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Web sphere administration
1.
IBM Software Group WebSphere
Administration A practical guide to WebSphere scripted administration options Andrew Simms, Consulting IT Specialist IBM SWG WebSphere Services simmsa@uk.ibm.com WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004 © 2004 IBM Corporation
2.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WebSphere Administration: What we’ll cover 2 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
3.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software What we’re going to do . . . Talk through and demonstrate configuration scripts that: o set the initial heap and maximum heap size o add or change environment entries o set the maximum requests per keep-alive value of a particular transport o display the changed values Talk through and demonstrate application deployment scripts. From these hope to see the relative merits of each tool 3 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
4.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 1: The Admin Console You could avoid writing scripts by using the Admin Console to perform configuration tasks and install applications If you like typing and don’t make mistakes, this is the tool for you Going to: o select server1 o navigate to Process Definition + Java Virtual Machine and change heap sizes o navigate to Process Definition + Environment Entries and change envvars o navigate to Web Container + HTTP Transports, select the SSL-disabled transport, select Custom Properties and add a new property o install an application Similar navigation on v4 http://ajsnode1:9090/admin 4 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
5.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Admin Console: Comments Different look and feel in v4 and v5 v5.1 & v6 have same look and feel as v5 Use for ad hoc configuration and operational tasks, e.g.: o building a playpen environment o examining transactions o examining product information o controlling trace and examining logs Avoid for bulk and repetitive tasks Useful early in the test cycle Use when some task is just too difficult or expensive to script 5 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
6.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software So why not just use the Admin Console? Consider: o you have N1 domains/cells o N2 test environments o N3 application servers or server groups (clusters) in each domain/cell o N4 enterprise applications o N5 drops received from development for each app If Ni ≈ 1 for each i, then you could use the Admin Console When Ni >> 1 then using Admin Console becomes tedious and error prone Solution: script domain/cell builds and enterprise application installations Up front cost but in the long term you save administrator costs and provide a more reliable service. 6 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
7.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 2: wscp What is it? o v4’s configuration and runtime scripting language Main features: o Extension of Tcl, the Tool Command Language • Tcl is portable across many platforms • Tcl widely used for scripting tasks, not just WebSphere • Simple to learn, powerful to use o Interactive or scripted access o Typically used for bulk and repeatable tasks, e.g.: • Add a set of definitions in a repeatable manner • Change the value of a system property on all servers in all domains (but not easily) o Can do most things that can be done in the Admin Console 7 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
8.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wscp: Style of usage Command line /script Three modes of operation: o interactive o single command (-c option) o run a script (-f option) Access resources using <class> <verb> <object> <options>, e.g.: o J2CResourceAdapter create <name> –attribute {{Name fred} {ArchiveFile freda}} Names look like this: o /Node:ajsnode/Server:server1/ o /JDBCDriver:schumacher/DataSource:button/ Lots of curly brackets!!, e.g.: o ServerGroup show <name> –attribute EJBServerAttributes o ServerGroup modify <name> -attribute {{EJBServerAttributes {WebContainerConfig {SessionManagerConfig {EnableUrlRewriting true}}}}} 8 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
9.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wscp: Example Code Code: o sample_wscp.tcl (about 90 lines) o sample_wscp_install.tcl (about 20 lines) Reset before running: o sample_swan_reset_wscp.bat Run it: o sample_wscp.bat o sample_wscp_install.bat 9 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
10.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 3: XMLConfig What is it? o v4’s XML configuration utility Main features: o Private to WebSphere, unlike Tcl o Exports full or partial repository to an XML file o Imports from XML file with arbitrary substitutions o Not interactive (but can be called interactively from wscp) o Can create, update or delete objects o Can start/stop objects o Typically used for repeatable tasks, e.g.: • Add a set of definitions in a repeatable manner o Can be invoked from Admin Console, shell or wscp 10 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
