menjelaskan tentang grammar degree of comparison (perbandingan)

1. Dinas Pendidikan, Pemuda dan Olahraga
2011/2012

2. • Rama’s mango is sweet
• Hari’s mango is sweeter than Rama’s
• Govind’s mango is the sweetest of all
If you want to know
the answer

3. There are 3 levels for Degrees
of Comparison
• Positive Degree
• Comperative Degree
• Superlative Degree

4. Formation of Comparative and Superlative
Most Adjectives of one syllable, and some of more
than one, form the Comparative by adding er and the
Superlative by adding est to the Positive.
Positive Comparative Superlative
Sweet Sweeter Sweetest
Small Smaller Smallest
Tall Taller Tallest
Clever Cleverer Cleverest
Young Younger Youngest
Great Greater Greatest

5. When the Positive ends in e, only r and st are added.
Positive Comperative Superlative
Brave Braver Bravest
Nice Nicer Nicest
Fine Finer Finest
Large Larger Largest
When the Positive ends in y, preceded by a consonant,
the y is changed into i before adding er and est.
Positive Comperative Superlative
Happy Happier Happiest
Easy Easier Easiest
Heavy Heavier Heaviest
Dry Drier Driest

6. When the Positive is a word of one syllable and ends in
a single consonant, preceded by a short vowel, this
consonant is doubled before adding er and est.
Positive Comperative Superlative
Big Bigger Biggest
Hot Hotter Hottest
Thin Thinner Thinnest
Sad Sadder Saddest
Adjectives of more than two syllables form the Comparative
and Superlative by putting more and most before the Positive
Positive Comperative Superlative
Beautiful More beautiful Most beautiful
Difficult More difficult Most difficult
Famous More famous Most famous
Useful More useful Most useful

7. When the Positive ends in y, preceded by a vocal, the y is not
changed into i before adding er and est.
Positive Comperative Superlative
Gay Gayer Gayest
Coy Coyer Coyest
Grey Greyer Greyest
The following take either er and est or more and most :
Examples :
polite simple gentle feeble narrow
cruel common handsome pleasant stupid
She is politer than her sister → She is more polite than her sister
He is the politest of them → He is the most polite of them

8. IRREGULAR COMPARISON
The following Adjectives are compared irregulary, that is, their
Comparative and Superlative are not formed from Positive:
Positive Comperative Superlative
Good, well Better Best
Bad, evil, ill Worse Worst
Little Less, lesser Least
Much More Most (quantity)
Many More Most (number)
Late Later, latter Latest, last
Old Older, elder Oldest, eldest

9. There is a six-word adverbs (adverb) in the form of positive
degrees, but the adjectives (adj) in the form of comparative
and superlative :
Positive Comperative Superlative
Far Farther Fartherst
Neath Nether Nethermost
(Fore) (Foremer) Formest, first
(In) (inner) Inmost, innermost
(Up) (upper) Upmost, uppermost
(Out) Outer, (utter) Utmost, uttermost

10. GOOD BYE