1. By Karen Conley

2.  Install battery
 Install memory
 Use the Quickstart guide for identification
purposes
 Set Correct date and time

3.  Find the page in your manual that shows you
an example of the icons that will appear on
your lcd display for different functions – VERY
USEFUL!

4.  Zoom feature – zoom out (w), zoom in (t)
 W stands for wide zoom and t stands for tele
zoom
 Press shutter button halfway for perfect focus
(camera will probably double beep)
 Press shutter button down fully to take
picture
 Use Playback button to view picture
◦ You can zoom in and out while in playback
◦ Pres DISPLAY button to show different views –
thumbnails, etc.

5.  To delete a picture
◦ View the picture in playback and click on the
garbage can
 To delete ALL pictures
◦ Go to playback menu and press the menu button –
select erase – frame or ALL frames

6.  Go into Playback menu
◦ Press your menu key
◦ Select ―protect‖

7. DSLR Mode Dial
Point and Shoot Mode Dial
 Auto – The camera makes the settings. This
is the easiest mode for creating crisp and
clear shots.

8.  Portrait – Use this mode to get beautiful skin
tones and soft overall tone.
◦ DSLR & Point and Shoot Cameras

9.  Natural Light – This mode produces beautiful
images that retain the natural ambience when
shots are taken in low-light conditions. This
mode is also ideal for shooting indoor or
situations where the flash cannot be used.
 Natural – This mode shoots 2 images
continuously without flash and with flash.
◦ This is a feature of my point and shoot camera –
your camera may or may not have this feature

10.  Landscape – Use this mode for shooting
scenery in daylight and to provide crisp, clear
shots of scenery such as buildings and
mountains – flash cannot be used in this
mode.
◦ Used with both DSLR & Point and Shoot Cameras

11.  Sport – Use this mode to take pictures of a
moving subject. It gives priority to faster
shooting speeds.
◦ Used with both DSLR & Point and Shoot Cameras

12.  Night – Use this mode for shooting evening
and night scenes. A picture is taken with a
slow shutter of up to 3 seconds – should use
a tripod to prevent camera shake/blurring.
◦ Used with both DSLR & Point and Shoot Cameras

13.  Fireworks – Use this mode to shoot fireworks. It
is effective for taking more vivid shots of
fireworks with a slow shutter.
◦ This is an available shooting mode on point and shoot
cameras
◦ DSLR‘s don‘t usually have a fireworks mode. On a DSLR
camera – Shutter speeds of ―Bulb‖ and ―Time‖ can be
used for long time-exposure photographs of moving
lights, the stars, night scenery, or fireworks. To prevent
blurring caused by camera shake, use a tripod or an
optional Wireless Remote Control.

14.  Sunset – Use this mode to shoot sunset or
sunrise, making the colors more vivid.

15.  Snow – Use this mode to prevent darkening
images and provide crisp, clear shots, when
shooting a snowy scene where the whole
screen appears white.
 Beach – Use this mode to prevent darkening
images and provide crisp, clear shots, when
shooting at beach under strong sunlight.

16.  Museum – Use this mode for taking pictures
in places such as museums where the use of
flash and making an operation sound and a
shutter sound are restricted. Like a school
concert? Make sure photography IS permitted
– if it says ―no photos‖ in the Museum, it
means ―no photos‖!! 
◦ This is a setting available on my point and shoot
camera, your camera may or may not have this
mode.
◦ Not generally available on DSLR

17.  Party – Use this mode for shooting at indoor
weddings and parties. This mode produces
beautiful images that retain the natural
ambience when shots are taken in low-light
conditions.
◦ Available on most point and shoot cameras
◦ Usually not available on DSLR camera

18.  Flower – Use this mode to take clear close-up
shots when zooming up a flower or plant. It
is effective for taking more vivid shots of a
flower petal.
◦ Available on Point and Shoot Cameras and DSLR
(Use of a tripod is recommended to prevent
blurring.)