11.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software XMLConfig: Style of Usage Command Run xmlconfig –export to export the entire domain to an XML file Run xmlconfig –export –partial <file> to export part of a domain to an XML file, where <file> directs what is to be exported Edit the generated XML file: o remove unwanted bits o change values to variable names to allow substitution Run xmlconfig –import to import from the XML file to a new or the same domain, usually with substitutions Can also build the XML file by hand 11 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
12.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software XMLConfig: Example Code Code: o sample_xmlconfig_partial_export.xml (7 lines) o sample_xmlconfig_partial_export_output.xml (c200 lines, generated) o sample_xmlconfig_import.xml (50 lines, edited) o sample_xmlconfig_partial_export_install.xml (5 lines) o sample_xmlconfig_partial_export_output_install.xml (c70 lines, generated & edited) Reset before running: o sample_swan_reset_wscp.bat Run it: o sample_xmlconfig.bat o sample_xmlconfig_install.bat 12 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
13.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wscp is better than XMLConfig is better than wscp wscp XMLConfig Is a powerful procedural scripting language Is a utility that allows simple substitutions with variables and has limited actions Is based on a Java implementation of a popular Its output is XML, but the utility is unique to scripting language (Tcl) WebSphere Represents WebSphere objects as commands Places actions in XML attributes (rather like (e.g. ApplicationServer) with verbs (e.g. ANT) “start”, “modify”) Is a natural choice for doing anything in bulk or Is a good choice for repetitive tasks where repetitive changes are simple substitutions Is not dependent on having something built Is dependent on creating something first manually first manually (unless you create the XML by hand) Can be used for ad hoc purposes interactively Export+partial can do some ad hoc tasks (but not always easily) 13 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
14.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Scripted options in v5 & v5.1 & v6 Gone! Replacement for wscp: wsadmin o But provides a completely different set of objects o wscp scripts are not migratable to wsadmin Replacement for XMLConfig: nothing o Repository now a set of XML files o Expectation that customers would copy/edit directories/files o Proved too hard o Some as-is scripts available on WebSphere Developer Domain for doing XMLConfig-like things (v5.1.2) o Some more XMLConfig-like things in v6 and beyond 14 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
15.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 4: wsadmin What is it? o v5’s scripting language Main features: o Uses the Bean Scripting Framework (BSF) • Provides access to Java objects and methods from supported scripting languages. • Architecture for easily incorporating scripting into Java applications and applets • Applications independent and not bound to a single scripting language • Different language scripts can access Java objects using wsadmin o Current supported languages for wsadmin: • Jacl - Java Command Language based on Tcl scripting • Jython – Java implementation of the OO language Python 15 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
16.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 4: wsadmin How is it different from wscp? o The WebSphere objects are completely different from wscp o Tcl is easy to learn, but wsadmin is complex o Separates static configuration from dynamic changes Typically used for bulk and repeatable tasks, e.g.: o Add a set of definitions in a repeatable manner o Change the value of an environment variable on all servers in all cells Can do everything in the Admin Console, but not in a necessarily intuitive manner 16 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
17.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: JMX MBeans wsadmin acts as an interface to Java objects for access by scripts o Objects communicate with MBeans (JMX management objects) Objects perform different operations. There are four built-in objects: o $AdminConfig (Jacl) or AdminConfig (Jython) • Create or change the WebSphere configuration o $AdminApp (Jacl) or AdminApp (Jython) • Install, modify, or administer applications o $AdminControl (Jacl) or AdminControl (Jython) • Work with live running objects and perform traces and data type conversion o $Help (Jacl) or Help (Jython) • Display general help information and details about which MBeans are running Separation between Configuration and Control pp minA Ad MBean AdminConfig MBean Script wsadmin AdminContr ol H el MBean p MBean 17 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
18.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: Style of usage Command line / script Three modes of operation: o interactive o single command (-c option) o run a script (-f option) Connect over SOAP or RMI Pass language identifier to wsadmin command – Jacl assumed Access configuration resources using AdminConfig. In Jacl: o set id [$AdminConfig getid <name>] o $AdminConfig modify $id {{name fred} {desc “fred bloggs”}} And in Jython: o id = AdminConfig.getid(<name>) o AdminConfig.modify(id, “[[name fred], [desc ““fred bloggs””]]” Configuration names look like this: o /Cell:ajs_cell/Node:ajsnode/Server:server1/ o /JDBCProvider:schumacher/DataSource:button/ 18 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
