1. 16 Tenses
By Victoria Trinita

2. Present Simpe Tense
Use: To talk about habitual action.
Forms:
Statement: S + base verb (-s/-es) + obj./compl.
Negative: S + do/does + not + base verb + obj./compl.
Interrogative: do/does + S + base verb + obj./compl ?
Negative Interrogative: don’t/doesn’t + S + base verb + obj./compl.
?

3. Examples
 I like hamburger.
 I don’t Iike hamburger.
 Do I like hamburger?
 Don’t I like hamburger?

4. Present Continuous Tense
Use: To talk about something which is going on at the moment
of speaking.
Forms:
Statement: S + am/is/are + present participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + am/is/are + not + present participle + obj./compl.
Interrogative: am/is/are + S + present participle + obj./compl ?
Negative Interrogative: am/is/are + S + not + present participle
?

5. Examples
 I am eating hamburger.
 I am not eating hamburger.
 Am I eating hamburger?
 Am I not eating hamburger?

6. Present Perfect Tense
Use: To talk about experiences.
Forms:
Statement: S + has/have + past participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + has/have + not + past participle + obj./compl.
Interrogative: has/have+ S + past participle + obj./compl ?
Negative Interrogative: has/have + not + S + past participle ?

7. Examples
 I have eaten hamburger.
 I haven’t eaten hamburger.
 Have I eaten hamburger?
 Haven’t I eaten hamburger?

8. Present Perfect Continuous
Use: To talk about unexpected/unwanted result which can be
seen in present time.
Forms:
Statement: S + has/have + been + present participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + has/have + not + been + present participle +
obj./compl.
Interrogative: has/have+ S + been + present participle +
obj./compl ?
Negative Interrogative: has/have + not + S + been + present
participle ?

9. Examples
 I have been eating hamburger.
 I have not been eating hamburger.
 Have I been eating hamburger?
 Haven’t I been eating hamburger?

10. Past Simple Tense
Use: To talk about the past.
Forms:
Statement: S + past verb + obj./compl.
Negative: S +did + not + base verb + obj./compl.
Interrogative: did + S + base verb + obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: didn’t + S + base verb + obj./compl. ?

11. Examples
 I ate hamburger.
 I didn’t eat hamburger.
 Did I eat hamburger?
 Didn’t I eat hamburger?

12. Past Continuous Tense
Use: To talk about something that was going on at a specific
time in the past.
Forms:
Statement: S + was/were + present participle+ obj./compl.
Negative: S + was/were + not + present participle+ obj./compl.
Interrogative: was/were + S + present participle+ obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: wasn’t/weren’t + S + present participle +
obj./compl. ?

13. Examples
 I was eating hamburger yesterday.
 I wasn’t eating hamburger yesterday.
 Was I eating hamburger yesterday?
 Wasn’t I eating hamburger yesterday?

14. Past Perfect Tense
Use: To talk about action which had completed before another
action started.
Forms:
Statement: S + had + past participle + obj./compl.

15. Examples
 I had locked the doors before I left.
 I had unlocked the doors before I came in.
 I had eaten hamburger before I threw up.
 I had eaten sandwich before I went to
school.

16. Past Perfect Continuous
Use: To explain how long an action had been happening before
another action happened.
Forms:
Statement: S + had + been + present participle + obj./compl.

17. Examples
 I was out of breath when I came in because
I had been jogging.
 I had stayed there for a month before I
moved here.
 My eyes were puffy because I had been
crying.

18. Future Simple Tense
Use: To talk about predictions.
Forms:
Statement: S + will + base verb + obj./compl.
Negative: S + will + not + base verb + obj./compl.
Interrogative: will+ S + base verb + obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: will + S + not + base verb + obj./compl.
?

19. Examples
 I will eat hamburger.
 I won’t eat hamburger.
 Will I eat hamburger?
 Won’t I eat hamburger?

20. Future Continuous Tense
Use: To talk about unfinished action that will be in progress later.
Forms:
Statement: S + will + be + present participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + will + not + be + present participle + obj./compl.
Interrogative: will + S + be + present participle + obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: will +S + not + be + present participle +
obj./compl.

21. Examples
 I will be eating hamburger.
 I won’t be eating hamburger.
 Will I be eating hamburger?
 Won’t I be eating hamburger?

22. Future Perfect Tense
Use: To talk about an action that will already be completed in a
certain time in the future.
Forms:
Statement: S + will have + past participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + will not have + past participle + obj./compl.
Interrogative: will + S + have + past participle + obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: won’t +S + have + past participle +
obj./compl. ?

23. Examples
 I will have eaten hamburger tomorrow
afternoon.
 I won’t have eaten hamburger tomorrow
afternoon.
 Will I have eaten hamburger tomorrow
afternoon?
 Won’t I have eaten hamburger tomorrow
afternoon?

24. Future Perfect Continuous
Use: To talk about duration of an activity that will be in progress
before another time event in the future.
Forms:
Statement: S + will have + been + present participle +
obj./compl.
Negative: S + won’t have + been + present participle +
obj./compl.
Interrogative: will + S + have + been + present participle +
obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: won’t +S + have +been + present

25. Examples
 I will have been eating hamburger.
 I won’t have been eating hamburger.
 Will I have been eating hamburger?
 Won’t I have been eating hamburger?

26. Past Future Simple
Forms:
Statement: S + should/would + be + obj./compl.
Negative: S + should/would + not + be + obj./compl.
Interrogative: should/would + S + be + obj. /compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: shouldn’t/wouldn’t + S + be + obj.
/compl. ?

27. Examples
 I should be in Jakarta next month.
 I shouldn’t be in Jakarta next month.
 Should I be in Jakarta next month?
 Shouldn’t I be in Jakarta next month?

28. Past Future Continuous
Tense
Forms:
Statement: S + would + be + present participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + would + not + be + present participle +
obj./compl.
Interrogative: would + S + be + present participle + obj. /compl.
?
Negative Interrogative: wouldn’t + S + be + present participle +
obj. /compl. ?

29. Examples
 I would be eating hamburger.
 I wouldn’t be eating hamburger.
 Would I be eating hamburger?
 Wouldn’t I be eating hamburger?

30. Past Future Perfect Tense
Forms:
Statement: S + would + have + past participle + obj./compl.
Negative: S + would + not + have + past participle + obj./compl.
Interrogative: would + S + have + past participle + obj. /compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: wouldn’t + S + have + past participle +
obj. /compl. ?

31. Examples
 I would have eaten hamburger last week.
 I wouldn’t have eaten hamburger last week.
 Would I have eaten hamburger last week?
 Wouldn’t I have eaten hamburger last
week?

32. Past Future Perfect Continuous
Tense
Forms:
Statement: S + would + have + been + present participle +
obj./compl.
Negative: S + would + have + not + been + present participle +
obj./compl.
Interrogative: would + S + have + been + present participle +
obj./compl. ?
Negative Interrogative: wouldn’t + S + have + been + present
participle + obj. /compl. ?

33. Examples
 I would have been eating hamburger.
 I wouldn’t have been eating hamburger.
 Would I have been eating hamburger?
 Wouldn’t I have been eating hamburger?