Wsn sarada-univ-02-03-13-final-2

Dr. SRN Reddy, Email id:rammallik@yahoo.com
Overview of WSN
Implementations
And role of Smart Phones

Agenda
WSN in Education and R&D –Mek
WSN and its types
Smart Phone as a Sensor(s)
Demo –A practical Implementation
Other Implementations
Conclusions

Mobile Education Kit- Mek
Presented By: Mek Team ,IGIT Delhi

Introduction
Mobile Devices are used for several purpose
 Calling
 SMS
 Entertainment
 Social Networking
 Internet
Use of Mobile for
 learning
 teaching and
 R&D is a new experience

Existing System
 Lack of quality practical technical education.
 More focus on the theoretical knowledge
 Need Immense training to make the students productive
 Lack of practical training on emerging technologies like Mobile
Architecture, RTOS, WSN etc
 Leads the problem to the industry for training and more time to
market
 5,50,000 engineering graduates passing out every year but
unfortunately only 10% to 25% of them are readily employed by
any Technology firm while it is roughly 15% for back-office jobs.[1]
 Stronger coordination between campuses and companies is
needed.[1]

Mobile Education Kit-Mek
Mobile Education Kit – Mek is a platform which bridges
the gap between theory and practices among the student
through a set of experiment related to ICT subjects taught in
there undergraduate and post-graduate program.
We provide them resources in term of –
 Ebooks
 Web-links
 Blogs, technical papers and
 Mobile apps
Development Platforms -
 Linux
 Nokia OS (S 40 series)
 Windows Phone

Objectives
VISION
To impact quality of technical education by bridging the gap
between theory and practice in teaching/learning of various
ICT subjects using the ubiquitous mobile devices as the new
pedagogical platform.[2]
MISSION
Develop a practical teaching and learning environment that
provides comprehensive set of guides and experiments,
catering to the needs of Computer Science, Electronics and
Information & Telecommunication technologies, by making
use of modern computing platforms and make it freely
accessible through : www.mobileeducationkit.net [2]

Subject Considered
Dr. SRN Reddy Email id:rammallik@yahoo.com
Experiments for
 Mobile Computing
 Image Processing
 Embedded System
 Sensor and Sensor’s Network
 Computer Graphics
 Database Management System

Experiment Design Template
Name of Experiment: Exp No:
Background:
Summary:
Target Platform:
Procedure:
Source Code Comment
Screenshots
Observation:

Experiment Design Template -
Example

Sensor & Sensor’s Network
Done To be Done
Display Accelerometer Proximity
GPS Gyroscope
Compass

WNN Node:
Radio Components
Processors
Storage
Sensing Unit

Basic Components of a Sensor
Node

Types of Sensor Networks
Based on the location:
 Terrestrial WSN
 Underground WSN
 Underwater WSN
 Multi-media WSN
 Mobile WSN

Terrestrial WSN
A network consists of hundreds to thousands of sensor nodes deployed on
land
Challenges :
 Finding the optimal route
 Distributing energy consumption
 Maintaining network connectivity
 Eliminating redundancy
 Reduce the amount of data communication
Applications :
Environmental sensing and monitoring
Industrial monitoring
Surface explorations

Underground WSN
A network consists of wireless sensor nodes deployed in caves or mines or
underground
Challenges :
 Expensive deployment
 Maintenance
 Equipment cost
Applications :
 Agriculture Monitoring
 Landscape Management
 Underground Structural Monitoring
 Underground Environment Monitoring of Soil, Water or Mineral
 Military Border Monitoring

Underwater WSN
Network consists of wireless sensor and vehicles deployed into the
ocean environment
Challenges:
 Expensive underwater sensors
 Hardware failure due to environment effects (e.g., corrosion)
 Battery power cannot easily be replaced
 Sparse deployment and Limited bandwidth
Applications:
 Pollution monitoring
 Undersea surveillance and exploration
 Disaster prevention monitoring
 Seismic monitoring
 Equipment monitoring
 Underwater robotics

Multi-media WSN
A network consists of wireless sensor devices that have the ability to store,
process, and retrieve multi-media data such as video, audio, and images.
Challenges:
 In-network processing, filtering, and compressing of multi-media
High energy consumption and bandwidth demand
Deployment based on multi-media equipment coverage
Flexible architecture to support different applications
Must integrate various wireless technologies
QoS provisioning is very difficult due to link capacity and delays
Effective cross-layer design
Applications :
Enhancement to existing WSN applications such as tracking and monitoring.