19.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: Style of usage (2) Access runtime resources using AdminControl. In Jacl: o set mbeanId [$AdminConfig getObjectName $id] o $AdminControl invoke $mbeanId getState And in Jython: o mbeanId = AdminConfig.getObjectName($id) o AdminControl.invoke(mbeanId, getState) Runtime names look like this: o WebSphere:platform=common,cell=ajs_cell,version=5.0.1,name=NodeAgen t,mbeanIdentifier=NodeAgent,type=NodeAgent,node=ajsnode1,process=no deagent 19 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
20.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: Some Operations and Functions $AdminConfig $AdminApp $AdminControl $Help o attributes o deleteUserAndGroupEntries o completeObjectName o attributes o convertToCluster o edit o getAttribute o operations o create o editInteractive o getAttributes o constructors o export o getCell o description o createClusterMember o exportDDL o getConfigId o classname o createUsingTemplate o install o getHost o all o defaults o installInteractive o getMBeanCount o AdminControl o getid o list o getNode o AdminApp o getObjectName o listModules o getPort o AdminConfig o installResourceAdapter o options o getType o wsadmin o list o publishWSDL o invoke o message o listTemplates o taskInfo o makeObjectName o modify o uninstall o queryNames o parents o setAttribute o reset o setAttributes o startServer o save o stopServer o show o testConnection o showall o trace o showAttribute o types 20 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
21.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: Miscellaneous Commands are case-sensitive Configuration changes not persisted until "save" call If multiple scripts or clients (Administrative Console) are saving configuration changes at the same time, exception thrown on Save call o No changes will be persisted Upon "save" call, validation procedure verifies updates o Create two servers with the same name throws exception wsadmin -f "xxxxx" much faster than wsadmin -c "xxxxx" o Better to run multiple commands in a file than individual commands o Call "save" in file periodically to persist configurations updates • Avoids no changes being persisted should an exception occur 21 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
22.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: Installing an Application Use $AdminApp Can use interactively inside a command Can get the configurable options from an EAR file o $AdminApp options myapp.ear Then can get the task information for each option: o $AdminApp taskInfo myapp.ear MapWebModToVH Could then use this info to help build the relevant options for installation: o $AdminApp install myapp.ear {-appname freda -MapWebModToVH {{{Default Application} default_app.war,WEB-INF/web.xml myvhost}} -<lots of other options . . .>} Just as difficult to construct this as in wscp 22 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
23.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software wsadmin: Example Code JACL Code: o sample_wsadmin.tcl (about 90 lines) o sample_wsadmin_install.tcl (about 25 lines) Jython Code: o sample_wsadmin.py (about 90 lines) Reset before running: o sample_swan_reset_wsadmin.bat Run JACL: o sample_wsadmin_jacl.bat o sample_wsadmin_install_jacl.bat Reset before running: o sample_swan_reset_wsadmin.bat Run Jython: o sample_wsadmin_py.bat 23 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
24.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Jacl is better than Jython is better than Jacl Not that different If you can program in one you can probably program in the other Jacl may suit shell script programmers Jython may suit those with OO background Both take just as much as code as the other in our example 24 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
25.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 5: ws_ant (ANT) What is it? o ANT – Java-based, platform-neutral, open source build tool o ws_ant: Copy of Apache ANT with task extensions to support WebSphere- specific capabilities Main Features: o Tasks provided include: • Install and uninstall applications • Start and stop servers • Run administration scripts or commands o But the admin task is just a call to wsadmin – you still have to write the wsadmin code to do the actual configuration o Main advantage is ability to build the EAR, run a configuration script and then install the EAR, all from a single ws_ant build.xml. 25 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
26.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software ws_ant: Style of Usage Command-oriented Specify tasks, targets and dependencies between targets Connect over SOAP or RMI Pass language identifier to wsadmin command – Jacl assumed 26 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
27.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software ws_ant: Example Code Code: o build.xml (45 lines) o sample.props (20 lines) Reset: o sample_swan_reset_wsadmin.bat Run it: o sample_wsant_wsadmin.bat o sample_wsant_install.bat 27 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
