Elasticity
Measured Service
On Demand Self-Service
Adopted from: Effectively and Securely Using the Cloud Computing Paradigm by peter Mell, Tim
Grance

9. Web Services
Application
Development
Platform
Storage
Hosting
CLOUD COMPUTING SERVICE
LAYERS
10
Description
Services – Complete business services such as
PayPal, OpenID, OAuth, Google Maps, Alexa
Services
Application
Focused
Infrastructure
Focused
Application – Cloud based software that eliminates
the need for local installation such as Google Apps,
Microsoft Online
Storage – Data storage or cloud based NAS such
as CTERA, iDisk, CloudNAS
Development – Software development platforms used
to build custom cloud based applications (PAAS &
SAAS) such as SalesForce
Platform – Cloud based platforms, typically provided
using virtualization, such as Amazon ECC, Sun Grid
Hosting – Physical data centers such as those run
by IBM, HP, NaviSite, etc.

10. SERVICE MODELS
• Software as a Service (SaaS) - The applications are accessible from various client
devices through either a thin client interface, such as a web browser (e.g., web-
based email), or a program interface.
• Platform as a Service (PaaS) - The capability provided to the consumer is to deploy
onto the cloud infrastructure consumer-created or acquired applications created
using programming languages, libraries, services, and tools supported by the
provider.
• Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS) - The capability provided to the consumer is to
provision processing, storage, networks, and other fundamental computing
resources where the consumer is able to deploy and run arbitrary software, which
can include operating systems and applications

11. SAAS MATURITY MODEL
Level 2: Configurable per
customer
12
Source: Frederick Chong and Gianpaolo Carraro, “Architectures Strategies for Catching the Long Tail”
Level 3: configurable &
Multi-Tenant-Efficient
Level 1: Ad-Hoc/Custom – One
Instance per customer
Level 4: Scalable,
Configurable & Multi-
Tenant-Efficient

14. DEPLOYMENT MODELS
• Private Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a single
organization comprising multiple consumers (e.g., business units).
• Community Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for exclusive use by a
specific community of consumers from organizations that have shared concerns
(e.g., mission, security requirements, policy, and compliance considerations)
• Public Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is provisioned for open use by the general
public. It may be owned, managed, and operated by a business, academic, or
government organization, or some combination of them
• Hybrid Cloud - The cloud infrastructure is a composition of two or more distinct
cloud infrastructures (private, community, or public) that remain unique entities, but
are bound together by standardized or proprietary technology that enables data
and application portability

18. CLOUD APPLICATION
ARCHITECTURE

21. AMAZON DEMO
• Setting up with Amazon EC2
• Configure instances
• Monitoring
• Storage

22. MAGIC QUADRANT FOR PUBLIC
CLOUD INFRASTRUCTURE

23. MAGIC QUADRANT FOR APP
PLATFORM AS A SERVICE

24. OIL AND GAS INDUSTRY – CASE
STUDY
• Growing Demand for real-time, web-based Human Machine Interfaces (HMIs) and
• Problem
• Control and Data Acquisition Cloud solutions is mandated
• Traditional solutions require installation and maintenance of a PC at site
• Remote users do not have internet access
• Solution
• Add features to extend application for web-based interface
• Each of these local devices is connected to the cloud-based via cellular or satellite
connections
• Access daily production report since data is stored in cloud
• Further enhancements for monitoring is possible

26. WHAT ARE CLOUD ROADBLOCKS
• Privacy Concern
• Lack of trust for user profile
• Network Bandwidth could be a problem
• Availability and Reliability
• Increasing Storage Requirements - Data Volumes – Calls for Big Data
• Increasing Data Velocity – Calls for Big Data

28. FUTURE OF CLOUD COMPUTING
• Cloud is strategic
• Cloud is powering innovation
• Legacy applications are transitioning
• Internet of things
• Mobile application ecosystem
• Cloud-based syncing and storage technology
• Cost effective solution for consolidating physical infrastructure. E.g. smart cities
initiatives

29. Q&A

30. REFERENCES
• http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cloud_computing
• http://www.webgranth.com/a-complete-reference-to-cloud-computing
• http://www.infoworld.com/d/cloud-computing/what-cloud-computing-really-means-031
• Getting started with Amazon EC2
instances:http://docs.aws.amazon.com/AWSEC2/latest/UserGuide/EC2_GetStarted.html
• http://www.automation.com/library/case-studies/cloud-computing-for-the-oil-and-gas-
industry
• http://www.csc.com/big_data/offerings/82345/105621-big_data_platform_as_a_service
• http://social.technet.microsoft.com/wiki/contents/articles/4633.what-is-infrastructure-as-a-
service.aspx
• http://vertical-cloud.com/2012/03/23/cloud-and-globalization/