2. Looping in Programming
• Loops in programming are used to repeat a block of code. Being
able to have your programming repeatedly execute a block of code
is one of the most basic but useful tasks in programming -- many
programming programs or programming websites that produce
extremely complex output are really only executing a single task
many times. A loop in programming lets you write a very simple
statement to produce a significantly greater result simply by
repetition.
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3. For Loop
For Loop is the most useful type in loop programming.
The syntax for for loop is :
for ( variable initialization; condition; variable update ) {
Code to execute while the condition is true
}
The variable initialization in for loop allows you to either declare a
variable and give it a value or give a value to an already existing
variable. Second, the condition tells the programming that while the
conditional expression in programming is true the loop should
continue to repeat itself. The variable update section is the easiest
way for a for loop to handle changing of the variable in programming
.
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4. Example of For Loop
The code for the example of for loop is:
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
for ( int x = 0; x < 10; x++ ) {
cout<< x <<endl;
}
cin.get();
}
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7. Explanation of the for loop
This programming is a simple example of a for
loop. x is set to zero, while x is less than 10 it
calls cout<< x <<endl; and it adds 1 to x until
the condition in the programming is met.
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8. Example of for loop
• #include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main() {
double f; // holds the length in feet
double m; // holds the conversion to meters
int counter;
counter = 0;
for(f = 1.0; f <= 100.0; f++) {
m = f / 3.28; // convert to meters
cout << f << " feet is " << m << " meters.n";
counter++;
// every 10th line, print a blank line
if(counter == 10) {
cout << "n"; // output a blank line
counter = 0; // reset the line counter
} http://eglobiotraining.com.
14. Explanation of For Loop
The output of the above example showed
tha conversion table of length (feet to
meters).
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15. While Loop
WHILE loops programming are very simple. The basic structure of the
while loop is:
while ( condition ) { Code to execute while the condition is true } The
true represents a boolean expression in programming which could
be x == 1 or while ( x != 7 ) (x does not equal 7). It can be any
combination of boolean statements in programming that are legal.
Even, (while x ==5 || v == 7) which says execute the code while x
equals five or while v equals 7. Notice that a while loop in
programming is the same as a for loop without the initialization and
update sections. However, an empty condition in programming is
not legal for a while loop as it is with a for loop.
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16. Example of While Loop :
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x = 0;
while ( x < 10 ) {
cout<< x <<endl;
x++;
}
cin.get();
} http://eglobiotraining.com.
18. Output of the While Loop
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19. Expalanation for While :
This While is simple, but it is longer than the
above FOR loop programming. The easiest
way to think of the loop programming is that
when it reaches the brace at the end it jumps
back up to the beginning of the loop
programming, which checks the condition again
and decides whether to repeat the block
another time, or stop and move to the next
statement after the block.
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20. Do..While
DO..WHILE loops are useful for programming that want to loop at least
once. The structure is:
do {
} while ( condition );
Notice that the condition in the programming is tested at the end of the
block instead of the beginning, so the block will be executed in the
programming at least once. If the condition is true, we jump back to
the beginning of the block in the programming and execute it again.
A do..while loop is basically a reversed while loop programming. A
while loop programming says "Loop while the condition is true, and
execute this block of code", a do..while loop programming says
"Execute this block of code, and loop while the condition is true".
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21. Example of Do..While
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main()
{
int x;
x = 0;
do {
cout<<“Programming is Funn";
} while ( x != 0 );
cin.get();
}
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24. Explanation of Do..While
You must include a trailing semi-colon after
the while in the above example. A
common error is to forget that a do..while
loop in C++ programming must be
terminated with a semicolon (the other
loops should not be terminated with a
semicolon, adding to the confusion).
Notice that this loop will execute once,
because it automatically executes before
checking the condition.
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25. Infinite loop
A loop becomes infinite loop in C++
programming if a condition never
becomes false. The for loop is traditionally
used for this purpose. Since none of the
three expressions that form the for loop
are required, you can make an endless
loop by leaving the conditional expression
empty.
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26. Example of Infinite Loop
#include <iostream>
using namespace std;
int main ()
{
for( ; ; )
{ printf("This loop will run forever.n"); }
return 0;
}
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28. Output of the Infinite Loop
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29. Switch Case programming
The switch statement is used in C++
programming for testing if a variable is
equal to one of a set of values. The
variable must be an integer, i.e. integral or
non-fractional. The programmer can
specify the actions taken for each case of
the possible values the variable can have.
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30. Example of Switch Case
#include <stdlib.h>
statement
#include <stdio.h>
int main(void) {
int n;
printf("Please enter a number: ");
scanf("%d", &n);
switch (n) {
case 1: {
printf("n is equal to 1!n");
break;
}
case 2: {
printf("n is equal to 2!n");
break;
}
case 3: {
printf("n is equal to 3!n");
break;
}
default: {
printf("n isn't equal to 1, 2, or 3.n");
break;
}
}
system("PAUSE");
return 0;
}
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41. Explanation
• The Switch case program shown above
will ask for a number and a letter an
distinguish if it is available in the program.
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42. DEV C++ PROGRAMMING
Submitted By: Baylon, Gerone Vianca Q.
http://www.slideshare.net/upload?
from_source=loggedin_newsfeed
Submitted To: Mr. Erwin Globio
http://eglobiotraining.com/
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