28.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 6: WsAdmin Automation Platform (WAP) What is it? o Set of utility functions sitting over wsadmin o Eases a lot of wsadmin hassle Main features: o Available from IBM Techdocs, the Technical Sales Library o Not supported by IBM: provided “as is” o Greatly simplifies many wsadmin scripting tasks o Provides a library of Tcl procedures for creating, modifying and deleting WebSphere objects (e.g. application servers, data sources) o Runs on 5.0 and 5.1 o Syntax (on Windows): • set WAP_SOURCE=/installed/wap • set PATH=%PATH%;%WAP_SOURCE% • jwap.bat 28 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
29.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WAP: Style of usage Command line / script Runs over wsadmin, so: o Three modes of operation: • interactive • single command (-c option) • run a script (-f option) o Connect over SOAP or RMI Jacl only (not Jython) Set subsequent commands’ scope: o setNode ajsnode1 o setServer server1 Provides a number of Jacl procedures named: o createXXX, removeXXX, modifyXXX o e.g. createCustomService, modifyJDBCProvider Pass parameters as dash-options, plus “you-name-it” options 29 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
30.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WAP: Style of usage (2) Names become simpler (no need for /Cell:xxx/Node:xxx/Server:xxx/) Not all documented: o getIDByListing & modifyConfigObject are not documented but very useful Mainly aimed at create/modify/delete o little support for display & list o “list” does not return as Tcl lists so you can’t do “foreach” style processing 30 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
31.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WAP: Example Code Code: o sample_wap.tcl (c90 lines) Reset: o sample_swan_reset_wsadmin.bat Run it: o sample_wap.bat 31 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
32.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WAP: Installing an application Use the installApplication command Pass customisations in same way as wsadmin’s $AdminApp install: installApplication -appname fred -earfile /installed/websphere/appserver/base5.1/installableApps/ivtApp.ear {-MapModulesToServers {{{IVT Application} ivt_app.war,WEB- INF/web.xml WebSphere:cell=ajs_cell,node=ajsnode1,server=server1}}} -interact option to customise by answering questions (couldn’t get this to work) Can install then customise afterwards using the editApplication command Not really any different from $AdminApp About 15 long statements in our example 32 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
33.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 7: JMX What is it? o Java Management Extensions (JMX) is a framework oriented at managing applications and resources (like application servers) • Allows for exposing your application to remote or local management tools • JMX is a specification oriented to the application and network management • Part of J2SE Main Features: o Some of the JMX functionality: • Allows you to query the configuration settings and change them at runtime • Provides services such as monitoring, event notification, timers, .... • Allows you to load, initialize, change, and monitor application components and resources o Structured in three layers: • Instrumentation layer - MBeans • Agent layer - MBeanServer and agents • Distributed Services (this part is still out of the scope of the current level of the specs) JSR-077 33 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
34.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software About JMX: How does JMX work? Resources are managed by Managed Beans (MBeans) o These are simple JavaBeans that perform operational or configuration changes on resources MBeans provide APIs to the external world to manage its resources o Each JMX-enabled JVM contains a MBean Server (Managed Bean Server) that registers all the MBeans in the system • MBean Server provides access to all of its registered MBeans o External programs access MBeans registered on the MBean Server via Connectors/Adapters JVM Resources External tools Connector MBeans and programs MBean Server MBeans 34 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software JMX Benefits Enables Java applications to be managed without heavy investment o Relies on a core managed object server that act as a ‘management agent’ o Java application simply needs to embed a managed object server and make some of its functionality available as one or several Manageable Beans registered in the object server Provides a scalable management architecture o Every JMX agent service is an independent module that can be plugged into the management agent Integrates existing management solutions o JMX smart agents are capable of being managed through HTML browsers or by various management protocols such as Web Services, JMS, SNMP, etc. Defines only the interfaces necessary for management 35 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software JMX: Architectural Principles Management Application Connector Adapter Agent Layer MBean Server Agent Agent Agent Services Services Services (as MBeans) Resource 1 Resource 2 Instrumentation MBean MBean Layer Manages Manages Resource 1 Resource 2 Managed Resources JVM 36 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