19.  Text – Use this mode to shoot documents and
white board text. It is effective for taking
clearer shots of letters.
◦ This is a mode available on my point and shoot
camera – this may or may not be available on your
camera.

20.  Anti-Blur – Picture stabilization. Use this
mode to select a fast shutter speed that
reduces camera shake and moving-subject
blurring.

21.  Manual Mode – Lets the photographer choose
all the settings!

22.  Every photo is made up
of dots. The more dots
you have, the higher
quality your photograph
will be.
 Mega = million
 Pixel = Dots
 Megapixel = million dots
If you multiply the number of pixels across the bottom by
the number of pixels up the side of a photo, you will have
the total number of pixels in the photograph, also known as
resolution.
2048 x 1536 Pixels = 3.1 Million Dots = 3.1 Megapixels

23.  When shopping for cameras, you‘ll notice that
the higher-priced cameras also tend to have
more megapixels. The higher megapixel
cameras allow you to PRINT much larger
images. Professionals and artists need higher
resolution cameras in order to print wall-
sized images with good quality.
 Higher Resolution = More Dots = Higher
Quality = Larger Prints

24.  Digital cameras let the photographer change
resolution settings. The resolution icon can
be found in the menus. Use the arrow keys
to change resolution/quality.

25.  F or fx mode – best to set to 3:2 – you are
still getting the 6 megapixels and this setting
will print perfect 4 x 6 photos – Saves on the
file size so you can fit more on your memory
card (except nowadays since memory card
capacities are so much higher, you usually
don‘t have to worry about how much you can
fit on a card!)

26. Quality Mode Sample uses Number of files
(depending on
memory card)
12M – F(4000 x 3000) Printing at up to 10R 373 to 596
(10 x 12 inches)/ A3
Size
3:2 (4224 x 2816) Printing at up to 10R 596
(10 x 12 inches)/A3
Size
6M (2848 x 2136) Printing at up to 10R 1167
(10 x 12 inches)/A4
Size
3M (2048 x 1536) Printing at up to 6R (6 2194
x 8 inches)/A5 size
2M (1600 x 1200) Print at up to 4R (4 x 6 2743
inches/A6 size
03M (640 x 480) To use for e-mail or 13719
web site

27.  You can always reduce the quality level of a
picture but you can NEVER increase it!!
 When in doubt, use a higher resolution!

28.  When in Auto Mode – use
red eye when taking
pictures of people and
animals
 Use Force Flash – for things
that cause shadows –
trees, hats, etc.
 Use Suppressed Flash – for
kids – this washes out
people‘s features when
flash can‘t be used.

29.  Red eye is caused by the
light reflecting off of the
inner surface of your
eye. The red eye flash
setting gives an extra
flash before it takes the
picture. This causes your
iris to close down and
minimizes the reflection.

30. Bend down on one knee to take
a picture and the red eye
reflection will travel above the
camera‘s lens and minimize the
problem.
Use a Hot Shoe Flash
attachment. This separates the
flash from the lens and lessens
the reflection. Higher end
cameras have Hot Shoe
capabilities.
*TIP: When taking an
important shot, take one with
flash and one without. Look at
them on your computer and
decide which one is best 

31.  Most digital cameras
have both digital
zoom and optical
zoom. Multiply
together the strength
of both types of
zoom to determine
the total range of the
zoom of your camera.
 http://www.photoxel
s.com/digital-
photography-
tutorials/optical-
digital-zoom/

35.  Most cameras offer at least 3X optical zoom—
and some boast an optical zoom as high as
15X. But sometimes salesmen tout a high
total zoom that includes digital zoom, which
you should disregard. Digital zoom produces
photos that are inferior to those produced
with an optical zoom.

36.  Click on the timer (probably looks like a clock)
 Press halfway to focus
 Press all the way to art the self-timer
 Seconds will vary (mine has 2 settings)

37.  Change to Movie mode – Hold down the
shutter to record (can‘t zoom DURING
recording) hold shutter halfway down to stop.

