A few Radiological methods of tumor diagnosis and treatment.

1. MALIGNANT TUMORS OF THE
BRAIN
VISITH DANTANARAYANA
GROUP 301

3. CANCEROUS TUMORS
• PRIMARY CORRESPONDS TO THE TUMORS
ORIGINATING IN THE BRAIN.
• SECONDARY CORRESPONDS TO THE
METASTASIS OF TUMORS INTO THE BRAIN.
PRIMARY SECONDARY

4. RADIOLOGICAL ARRAY
• BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY CATEGORIES
COMPRISE MALIGNANT TUMORS.
• BUT RADIOLOGICALLY THEY HAVE CERTAIN CRITERIA,
CRUCIAL FOR THEIR DISTINGUISHED IDENTIFICATION.
• BOTH PRIMARY AND SECONDARY TUMORS ARE
HYPERDENSIVE MASSES.
• HOWEVER, PRIMARY TUMORS HAVE CLEAR UNEVEN
BORDERS WHEREAS THE SECONDARY ONES HAVE
CLEAR EVEN BORDERS, SO TO SPEAK.
• METASTATIC TUMORS USUALLY EMBOLDEN MORE
THAN ONE MALIGNANT PROCESS.

6. SEVERITY

7. POSSIBLE SYMPTOMS
• HEADACHE
• SEIZURES
• VOMITING
• AND EVENTUALLY SYNCOPE MAY DEVELOP

8. MALIGNANT AND BENIGN TUMORS
A MALIGNANT TUMOR WITH CEREBRAL
HAEMORRHAGE.

9. Along with traditional surgery and radiation, another effective therapy is
photodynamic therapy (PDT). By combining a photosynthesizer and a specific
light, PDT is able to be relatively selective and specific for certain types of
tumors. The benefits of PDT include:
- No negative interaction with other ongoing therapies
- Does not cause immuno-suppression (a weakening of the immune system)
- Not toxic
- Short treatment time, results in 48-72 hours.

10. GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME
• GLIOBLASTOMA MULTIFORME IS THE MOST AGGRESSIVE
(GRADE IV) AND MOST COMMON FORM OF A MALIGNANT
BRAIN TUMOR.
• EVEN WHEN AGGRESSIVE MULTIMODALITY THERAPY
CONSISTING OF RADIOTHERAPY, CHEMOTHERAPY, AND
SURGICAL EXCISION IS USED, MEDIAN SURVIVAL IS ONLY 12–
17 MONTHS.

11. OLIGODENDROGLIOMA
A MALIGANT TYPE OF GLIOMA THAT ARE
BELIEVED TO ORIGINATE FROM THE
OLIGODENDROCYTES OF THE BRAIN OR FROM
PRECURSORS.

12. IMAGING AS THE MAIN MEANS OF
DIAGNOSIS
• INVASIVE METHODS –
PNEUMOENCEPHALOGRAPHY
• NON INVASIVE METHODS –
CT SCAN, AND MRI
THE INVASIVE PNEUMOENCEPHALOGRAPHY IS NOT IN USE DUE TO ITS HIGH INVASIVE
QUALITY REQUIRING THE DRAINAGE OF CSF FROM AROUND THE BRAIN AND INJECTING
AIR.

14. RADIOLOGICAL TREATMENTS
• GAMMA KNIFE RADIATION THERAPY
WHEN THE MALIGNANT TUMOR IS VIRTUALLY
INACCESSIBLE WITH THE AID OF A SCALPEL OR ANY
OTHER SURGICAL INSTRUMENT.

15. STEOTACTIC SURGERY
• MINIMAL INVASIVENESS
• ACCURATE FOR SMALL MALIGNANT TUMORS
DIAGNOSED AT AN EARLY STAGE.

16. THANK YOU