basic life support for 1st year Bsc nursing student

1. MR. VIKAS PATIDAR
M.Sc. 1st YEAR

2. CASE SCENARIO
You are walking on the road and suddenly one person near
by you is collapsed and not responding to your command.
What would be your primary action…?

3. Remove from danger Call for help Start CPR

4. BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
DEFINITION
BLS is a specific level of pre-hospital medical care provided
by trained responders, including emergency medical
technicians, in the absence of advanced medical care.

5. GOAL
 To “save hearts too good to die” while preserving cerebral
viability.
 To take Rapid decisions because Irreversible brain damage
may occur within 4 minutes of cardiac arrest.
Early Access Early CPR early transfer

6. WHY DOES A PERSON BECOME
UNRESPONSIVE
1. Hypovolemia
2. Hyper/ hypokalemia
3. Hypothermia
4. Hypoglycemia
5. Toxicity
6. Thrombosis (coronary)
7. Thrombosis (pulmonary)
8. Trauma
4 H
4 T

7. HOW TO ASSESS THE PERSON
 Make sure the victim & you are safe.
 Check the victim for a response.
 Gently shake his shoulders and ask loudly, ‘Are you all
right?
 IF HE RESPONDS
 Leave him in the position in which you find him provided
there is no further danger.
 Try to find out what is wrong with him and get help if
needed.
 Reassess him regularly
 IF HE DOES NOT RESPOND
• Shout for help.
• Turn the victim supine aligned position or stable side
position.

8. PROTOCOL FOR BASIC LIFE SUPPORT
CAB
1. C COMPRESSIONS
2. A AIRWAY
3. B BREATHING
4. D DEFIBRILATION

9. COMPRESSION
If there is no pulse and no breathing then start chest
compression.
 place heel of one hand on center of chest between the
nipples.
 30 compression and 2 rescue mouth to mouth breathing
 Or 100 compression per minute
 Depth should be 2-2.5 inch after full expunction of chest

10. PLACEMENT OF THE HAND

11. BODY ANGLE FOR COMPRESSION

12. COMPRESSION DEPTH

13. 1. Chin Lift Maneuver. ( do not over extend)
2. Jaw thrust maneuver. (for suspected C spine injury)
3. Manual clearing of mouth & throat
AIRWAY ASSESSMENT

14. If airway is clear and victim is taking afford for
breathing then
Mouth to mouth breathing Mouth to mouth with face mask
Pinch the nose while giving mouth to mouth breathing

15. 4. Intubation
Endo-tracheal Naso-tracheal
If airway is obstructed and breathing is absent then

16. Tracheotomy
If oral and nasal cavity is
obstruct then a temporary
opening is made for oxygen
supply

17. CIRCULATION BREATHING
1. Place the patient in flat surface
and turn head on one side
1. Check carotid pulse for 5-10
second
Assess airway as well as breathing
pattern to save time
Look for chest movement.
Listen for breath sound.
Feel for exiled air.

18. TRANSFER PATIENT TO HOSPITAL
When AED arrived attach to the patient and delivered
shock and shift patient to hospital

19. WHEN WE SHOULD STOP CPR?
1. victim revives
2. trained help arrives
3. unsafe scene
4. cardiac arrest for more than 30 minutes

20. COMPLICATION
1. Vomiting
2. Aspiration
3. fracture of rib / sternum / collar bone
4. Laceration of the liver or spleen
5. Pneumothorax
6. Hemothorax
7. Spinal cord damage

21. WHY BLS MAY FAIL?
 Delay in starting
 Improper procedures (ex. Forget to pinch nose)
 No ACLS follow-up and delay in defibrillation
 Only 15% who receive CPR live to go home
 Improper techniques or compression
 Terminal disease or unmanageable disease
(massive heart attack)

22. RESEARCH
Result :- If AED arrive with in the time survival chances
increase
 1 min arrival chances is 90%
 5min arrival chance is 50%
 10 min arrival chances is 0%
 Every minutes 10% chance is decline

23. ASSIGNMENT
1. Perform BLS in Demo-room as per CAB protocol.

24. MR. VIKAS PATIDAR
MSc. 1st year

25. CASE SCENARIO
If you are working in the post operative ward and you
have to receive one patient from OT so which type
of bed you prepare for that patient.

26. OPERATION BED
Preparing a hospital bed to receive the patient who
has undergone surgical procedure.

27. PURPOSES
 To receive the patient in a warm, and comfortable bed.
 To give him necessary position, which is suitable for the
operation.
 To protect the patient from being chilled.
 To be prepared to meet any emergency.
 To protect the mattress and bedding from bleeding, vomiting,
drainage or discharges

28. ARTICLES

30. PROCEDURE
1. PRE PROCEDURE :- preparation of environment / articles /
patient
2. INTRA- PROCEDURE:- explain the procedure to the patient
and provide comfortable position as per surgery and comfort
devices
1. POST PROCEDURE :- replace the articles and assure patient
comfort & documentation and reporting

31. NURSING RESPONSIBILITY
 Prepare the foundation of the bed as in open bed
 Place extra mackintosh and towel at the head end
 The foot end of the top linen is left untouched. They are folded
back evenly with the mattress.
 Take vitals sign every hourly
 Pillow is not used but can be kept at the head end
 Assist in the dressing and maintain aseptic precaution

32. CONT…..
 Record input/output of the patient
 Check for soakage and dressing
 Provide comfortable position and change position
 Assisting patient in feeding and elimination
 Provide warmer in case of hypothermia
 Additional pillows if used should be protected with water proof covers
 Rinse and replace the dusters and basin
 Wash hands
 Documentation of vital sign