38.  Go into menu
 Setup
 LCD brightness
 (Mine was under Power Management –
Display)

39.  Composing a great photograph involves
seeing the subject with your eye as well as
your mind. Some basic composition rules will
follow 

40.  Perspective – Bend your knees or even lay on
the ground to make the subject look larger.

41.  Leading Lines – Add depth to your
photographs by capturing hard lines that
travel off into the distance.

42.  Turn the Camera Sideways – If your subject is
vertical, turn the camera sideways so the
aspect ratios match.

43.  Rule of Thirds –
Cut your photo
into thirds and
place your subject
on one of the
intersections of
these lines. Place
horizon lines on
the ―thirds‖ instead
of straight across
the middle.

44.  Foreground
Interest – When
shooting
scenes, capturi
ng something
very close to
the camera can
add depth.

45.  Change Position – Move closer to your
subjects so they fill the screen.

46.  You can activate your menus by pressing the
OK or Menu button. Your camera‘s menus will
appear on the monitor on the back of the
camera. Use arrows to navigate directionally
through the menus.

47.  IMPORTANT – There are different menus for
picture taking and playback. Some cameras
have different menus for EVERY setting on the
MODE DIAL!!!

48.  Compression is how much the digital camera
compresses an image. When a digital camera
takes a picture, a very large file is created that
holds the image. In fact, a picture produced from
a 2-megapixel camera will produce a file size
around 6MB - which is a very large file indeed. In
order to fit more images on a memory
card, digital cameras compress these image files.
The amount of compression a digital camera
does to an image can usually be set by the user.
Standard compression modes on digital cameras
usually include either:
◦ Normal, Fine, Superfine OR Good, Better, Best

49.  For most digital cameras, the default will be
either "better" or "fine". While the amount of
compression a camera does will vary from
camera to camera, generally a "good/normal"
compression setting will compress an image
at a ratio of 16:1. A "better/fine" setting will
compress an image at a ratio of 8:1. A
"best/superfine" setting will compress an
image at a ratio of 4:1. The higher the
compression ratio is, the more images may
be fit onto the memory card.

50.  Using these generalized numbers, you can
see that having a "good/normal" compression
setting allows you fit many more images on a
memory card. However, when an image is
compressed, detail is lost of the image. The
more compression you do to an image, the
less detail will be found on the image. Highly
compressed images can also come out
looking fuzzy and blocky at times, too.

51.  For this reason, most digital cameras come
with a default setting of "better/fine". It has
been my experience with my Canon A40 that
unless you plan on printing out images or
need very high definition photographs, the
"better/fine" setting works extremely well
while still allowing you to put lots of images
on the memory card.

52.  This is the sensitivity setting of your camera. Use this to specify
required sensitivity of the ambient light around the subject.
 What ISO denotes is how sensitive the image sensor is to the
amount of light present. The higher the ISO, the more sensitive
the image sensor and therefore the possibility to take pictures in
low-light situations. (higher iso for low-light! Lower iso for
bright-light)
 And, where you would have needed to physically change to a
different roll of film if you wanted a different ISO speed, digital
technology allows you to simply dial one in. In this way, you can
record images taken at different ISO speeds on the same
memory card.
 If you want to take pictures indoors where light may not be
sufficient and in other low-light situations, then you would need
to supplement existing light with flash or studio lights. Either
that, or select a higher ISO. Of course, depending on your digital
camera, a higher ISO may mean a noisy image.

53.  The most common ISO speed settings are:
100, 200, 400 and 800. Depending on your
digital camera model you may also have them
in the range of 64, 100, 160, 200, 400, 640,
800, 1600.
 Use an ISO of 100 or 200 when taking
photographs outside in sunny conditions.
 If the sky is overcast or it is evening time,
then use an ISO within the range of 400 to
800.
 Night time or in cases of low light you might
need to set your digital camera ISO to 1600.
If you don't then your photo will appear too
dark if at all.

54.  If you set your digital camera to a low ISO, for
example 100, the resulting photograph will
be better quality than one set at 1600. The
higher the ISO the more grainy the photo will
look. Therefore go for a low ISO number
whenever possible.

