2. Subtitle that we study last
lesson
How blood pressure is regulated
The circulatory system in human , fish
and amphibians
The necessity for blood clotting
Blood clotting
Problem related to blood clotting
3. The lymphatic system
Formation and composition of interstitial fluid
The pressure is enough to cause fluid
to leak from the blood into the space
between the cells.
The fluid is known as interstitial fluid.
Important for the exchange of
materials between blood and cell
Question……
What consists in the Interstitial fluid?
4. Interstitial fluid consists of water,
dissolved nutrients, hormones,waste
product from blood.
Does not contain R.B.C and platelets---
-too large to pass through capillaries
,but contain W.B.C can immersed
through the openings between capillary
cells.
5. About 85%of the fluid that leaves the
blood at arterial end of the capillary re-
enter at the venous end.
The interstitial fluid must returned to
the circulatory system to maintain the
normal blood volume.
About 15% of the fluid that still remains
in the interstitial space.(4 litre fluid lost
each day)
The fluid loss is returned to the blood
through the lymphatic system.
7. The Lymphatic System
Lymphatic system is a one –way
system consisting lymph capillaries,
larger lymphatic vessels and lymph
nodes.
Lymph capillaries are blind-ended
tubes that locates in the spaces
between the cells.
The interstitial fluid that has not been
reabsorbed into the bloodstream goes
into the lymph capillaries.
Once inside the lymph capillaries ,the
fluid is known as lymph.
8. Lymph capillaries converge into larger
lymphatic vessels . Lymphatic vessels
contain valves to prevent the backflow of
the lymph.
Lymph nodes located along that lymphatic
vessels .
They produce and store lymphocytes to
protect the body against infection.
Lymphatic vessels drains into one of the
two main channels that are thoracic duct
and right lymphatic duct.
Question …
Where the thoracic duct and right lymphatic
duct receive lymph?
9. The thoracic duct receive lymph from the left
side of the head ,neck and chest.
The right lymphatic duct from the right arm,
shoulder area, and the right side of the head
and neck.
Thoracic duct empties its lymph into the left
subclavian vein while the right lymphatic duct
empties into the right subclavian vein.
The lymph moves to the subclavian veins with
the help of
(a)one–way valves
(b)contraction of the surrounding skeletal
muscles
(c) intestinal movement
(d)Change in the pressure occur during
inhalation and exhalation
10.
11.
12. The role of the lymphatic system
in transport
Lymphatic system helps maintain the fluid
balance in the body.
If the excess fluid is not returned to the
bloodstream ,the body tissues become swollen
because too much of fluid.
Excessive accumulation of interstitial fluid in the
spaces between the cells is known as oedema.
Oedema may cause by a blocked lymphatic
vessels.
Water and nutrient diffuse from blood capillaries
into the surrounding body tissues.
Lymph capillaries that transport droplets of lipids
and fat-soluble vitamins to the bloodstream are
called lacteals(in the villi of the small intestine).