Mobile WSN
A network consists of mobile sensor nodes with ability to move
Challenges:
 Navigating and controlling mobile nodes
 Must self-organized
 Localization with mobility
 Minimize energy cost
 Maintaining network connectivity
 In-network data processing
 Data distribution and Mobility management
 Minimize energy usage in locomotion
 Maintain adequate sensing coverage
Applications :
 Environmental and Habitat monitoring
 Military surveillance and Target tracking
 Underwater monitoring

WNS Applications[2]
Thanking You

Issues in WSN[1]
Thanking You

Protocol Architecture
Dr. SRN Reddy Email:rammallik@yahoo.com

WSN vs MANET
WSN MANET
Similarity Wireless Network Multi-hop wireless
networking
Security Symmetric Key Cryptography Public Key Cryptography
Routing
Protocols
Support specialized traffic
pattern. Cannot afford to have
too many node states and
packet overhead
Support any node pairs
Some source routing and
distance vector protocol
incur heavy control traffic
Use of
Resource
Tighter resources (power,
processor speed, bandwidth)
Not as tight.

Sensors in a Smart Phone
• Compass
• Image sensor
• Fingerprint sensor
• Moisture sensor
• Tactile sensor
• Temperature sensor
• Proximity sensor
• Accelerometer sensor
• Light sensor

Need of On device Sensors
•Satisfies the needs of the customers
•All the relevant information required for me
•More intelligent and has more
computational and communication power
•More services
•Cheaper solutions with integration
•More Apps

Mobile Phone Worked as a Sensor
node in Health Monitoring[2]

Nokia Lumia 800
Windows Phone
Sensors

Accelerometer
•The accelerometer is a built-in electronic component that measures tilt
and motion.
•The Accelerometer sensor detects the force of gravity along with
reference to the movement of the phone.
•It can detect the rotation and motion gestures such as swinging or
shaking.
•Applications:
―Screen rotation from portrait to landscape or vice-versa.
―Enriching the game controls.
―Controlling the mobile device music player with gesture:-
Mute an incoming call
Silence an alarm or pause the mobile music player simply by
turning the device face down.

Demo on Accelerometer
• Display the motion of device in 3D plane represented by three
lines (Red, Blue, Green) along x, y, z axis.
– Red color line represents the movement along x-axis.
– Green color line represents the movement along y-axis.
– Blue color line represents the movement along z-axis.
• Get the values of changing coordinates, in each x, y and z plane
based on the Accelerometer.
• Major function-
– TimeBetweenUpdates=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(20);
– CurrentValueChanged+=new
EventHandler<SensorReadingEventArgs<AccelerometerReading>>
– Vector 3 acceleration=e.SensorReading.Accleration;
– X=acceleration.X.ToString();
– Y=acceleration.Y.ToString();
– Z=acceleration.Z.ToString();

Compass (Magnetometer)
• Compass or magnetometer sensor used to determine the
angle by which the device is rotated relative to the Earth’s
magnetic north pole.
• Use raw magnetometer readings to detect magnetic
forces around the device.
• It senses orientation relative to the Earth's magnetic field
using the Hall Effect.
• To measure strength, orientation, and direction of
magnetic field.
Devices: Nokia N97, Nokia E72, Lumia 800 etc
Applications : - Auto rotate your digital maps depending on
your physical orientation and helps to the
find direction in an easy way.