55.  A manual mode some use quite often is
called Program AE. With Program AE you can
choose the ISO you wish to photograph in
and the digital camera then sets the shutter
speed and aperture (exposure) automatically
to suit. Think of it as being similar to an ISO
priority option. To use Program AE change
your mode dial to P (or look up for your
camera.)

56.  If you want to ensure the highest quality
photograph possible.
The lower the ISO the better the quality. An
ISO of 100 or 200 will give you a better
quality photograph than one set at 1600. If
the image is destined for website display,
then this may not matter. However, if you
wish to print the photograph, then you'll want
to keep the ISO low. Otherwise it will look
grainy or noisy (as it's also referred to).

57.  If you want to take a photograph in dark
situations and not use a tripod.
For example, if you were on a tour through a
mountain cave or at an aquarium, a tripod may not
be feasible. In these cases you could up your ISO to
at least 800. This way, your camera will
automatically keep to a fast enough shutter speed
for you to hand hold your camera. Yet still allow
enough light in to your camera's sensor for a
reasonable night shot. This will cause a grainy
photograph. However, in some circumstances any
photo is better than none.

58.  If you want to take photographs in darker
situations other than outdoors, without the
use of a flash.
For example, if you were taking images in a
museum or theatre, camera flash could be
prohibited. Or if you were photographing a
child blowing out their birthday cake candles.
A bright flash could ruin the atmosphere. In
this case you would keep the ISO at around
800.

59.  If you want to take a photograph indoors of a
moving subject.
For example, if you were taking photographs
of a basketball game at an indoors sports
center. In these circumstances there isn't
always enough natural light to take a good
photo, while at the same time the players
aren't going to stand still long enough for
you to shoot at a slower shutter speed either.
Therefore, you could up your ISO to around
800. Again, this would allow enough light in
to your camera's sensor for a reasonable
shot.

60.  http://www.slrphotographyguide.com/blog/h
ow-to-photograph/sunrises.html

61.  http://www.photoxels.com/tutorial_iso.html
 Find more information on ISO at the above
web site 

62.  The main function of a camera lens is to
collect light. The aperture of a lens is the
diameter of the lens opening and is usually
controlled by an iris.The larger the diameter
of the aperture, the more light reaches the
film / image sensor.
 For more information on aperture, see the
web site below:
 http://www.photoxels.com/tutorial_aperture.
html

63.  The ratio of the focal length to the aperture
 http://www.brighthub.com/multimedia/phot
ography/articles/1462.aspx

64.  DOF is the zone of acceptable sharpness, the
area in front of, and behind, a focused
subject that appears in focus.
 http://www.photoxels.com/tutorial_dof.html

65.  http://www.slrphotographyguide.com/camer
a/settings/av-mode.shtml
 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aperture#In_ph
otography

66. The speed at which a digital camera's shutter exposes the image
sensor to light. A shutter speed of 1/60 means that the sensor is
exposed to light for 1/60th of a second. Faster shutter speeds are
good for "freezing" fast-moving action; slow ones allow you to
intentionally blur the movement of your subject to emphasize
motion, such as water traveling over a set of falls (these types of shots
may require a tripod, since the human hand cannot hold a camera
steady for very long). Simple digital cameras may have very little
shutter speed adjustment; more sophisticated cams often have
between 9 and 15 shutter speeds.
 http://www.ephotozine.com/article/Camera-
Shutter-Speeds-explained
 http://www.digicamhelp.com/taking-
photos/advanced-techniques/shutter-speed-
chart.php

67.  http://www.slrphotographyguide.com/camer
a/settings/shutter-speed.shtml
 the amount of time a digital cameras shutter
is held open for when taking a photograph.
Shutter speed allows light to reach the
cameras image sensor.

68.  ISO, shutter speed and
aperture affect what
your photos look like
 A change in one of the
three elements affects
the others
 Resource:
http://digital-
photography-
school.com/learning-
exposure-in-digital-
photography

69.  http://www.slrphotographyguide.com/camer
a/settings/exposure-tips.shtml

70.  You can set up your shortcut key to fit your
needs. For example, if you always want your
camera set up for a particular situation, you
can use your shortcut key for those settings.
On the other hand, maybe there is a setting
―you always forget‖, you can use your
shortcut key for that setting.
 http://photography-on-
the.net/forum/showthread.php?t=986130

71.  Adjust white balance to get the colors in your
images as accurate as possible.
 Different sources of light have a different
‗color‘ (or temperature) to them.
 Fluorescent lighting adds a bluish cast to
photos whereas tungsten
(incandescent/bulbs) lights add a yellowish
tinge to photos
Read more: @ http://digital-photography-
school.com/introduction-to-white-
balance#ixzz2Ja9lwgNj

72. Examples of how lighting
affects your shots
Cool Bluish Tint Mid-Range Tint Warm Yellowish Tint

73.  Auto
 Tungsten
 Fluorescent
 Cloudy
 Flash
 Shade

74.  This usually means Exposure Bracketing
 You may want to change your exposure
settings and take a number of shots to
determine which photo turns out the best.
 Some cameras have a setting to do this
automatically: http://www.hdr-
photography.com/aeb.html
 Good example of exposure bracketing in
Wikipedia:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bracketing

75.  Single-lens Reflex - An SLR, or single-lens
reflex, camera is named for its picture-taking
mechanism. In a film SLR, the viewfinder uses a 45°-
angled mirror to see through the lens; that mirror snaps
out of sight quickly when you press the shutter
button, to let light enter and expose the film.
 A digital SLR (DSLR) works the same way, except that the
shutter is opening to let the CCD record the image. SLRs are
revered by serious photographers because they permit the
use of many different specialized lenses and flashes, and
provide faster response time and higher continuous shooting
speed than most point-and-shoot cameras.
 P&S – Point & Shoot Cameras – usually smaller than DSLR‘s
with pre-set modes and not as much control over setting
manual options.

76.  http://www.the-digital-
picture.com/reviews/Canon-Tripod-Mount-
Ring-A-II-Review.aspx

77.  http://www.adobe.com/products/photoshop
/pdfs/understanding_digitalrawcapture.pdf
 http://ezinearticles.com/?What-Does-RAW-
Mean-in-Photography?&id=5137473

78.  Program, Aperture priority, Shutter priority,
and Manual modes (digital camera)

79.  Scale your copies down
 Use your operating system
◦ Directions on this web site:
http://graphicssoft.about.com/cs/digitalimaging/q
t/emailpictures.htm

80.  Continuous shot mode, also known as burst
mode, is a digital camera feature where the
unit captures a set number of photos in a
short amount of time. For example, in one
type of burst mode, a digital camera might
capture 10 photos in three seconds.
http://cameras.about.com/od/digitalcameraglossary/g/continuous_shot.htm

81.  Most compact digital cameras have a burst
mode to take a series of shots in rapid
succession.
 http://www.digicamhelp.com/camera-
features/shooting-modes/burst-mode/

82.  http://www.bigskyfishing.com/Gear-
Technique/digital_camera/digital_camera_basics.htm
 http://www.crutchfield.com/S-
qQYCKjCTEf9/learn/learningcenter/home/digitalcameras_glossary.html
 www.kodak.com
 www.digicamhelp.com
 http://malektips.com/digital_photography_help_and_tips.html
 http://www.bbc.co.uk/arts/apictureofbritain/how_to/
 http://www.imphotorepair.com/digitalcameratips.html#anchor_44
 http://www.fujifilm.com/support/tips_for_better_photos/index.html
 http://www.fujifilm.com/support/tips_for_better_photos/glossary.html

http://macdevcenter.com/pub/a/mac/2002/10/22/digi_photo_tips.htm
l

83.  http://digital-photography-
school.com/mastering-panning-to-
photograph-moving-subjects

84.  http://www.steves-
digicams.com/digsoftware_stitch.html
 http://www.kenrockwell.com/tech/panoramic
-software.htm (Good page with simple step-
by-step instructions)

