this is the part of experimental pharmacology.

1. Pharmacology
assignment
MADE BY: VERTIKA AWASTHI
PHARM. D 2 ND YEAR
CHITKARA COLLEGE OF PHARMACY

2. AIM:
TO STUDY THE EFFECT OF VARIOUS DRUGS ON ISOLATED PERFUSED FROG’S HEART

3. Principle:
Isolated and perfused frog heart experiment has contributed to initial discoveries on
cardiovascular physiology and pharmacology. Drugs may influence rate (chronotropy) and force
(inotropy) of contraction of heart.
An increase in heart rate is called positive chronotropic and decrease in heart rate is called
negative chronotropic response.
An increase in force of contraction is positive inotropic effect and decrease is negative inotropic
response.

4. Apparatus:
Kymograph
frog board
dissection set
perfusion apparatus
(Mariotte bottle, rubber tubing and a venous cannula), iron stand, clamps, universal lever, thread,
pins, tuberculin syringe, pithing needle, frog’s ringer solution.
Experimental Animal: Frog

7. Parameters to be studied:
Heart Rate: This is counted by counting the number of times lever comes down per min.
Rhythm of heart: Note whether regular or irregular.
Force of contraction:It is calculated by observing the height of the tracing (amplitude). Down
going lever indicates systole. Up going lever indicates diastole.
Tone : It is the state of partial contraction of muscle at rest. This is denoted by baseline of curves.
A rise in baseline indicates increase in tone

8. PROCEDURE: