As the rate of change speeds up, it is likely that some technology or business somewhere/somehow has or will disrupt you and what you are doing. While it may be overdramatic to term these disruptions a “Black Swan”, it is reasonable to assume that as the world grows in complexity, our working lives will be disrupted (if it hasn’t already happened) by some technological “innovation”. In education, many have argued that emergent technologies are going to disrupt the way that schools and universities go about their business. This presentation will introduce you to some of the techniques used by these futurists, survey some of the recent presentations and articles about education and technology and attempt to sketch out some of the scenarios for education that may lie on the near horizon.
7. 3D Video Electronic Publishing Smart Objects
Alternative Licensing Game-Based Learning Social Media
Augmented Reality Geolocation Social Networking
Cellular Networks Gesture-Based Statistical Machine Translation
Computing
Cloud Computing Tablet Computing
Learning Analytics
Collaborative Environments Location-Based Services Tagging
Collective Intelligence Mobiles & Mobile Apps Telepresence
Crowd Sourcing New Scholarship Thin Film Displays
Digital Identity Open Content Virtual Worlds
Personal Learning
Digital Preservation Visual Data Analysis
Environments
Semantic Applications Wireless Power
33. Credits
Thank You • Images – Flickr CC
• Scenarios adapted from
By Derek Moore
@weblearning
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presentation at the
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Notas del editor
Cyberspace was restricted to our computer terminalsWe had phone listings instead of web pagesPrivacy was real and people could actually get lostWe went out to socialize, work, and conduct commerce
"This 'telephone' has too many shortcomings to be seriously considered as a means of communication. The device is inherently of no value to us." -- Western Union internal memo, 1876 "The wireless music box has no imaginable commercial value. Who would pay for a message sent to nobody in particular?" -- David Sarnoff's associates in response to his urgings for investment in the radio in the 1920s.
Environmental scanning can be defined as ‘the study and interpretation of the political, economic, social and technological events and trends which influence a business, an industry or even a total market’.[2] The factors which need to be considered for environmental scanning are events, trends, issues and expectations of the different interest groups. Issues are often forerunners of trend breaks. A trend break could be a value shift in society, a technological innovation that might be permanent or a paradigm change. Issues are less deep-seated and can be 'a temporary short-lived reaction to a social phenomenon'.[3] A trend can be defined as an ‘environmental phenomenon that has adopted a structural character’.[4]
In the history of technology, emerging technologies are contemporary advances and innovation in various fields of technology. Various converging technologies have emerged in the technological convergence of different systems evolving towards similar goals. Convergence can refer to previously separate technologies such as voice (and telephony features), data (and productivity applications) and video that now share resources and interact with each other, creating new efficiencies.Emerging technologies are those technical innovations which represent progressive developments within a field for competitive advantage;[1] converging technologies represent previously distinct fields which are in some way moving towards stronger inter-connection and similar goals. However, the opinion on the degree of impact, status and economic viability of several emerging and converging technologies vary.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emerging_technologies
The term creative destruction, sometimes known as "Schumpeter's gale" (see below), has since the 1950s become most readily identified with the Austrian-American economist Joseph Schumpeter,[1] who adapted it from the work of Karl Marx and popularized it as a theory of economic innovation and the business cycle. The term is derived from Marxisteconomic theory, where it refers to the linked processes of the accumulation and annihilation of wealth under capitalism. These processes were first described in The Communist Manifesto (Marx and Engels, 1848)[2] and were expanded in Marx's Grundrisse (1857)[3] and "Volume IV" (1863) of Das Kapital.[4]http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Creative_destruction
A disruptive innovation is an innovation that helps create a new market and value network, and eventually goes on to disrupt an existing market and value network (over a few years or decades), displacing an earlier technology. The term is used in business and technology literature to describe innovations that improve a product or service in ways that the market does not expect, typically first by designing for a different set of consumers in the new market and later by lowering prices in the existing market.http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Disruptive_innovationhttp://www.pcworld.com/article/143474-10/the_10_most_disruptive_technology_combinations.htmlhttp://thenextweb.com/insider/2011/11/13/clayton-christensen-why-online-education-is-ready-for-disruption-now/
he black swan theory or theory of black swan events is a metaphor that encapsulates the concept that an event is a surprise (to the observer) and has a major impact. After the fact, the event is rationalized by hindsight.The theory was developed by Nassim Nicholas Taleb to explain:The disproportionate role of high-impact, hard-to-predict, and rare events that are beyond the realm of normal expectations in history, science, finance and technologyThe non-computability of the probability of the consequential rare events using scientific methods (owing to the very nature of small probabilities)The psychological biases that make people individually and collectively blind to uncertainty and unaware of the massive role of the rare event in historical affairsUnlike the earlier philosophical "black swan problem", the "black swan theory" refers only to unexpected events of large magnitude and consequence and their dominant role in history. Such events, considered extreme outliers, collectively play vastly larger roles than regular occurrences.[1]
The underlying assumption of such models is that any future change is a continuation of the direction and rate of present trends among a limited number of social, technological, economic, and political variables. Thus, the future for the institution is assumed to reflect the past and present or, in essence, to be "surprise-free." However, we know that this is not true, and the further we plan into the future, the less it will be true.
Schools are rare and distantInformation is plentiful and nearARBack channelsMoocsAccreditationLibrary: media production campProfessional development
Decay sets in,chronic popular discontnetSTEM fieldScholarly publication
Alt.residentialOnline/blended learning is the new normalResidential education a nichedMentor is a big positionClasses are outsourcesClassrooms are in studio modeMaker culture is the normalUnique campus
RenaissanceStorytelling is normativeGaming is part of mainstream cultureInterface change
ExtrapolationEnvironmental Scanning
Making sense of the changes around usMaking progress in an increasingly unfamiliar world