85.  Electronic View Finder
 http://www.digicamguides.com/learn/tft-
viewfinder.html

86.  http://www.shortcourses.com/tabletop
(guide to lighting and photographing small
objects with a digital camera)

87.  http://www.tias.com/other/promo5.html
(antique objects)
 http://www.worthpoint.com/article/recording
-treasure-photographing-antique-furniture
(antique furniture)

88.  Attach or insert the image into the e-mail
◦ Some people will not open attachments due to computer
viruses being spread by opening e-mail attachments 
◦ To insert a photo into an e-mail so it just ―appears‖, the e-
mail needs to use html format
◦ Some photo editing programs have this e-mail feature
―built-in‖ to simplify this process
◦ Be sure to send images in a format, such as JPEG, that most
e-mail programs support.
◦ To share a large collection of photos by e-mail you can Zip
them using programs such as WinZIP or Stuffit. This puts all
of the images into a single file that can then be ―unzipped‖
by the recipient.

89.  SLR – camera that uses film
 Point & Shoot – also called SLR (but is digital)
– don‘t have interchangeable lenses
 DSLR – Digital Cameras – have
interchangeable lenses
 http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qi
d=20080112142036AAybARO

91.  Performs basic operations – a
general knowledge of these
settings is needed before moving
on to more advanced operations.

92.  The shooting information display will show
how many exposures you have left.

93.  At default settings, image quality is set to
jpeg normal and image size is set to Large (L)
 These settings can be set differently to free
up more room on the memory card.

94.  When the camera is turned on, the shooting
information display will be shown as below:

95.  Press to switch from shooting info.
display to quick settings display to monitor off
(will always do in this order)

97.  Highlight desired setting (use multi selector)
 Display options for highlighted setting
 Highlight desired setting
 Select option

99.  Select Image Size from the Quick settings
display to adjust the setting.
 Choose an image size depending on the size
at which the photos will be printed.

100.  White balance ensures that colors are
unaffected by the color of the light source.
 Auto is recommended for most light settings
 If necessary, other values can be selected
when using P, S, A, or M Modes.

103.  Choose from black and white, sepia and
cyanotype.

104.  ND60 - Skylight, warm filter, red intensifier,
green intensifier, blue intensifier, cross
screen, and color balance.

105.  Combines two existing RAW photographs into
one image.

106.  Pictures taken with slow shutter settings are
prone to blurring. If ISO is raised above the
default 100 setting, the same pictures can be
achieved at faster shutter speeds, diminishing
blur.
 ISO sensitivity can be set between ISO 100 &
ISO 1600 in steps of 1 EV with a further
higher setting of Hi 1(ISO 3200)

107.  Digital Vari-program modes also offer an
Auto setting that allows the camera to
automatically raise sensitivity when lighting is
poor or lower sensitivity when lighting is
bright.

108.  ISO sensitivity is the digital equivalent of film
speed.
 The higher the ISO, the less light needed to
make an exposure, allowing higher shutter
speeds and smaller apertures.
 Just as higher speed films tend to produce
grainy pictures, photos taken at high ISO
settings can produce grainy pictures

109.  Select Release Mode from the quick settings
display
 Single frame (default setting)
 Continuous (burst mode) – camera
records photos at 3 frames per second while
the shutter button is pressed.
 Self Timer
 Delayed Remote
 Quick Response Remote

110.  Select Focus Mode from quick settings
 Choose how the camera focuses
 AF-S and AF-C are only available in P,S,A or
M modes

111.  Select from quick settings display
 D60 has three of these settings:
◦ closest subject (this is default for P,S, A, & M
modes and automatic for Auto mode)
◦ dynamic area (user sets focus point manually;
good for erratically moving subjects – this is the
default AF-Area setting for ―Sport‖.)
◦ single point (user selects focus point with multi
selector – camera focuses on subject in selected
focus point only – used with stationary subjects –
this is the default AF-Area setting for ―Close up‖)

113.  Select metering from the quick settings
display
 The metering method determines how the
camera sets exposure
 Can only adjust in the P, S, A, and M modes
 Matrix (default setting) This is
recommended in most settings. The camera
meters a wide area of the frame and instantly
sets exposure according to distribution of
brightness, color, distance, and composition
for natural results.

