1. 1© 2010 Macademia
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
TODAY’S TOPIC:
Concept and Contents Copyright Macademia 2010; Copyright on pictures as indicated; no unauthorized use or publication
Funding Policies
(and a glance at Biopower)

2. 2© 2010 Macademia
Where are we now?
Policies &
BiopowerSolar PV Funding
Solar
Thermal
SHP & Wind
Interview
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
Future
Challenges

3. 3© 2010 Macademia
What we will cover
• A Glance at Biopower
• Political Support for Renewables
• International Climate Change Policy
• Before COP 18: Interview with Alex Saier
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

4. 4© 2010 Macademia
Your visiting scholar today:Your visiting scholar today:
Alexander Saier, United Nations Framework Convention
on Climate Change
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

5. 5© 2010 Macademia
• Typical forms and systems
• Use of Biopower over milleniums
• The Return with cleaner technologies
• Main Types of Energy Conversion processes
11 A Glance at Biopower
Our Schedule for Today
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

6. 6© 2010 Macademia
• National Targets
• Measures and Policy Instruments used
• The Debate on the advantages and disadvantages
212 Political Support for Renewables
Our Schedule for Today
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

7. 7© 2010 Macademia
• The process under the Framework Convention
• Tailwind for Renewable Energy Technologies
• Interview with Alexander Saier, UNFCCC
3 International Climate Policy
Our Schedule for Today
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

8. 8© 2010 Macademia
A Country
Before we start…
B Data
C Business
• News from the Forum, Feedback from last session
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

9. 9© 2010 Macademia
• Large variety of forms: solid, liquid, gaseous
• In contrast to other Renewables closely linked to
industries
- farming
- agriculture
- forestry
11 A glance at Biopower
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

10. 10© 2010 Macademia
• Generation of heat and light by burning firewood
• Traditionally based on direct combustion
• Industrialization led to replacement by fossil fuels
• Still the most dominant form of heat generation in many
developing regions
11 Milleniums of traditional use
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

11. 11© 2010 Macademia
11 The return of Biopower
• More sophisticated applications with modern technology
• Used for transport, heat and electricity generation
• Crucial advantage: inherent energy storage
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010

12. 12© 2010 Macademia
11 Bioenergy: Environmental Impacts
• Potential impacts of Biopower
- Organic particulate matter, carbon monoxide, other gases
- Negative impacts of energy crops investigated
- Importance of transport: potential negative impact on net
energy production and carbon footprint
- Use of Land and Water resources
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
Source: IEA, Renewables for Power Generation

13. 13© 2010 Macademia
11 Bioenergy: Environmental Impacts
• Potential impacts of Biopower
- Very suitable and competitive depending on region
- CO²-neutral life-cycle, possibility of closed mineral and
nitrogen cycles
- Low-investment for co-firing of existing plants
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
Source: IEA, Renewables for Power Generation

14. 14© 2010 Macademia
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
12 Political Support for Renewables
• Measures to reach objectives
- Tax incentives
- Quota legislation
- Feed-in tariffs

15. 15© 2010 Macademia
3213 The International Process
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
• Many levels of action
- City, region, state and national level
- European Union, ASEAN countries
- International / United Nations’, OECD’ level

16. 16© 2010 Macademia
3213 The International Process
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010
• The most prominent example: Climate Change
- 1992 United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change
- 1997 Kyoto Protocol to the Convention (2005 entry into force)
- Several attempts to negotiation a successor agreement with
binding absolute targets for major economies
- Failure of Copenhagen summit December 2009

17. 17© 2010 Macademia
• Discussion with Alexander Saier, UNFCCC
3213 Interview with our expert
Session # 7 – November 24, 2010