37.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WebSphere JMX Architecture All WebSphere 5.0 processes run the JMX agent All WebSphere 5.0 runtime administration is done through JMX operations E xternal tools and prog ram s W ebS phere A pplication H TTP S e rv er P rocess SNMP JM X JM X A dapter R M I/IIO P A dapter JM X SOAP C onnector internal JM X runtim e C onnector M B ea n objects S erver M Beans M B eans M B ean M B ean P roxy P roxy In te rn al M B e an s reg iste r w ith loca l E xternal M B eanS erver M B ea nS e rve r. E xte rn al M B e an s h ave lo ca l proxy to the ir Illustrates possibilities or future M B ea nS e rve r. P roxy registe rs w ith loca l plans M B ea nS e rve r. 37 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software WebSphere Distributed Administration Clients, Multi-cell mgmt, & other EMS (Tivoli, BMC) Deployment Mgr JMX MBean Connector Server MBeans MBeans MBean MBean Proxy Proxy Node Mgr Config Repository Service JMX MBean Connector Server To Other Nodes Master MBeans Master files MBeans Master files To Other App MBean files MBean Servers Proxy Proxy App Server Config Distribution Service JMX tmx4j Connector config MBean files MBean Server Server MBeans EAR files MBeans 38 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software JMX: Some MBeans Cell J2CConnectionFactory Node JavaMailProvider ManagedObject MailSession ApplicationServer URLProvider ServerCluster URL JMSServer JDBCProvider Application, EJBModuleConfig, DataSource, WAS40DataSource WebModuleConfig ConnectionPool EJBContainer, WebContainer ORBPlugin ListenerPort JavaVirtualMachine JMSProvider SecurityPermission JMSConnectionFactory NameServer JMSDestination LocalOSUserRegistry J2CResourceAdapter These Mbeans are built into WebSphere – 224 of them in v5.1 39 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software How Can Customers Use JMX? All WAS 5.0 Admin client programs use JMX o Web Admin console o wsadmin scripting o Admin Client Java API o Included in both Base App Server package and Advanced Deployment Use the APIs to control WebSphere runtime Extend the set of managed objects with custom JMX MBeans Attach Admin clients to Cell Manager in order to access entire Admin domain Node Agents start & monitor individual App Servers 40 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
41.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software JMX: Example Code Code: o sample_jmx.java (c160 lines) Reset: o sample_swan_reset_wsadmin.bat Run it: o sample_jmx.bat 41 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
42.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 8: SWAN What is it? o Simplified WebSphere AdministratioN o Greatly eases wscp and wsadmin hassle Main features: o Runs in wscp and wsadmin o Obtainable from the author o Runs on WebSphere v4, v5, v5.1 o Runs on Windows, AIX (probably all UNIXes) and z/OS o Simplifies writing wscp and wsadmin scripts o Simplifies interactive access o Provides a high degree of portability between WebSphere versions SWAN wscp wsadmin 42 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN Syntax <class> <verb> [<object>] [<options>] [<attributes>] Examples: o appserv list o dsource list –format -short o jcafact delete jack –ra jill o resadapt create ada –rarfile /usr/product/somefile.rar o cluster show clouseau +maxheap +minheap o appserv show jeeves +webhttpbacklog –constraint {Host * Port 9080} o appserv modify jeeves +webhttpbacklog 53 –constraint {Host * Port 9080} o appserv modify –constraint {Host * Port 9080} +webhttpbacklog 57 jeeves o jmsdest exists jack –jmsprov jill 43 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN is better than wscp/wsadmin is better than SWAN In wscp/wsadmin you have to know how to reach a particular attribute o Not a problem for many cases • e.g. JDBCProvider has no attribute hierarchy o Big problem for server groups and application servers • have to understand the hierarchy to navigate through it o SWAN solves this by hiding the hierarchy In wscp/wsadmin you have long names: o Long names for configuration and runtime objects o Much of which is probably constant in your script (e.g. cell name & node name) o SWAN solves this by setting a scope and providing the –short option In wscp/wsadmin you need long Tcl lists to set attributes: o SWAN solves this because it has flattened the attribute hierarchy wscp scripts cannot be migrated to wsadmin without complete rewriting: o But wscp scripts written to use the SWAN syntax will be migratable o Some changes will be needed though because of differences in v5 44 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
45.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN is better than wscp/wsadmin is better than SWAN SWAN does not implement all of the object types: o There are 224 in wsadmin in v5.1 o SWAN implements the most commonly used object types o SWAN can be extended to implement the others – easily if they follow the patterns of the current SWAN types o You can always use the wsadmin types directly in your scripts SWAN is not supported by IBM: o SWAN is provided as-is o Whereas wscp and wsadmin are supported 45 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