114.  Center-weighted (Camera meters entire
frame but assigns greatest weight to center
area. Classic meter for portraits!)
 Spot (Camera meters exposure in active
focus point only. Ensures that subject will be
correctly exposed, even when the background
is much brighter or darker.)

115.  ND60 use the built-in flash for:
 Built-in flash cannot be used, nor can flash
mode be changed in sport, no-flash or
landscape modes.
 To use the built-in flash in P, S, A, and M
modes, you must press to raise.

118.  Using the Command Dial
◦ The flash mode can also be selected by rotating the
command dial while pressing

119.  Select from quick settings display
 Exposure compensation is used to alter
exposure from the value suggested by the
camera, making photographs brighter or
darker.
 On ND60, it is available in P, S, and A modes
and is most effective when used with center-
weighted or spot metering.

120.  Can also be adjusted using the command dial
while pressing only in P, S, and A modes.

121.  Select Flash Compensation from the Quick
Settings Display
 Flash Compensation is only available in P, S,
A, and M modes.
 Used to alter flash output changing the
brightness of the subject relative to the
background.
 Flash output can be increased to make the
main subject appear brighter or reduced to
prevent unwanted highlights or reflections.

124.  Select from Quick Settings Display
 When Active D-Lighting is enable before
shooting, the camera automatically applies
Active D-Lighting Compensation. This
preserves details in highlights and shading
which creates photos with natural contrast.
 Use for high contrast scenes – for example,
when shooting brightly lit outdoor scenery
through a door or window or shooting of
shaded subjects on a sunny day.

126.  Flexible Program and the camera settings in
the Quick Settings Display can be restored to
defaults by pressing and together for
more than two seconds.

127.  Digital Print Order Format

128.  In this mode, the camera automatically
adjusts shutter speed and aperture for
optimal exposure in most situations.
 This mode is recommended for snapshots
and other situations in which you want to
leave the camera in charge of shutter speed
and aperture.

129.  In P mode, different combinations of shutter
speed and aperture can be selected by
rotating the command dial aka ―flexible
program‖.
 While flexible program is in effect, indicators
are shown in the viewfinder and Shooting
information display.

130.  Rotate the command dial to the right for large
apertures (small f-numbers) that blur background
details or fast shutter speeds that freeze motion.
 Rotate the command dial to the left for small
apertures (large f-numbers) that increase depth of
field or slow shutter speeds that blur motion.

131.  To restore default shutter speed and aperture
settings, rotate the command dial until the
indicators are no longer displayed, choose
another mode, or turn the camera off.

132.  In aperture-priority auto mode, YOU choose
the aperture while the camera automatically
selects the shutter speed that will produce
the optimal exposure.
 Small apertures (high f-numbers) increase
depth of field, bringing both the main subject
and background into focus.
 Large apertures (low f-numbers) soften
background details.

133.  Rotate mode dial to A.
 Rotate the command dial to choose the desired aperture.
◦ Aperture displayed in the viewfinder will change. Set
aperture to the desired value.
◦ The minimum and maximum apertures available depend
upon the lens.
◦ Aperture can also be displayed in the Shooting information
display by pressing.

134.  In shutter-priority auto mode, YOU choose
the shutter speed while the camera
automatically chooses the aperture that will
produce the optimal exposure.
 Use slow shutter speeds to suggest motion
by blurring moving objects.
 Use high shutter speeds to freeze motion.

135.  Turn the mode dial to S
 Rotate the command dial to choose the desired shutter
speed.
◦ Shutter speed displayed in viewfinder will change.
◦ Set shutter speed to desired setting between 1/4000 s and
30 s.
◦ Shutter speed can also be displayed in the shooting
information display by pressing

136.  In manual exposure mode, YOU control BOTH
shutter speed and aperture.
 This mode can also be used for longer
exposures, with which the shutter can be held
open indefinitely necessary for shooting
fireworks and stars.