Demo on Compass
• Display the Magnetic Heading values in terms of
radian.
• Red line represents the movement of device along
the Earth’s magnetic field.
• Needle is always pointing towards the North
direction.
• Major Function:
– DispatcherTimer.Interval=TimeSpan.FromMilliseconds(
30);
– CurrentValueChanged+=new
EventHandler<SensorReadingEventArgs<CompassReadi
ng>>
– magneticHeading=e.SensorReading.MagneticHeading;
– trueHeading=e.SensorReading.TrueHeading;

Proximity
• A proximity sensor in a mobile phone detects the presence of
users’ body and deactivates the display and touch pad of phone
when it is brought near the face during a call.
Applications:
Save battery power by switching off the display.
• Prevent unintentional touch during call progress.
• Proximity Sensor can turn off the screen to avoid accidental
touch of the screen by ear.
• Pause the activity in the middle, when mobile is brought near
to the face/ear and resume previous activity when it brought
away from the human body.
Devices: Lumia 800

GPS
• GPS sensor detects the location of smart
phone.
• Work on the triangulation method.
• Connection of 3 satellites is required 2D
fix(longitude, latitude) and 4 satellite for 3D
fix(altitude).
• Precision: 20-50m, Maximum precision: 10m
Application:
Locating the own position on the digital map.
Finding the way to desired destination.
Navigation by following the GPS navigator.

Demo on GPS
• This demo gives you the latitude, longitude and
altitude information in text.
• This experiment shows the actual geo-location of
the device.
• Major Function:
– GeoCoordinateWatcher geoWatcher=new
GeoCoordinateWatcher;
– PositionChanged+=new
EventHandler<GeoPositionChangedEventArgs<GeoCoo
rdinate>>
– Latitude=e.Position.Location.Latitude;
– Longitude=e.Position.Location.Longitude;
– Altitude=e.Position.Location.Altitude;

Techtile Sensor
• Tactile sensor is a device that is sensitive to
touch, force, and pressure.
• Capacitive touch screen phones use touch
switch, one of the kinds of tactile sensors.
• Touch switches detect the presence of
finger or hand as well as stylus.

Temperature Sensor
• Temperature sensor senses the heat level.
• It is mainly for the safety of the device
component.
• On exceeding the threshold value for the
heating, the sensors automatically warned
a user and shutdown the device.

Image Sensor
• Image sensor converts an optical image into an electric
signal.
• Two types of Image Sensor
– charge-coupled device (CCD)
– metal-oxide-semiconductor active pixel sensor (CMOS APS)
• CMOS APS is mostly used in a mobile phone camera to
sense images.
• CCD is very good for digital imaging and is mainly used
in professional, medical, and scientific applications,
where there is need of high quality image.
Example-Spice Mobiles has launched S-1200 with
professional CCD sensor

Future Sensors
• Biometrics Sensors
Fingerprint recognition
Face recognition
Iris pattern recognition
Voice recognition
Example- Motorola Atrix will be the first
phone to come with finger print
technology.

GSM-Bluetooth enabled Remote
Monitoring and Control System

Irrigation system using
GSM-Bluetooth

Implementation of Wireless Sensor
Network by using Mobile Device

HumanSense: Towards context aware
sensing, inference and actuation for
applications in Energy and Healthcare

Conclusions
Mek can be used as a tool for WNS
On Device Sensor(s) can be adopted for
Practical implementations
 Low cost sensing solutions
HumanSense

References
1. Jennifer Yick, Biswanath Mukherjee, Dipak Ghosal, “Wireless sensor
network survey”, Computer Networks 52 (2008) 2292–2330
2. I.F. Akyildiz, W. Su*, Y Sankarasubramaniam, E Cayirci , “Wireless
sensor networks: a survey”, Computer Networks 38 (2002) 393–422
3. National Programme on Technology Enhanced (NPTEL)
Learning http://nptel.iitm.ac.in/
4. Virtual Labs http://www.vlab.co.in/
5. MIT http://www.mit.edu/
6. http://mobiledeviceinsight.com/2011/12/sensors-in-smartphones/
7. http://india-mobilewatch.blogspot.in/2011/06/sensors-
components-that-make-phone.html

Thanking
You
Requires Your Feed Back
&
Support for
http://www.mobileeducationkit.net

Wsn sarada-univ-02-03-13-final-2

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Wsn sarada-univ-02-03-13-final-2