46.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN: Further Examples Getting help: o help o dsource help o jdbcdrv help create o jcafact attributes o jcafact attributes -details o cluster create clouseau -member sellers –vertical 3 o cluster showmembers clouseau o appserv makecluster jeeves –cluster wooster o cluster start wooster o cluster stop wooster -force 46 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
47.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN: Coverage appserv Application servers cell Domain or cell cluster Clusters (server groups) dsource Data sources entapp Enterprise applications jcafact J2C connection factories jdbcdrv JDBC drivers (providers) jmsdest JMS destinations jmsfact JMS connection factories jmsprov Generic JMS providers mail Java mail nagent Node agents resadapt Resource adapters vhost Virtual hosts 47 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Installing enterprise applications using SWAN Packager or Deployer runs "entapp produceaid": o Creates an XML file called an Enterprise Archive Application Installation Descriptor (EAR AID) o EAR AID houses all of the deployable options from the EAR file's deployment descriptors Intention is that the Deployer then edits this file using an XML or text editor to set appropriate values (as would be done through the console) Deployer then runs "entapp create": o takes the EAR file and uses the AID file to install the enterprise app o same procedure whether v4 or v5, but different EAR AID file Non-SWAN software available to produce an Excel spreadsheet containing the EAR AID file, and to transform it back o makes it easier to edit 48 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
49.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN: Example Code Code: o sample_swan.tcl (25 lines, does both v4 and v5) Reset: o sample_swan_reset_wscp.bat o sample_swan_reset_wsadmin.bat Run it: o sample_swan_wscp.bat o sample_swan_wsadmin.bat 49 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software SWAN Internals: Code Size File Type # lines non-commentary code Configuration files 800 v4 code 3700 v5 code 3600 Common v4 code 1400 Common v5 code 900 Other common code 1500 Total non-commentary code 11,400 Plus comment lines 4,300 Includes debug/trace code 1000 50 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Configuration & Deployment Using SWAN (1) Default Configuration Spreadsheet Other Release .ear .zip Artefacts Note 1 2 Edit in Excel PVCS Project-Specific Configuration Spreadsheet iwf_acm_iiw_app.cfg.xls 51 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
52.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Configuration & Deployment Using SWAN (2) entapp EAR .ear PVCS 4 produceaid AID 3 5 Generate Spreadsheet AID Spreadsheet 6 iwf_acm_iiw_ap p.xls Edit in Excel Project-Specific Configuration Edited Spreadsheet Project-Specific Configuration Spreadsheet 52 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
53.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Configuration & Deployment Using SWAN (3) 7 Generator Project-Specific Configuration Configuration Configuration Configuration Spreadsheet scripts scripts scripts 9 zip Package PVCS Generator Other Release Edited 8 AID .ear .zip Artefacts Note EAR Spreadsheet AID 53 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Configuration & Deployment Using SWAN (4) 10 Tivoli Software Package Distribution Node A 14 11 Package i..edApps on node EAR A Edited Configuration Configuration Configuration 12 13 scripts Tivoli Software .ear EAR scripts scripts Configurator Distribution AID 15 WebSphere Domain entapp create Node B Node C Node D 54 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
55.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Tool 9: J2EE 1.4 Management and Deployment What is it? o J2EE 1.4 APIs for product-independent configuration & deployment Main features: o No standard up to J2EE 1.3 o J2EE 1.4 (WebSphere v6) introduces: • J2EE Management Specification (JSR-77) • ability to configure and control J2EE objects in a Java-application- server-independent manner • J2EE Deployment Specification (JSR-88) • ability to install enterprise applications in a Java-application- server-independent manner • wsadmin still works • write programs to these specs to lessen vendor lock-in • many configuration/deployment possibilities: • Admin Console • wsadmin scripts in Jacl and Jython • Programs written to the JMX API • Programs written to JSR-77 & JSR-88 55 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
56.
IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Comparison: Lines of code wscp XmlConfig wsadmin wsadmin ws_ant JMX SWAN Jacl Jython Heap sizes 2 4 6 45 9 2 (plus Environment 16 60 24 19 wsad 35 6 min) Transport 43 23 ? 40 3 Display 30 8 30 ? 50 6 (but displays everything) Installation 20 75 25 ? ? 4 56 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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IBM Software Group
| Server WebSphere ApplicationWebSphere software Summary References o “IBM WebSphere System Administration” by Leigh Williamson et al (ISBN: 0- 13-144604-5) o “IBM WebSphere Deployment and Advanced Configuration” by Barcia/Hines/Alcott/Botzum (ISBN: 0-13-146862-6) o WAP: • http://www-1.ibm.com/support/techdocs/atsmastr.nsf/WebIndex/PRS981 o SWAN: • simmsa@uk.ibm.com 57 © 2004 IBM Corporation WebSphere UK User Group - October 2004
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