137.  Long Time-Exposures
◦ Shutter speeds of bulb and time can be used for
long time-exposure photographs of moving lights,
the stars, night scenery, or fireworks.
◦ To prevent blurring caused by camera shake, use a
tripod or an optional Wireless Remote Control ML-
L3

138.  Bulb
◦ Shutter remains open while the shutter-release
button is held down, and closes when the shutter-
release button is released.
◦ Shutter speed is set to ―bulb‖. You will see this
displayed in the viewfinder:

139.  Watch the electronic analog exposure display
while rotating the command dial to set
shutter speed and aperture.

140. Command Dial

141.  Aperture displayed in the viewfinder will change as the
command dial is rotated while is pressed.
Set aperture to the desired value.
 Shutter speed and aperture can be displayed in the shooting
information display by pressing

142.  CPU Lens have CPU chips in them – all newer
dslr cameras have them.
 The CPU will tell the camera what aperture it's
set at, focusing distance, what lens is
attached.
 The CPU lenses have a row of little metal
bumps to make contact with the camera body
 Non-CPU Lens have manual focus (so if you
bought a used lens from someone it could be
a Non-CPU lens.)

143.  Photographs are framed in the
viewfinder. Before shooting
make sure the display in the
viewfinder is in clear focus.
 The viewfinder can be focused
by removing the lens cap  and
sliding the diopter control up
and down until the focus points
are in sharp focus.

144.  While is held down, information on
current shooting conditions, and help for
menus, are displayed on the monitor (lcd
screen).
 To scroll the display, press the multi selector
up or down
 A blinking icon on the monitor or a
blinking icon in the viewfinder indicates
that help on an error or other problem can be
viewed in the monitor by pressing

146. Not all lenses have a VR (Vibration
Reduction) switch. The image above
does not have one.

147.  Be sure the camera is OFF when exchanging
or removing lenses.
 To remove the lens, press and hold down the
lens-release button (1) while turning the lens
clockwise (2)

148.  Before inserting or removing memory cards,
make sure your camera is off.
 When you format a memory card in the
camera, it will delete all files (pictures) off of
the card.
 It is better to format the memory card in the
camera instead of in your computer.
Performance can be affected if you format it
in the computer.

149.  Memory cards are equipped with a write-
protect switch to prevent accidental loss of
data. When the switch is in the ―lock‖
position, photos cannot be recorded or
deleted and the memory card cannot be
formatted.

150.  http://www.learn.usa.canon.com/resources/a
rticles/2011/backbutton_af_article.shtml
 http://learningdslr.com/2011/01/how-and-
why-i-use-the-back-button-af/

151.  http://www.wikihow.com/Use-Every-Nikon-
Digital-SLR

152.  http://www.digital-photography-
school.com/digital-photography-tips-for-
beginners

153.  http://www.photoxels.com/tutorial_center-
af.html

154.  http://digital-photography-
school.com/forum/canon-digital-
cameras/111833-af-assist-beam.html

155.  http://www.digital-photography-
school.com/low-light-sports-photography
 http://www.thephotoforum.com/forum/digit
al-discussion-q/141016-stadium-lights-
help.html
 http://photography-on-
the.net/forum/showthread.php?t=228902
 http://www.dcresource.com/forums/showthr
ead.php?12175-Taking-pics-under-stadium-
lights

156.  http://digital-photography-
school.com/forum/other-digital-
photography-technique-discussion/97081-
help-w-settings-pictures-inside-gym.html
 http://www.digital-photography-
school.com/photographing-a-wrestling-
tournament-case-study
Neat Tip:
 http://www.uglyhedgehog.com/t-10059-
1.html - follow directions here
 http://www.flickr.com/people/les_stockton/
- do search here

157. Sony Mavica – 1981 – saved to 2” video floppy disk

158. Used the popular 3.5“ floppy
disks for storage
History of the camera:
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_the_camera