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1. Discussion: Developments of Nursing Field Public Privacy and Health
Policy
Discussion: Developments of Nursing Field Public Privacy and Health PolicyDiscussion:
Developments of Nursing Field Public Privacy and Health PolicyPlease respond to these 2
different discussions separately. The response should be 1 to 2 paragraphs per discussion
paper with a minimum of 250 words( not including references ). Also, 2 different reference
and citation per each discussion.**** It should be 2 separate response with one to two
paragraph each**** The response should be done as a research with 2 reference each.Style:
APAReferences: 2 eachdouble spacePlease see attachment for the discussion
responsesPlease contact me if you have any questions in regards to the instructionThank
youORDER COMPREHENSIVE SOLUTION PAPERS ON Discussion: Developments of Nursing
Field Public Privacy and Health PolicyPlease reply to Research # 1- YerilieetNeed to reply
with 1 to 2 paragraphs with a minimum of 250 words including 2 different reference with
citation 1- What is Policy?A policy is a law, regulation, procedure, administrative action,
incentive, or voluntary practice of governments and other institutions. It is a set of rules of
guidelines for any organization and employees to follow in or to achieve a specific
goal (Page, 2017).2- Explain each of them:Public policy can be generally defined as a
system of laws, regulatory measures, courses of action, and funding priorities concerning a
given topic promulgated by a governmental entity or its representatives.A privacy policy is
a document that explains how an organization handles any customer, client or employee
information gathered in its operations. It is directed at the users of the personal
information. A privacy policy instructs employees on the collection and the use of the data,
as well as any specific rights the data subjects may have. Most websites make their privacy
policies available to site visitors.Health policy is best understood as a set of overarching
principles and goals that dictate how care is delivered and accessed. Health care policy can
be codified at a national or state level, and then more finely homed in a hospital or clinical
environment. Examples of health-related policies include:Policies prohibiting tobacco and
alcohol use at the workplace.Policies requiring healthy foods to be served at company
meetings and events.Policies allowing for flextime to exercise or attend health
programs.Social policy is concerned with the ways societies across the world meet human
needs for security, education, work, health and wellbeing. Social policy addresses how
states and societies respond to global challenges of social, demographic and economic
change, and of poverty, migration and globalization. Social policy analyses the different

2. roles of national governments, the family, civil society, the market, and international
organizations in providing services and support across the life course from childhood to old
age.Organization’s policies and procedures to make employees understand the
organization’s views and values on specific issues, and what will occur if they are not
followed. Policies are general statements of how an organization want to behave and
procedures define exactly how to do a task or perform step by step.3- Who was Florence
Nightingale, and what was her contribution to the Nursing Field?Florence Nightingale was a
Victorian woman who is perhaps most remembered for her contributions to the field of
nursing. In addition to being a pioneer in the nursing field, this remarkable woman also
contributed to the gains of the women’s rights movement. Florence Nightingale is revered
as the founder of modern nursing and helped to change the nursing profession by creating
training schools for nurses. She first gained fame by leading a team of 38 nurses to staff an
overseas hospital of the British army during the Crimean War (Threat, 2017). Florence
Nightingale brought nursing from a disreputable and immoral vocation into the honest and
ethical profession that is enjoyed today by emphasizing strict morals in the personal and
work lives of her nursing students.4- Who was Lillian Wald?In addition to being a famous
nurse, Lillian Wald was also a humanitarian, teacher, peace and civil rights activist, social
worker, public health official and author. Her nursing education allowed her to see
thedeplorable conditions that she labored so valiantly to improve and gave her the
knowledge and skills to achieve her mission. Wald coined the term ‘public health nurse’, to
describe the new form of nursing that she developed to assist the poor. Her ideas led the
New York Board of Health to develop the first public nursing system in the world. She
pressured the New York City Board of Education to extend educational opportunities to
children with physical and learning disabilities, to hire school nurses, and to create school
lunchprograms (Threat, 2017). Wald was a major force in the campaigns for social reform
and public health, and she was an international crusader for human rights. She worked to
abolish child labor and helped establish the Federal Children’s Bureau. She advocated for
civil rights, women’s suffrage, and for peace.5- Who was Margaret Sanger, and in what way
she helped to the developments of Nursing Field?Margaret Sanger was the founder of the
birth control movement in the United States and an international leader in the field. She is
credited with originating the term birth control. Sanger gave up nursing to devote herself to
the cause of birth control and sex education, publishing a series of articles on the topics and
changing the world for millions of women by ensuring them reproductive freedom. She
fought for the equality of all women to be treated as well (Threat, 2017). Sanger broke
barriers, as well as, set up the first abortion clinic ran by women.6- What is (ICN), and
what they do?The International Council of Nurses (ICN) is a federation of national nurses’
associations in more than 130 countries. Operated by nurses and leading nursing
internationally, ICN works to ensure quality nursing carefor all and sound health policies
globally. ICN has identified three key program areas as crucial to the betterment of nursing
and health. These are known as ICN’s Pillars and they are: Professional Practice, Regulation,
and Socio-economic welfare. The association’s activities are focused in these areas (Brush
&Lynaugh, 2018).7- WHAT IS (NLCA) and they do?The Nurse Licensure Compact
Administrators (NLCA) is a form of interstate compact specific to nurse licensure designed

3. to advance public protection and access to care through the mutual recognition of one state-
based license that is enforced locally and recognized nationally. Compacts allow nurses to
practice and communicate with patients across state lines. The enhanced model legislation
addresses physical and electronic communication and practice and provides an agreement
between two or more states for the purpose of recognizing nurse licensure between and
among a group of participating states. States must enter into one in order to achieve mutual
recognition (Brush & Lynaugh, 2018).Jeanne Blum, RN, is a nurse on a LDRP unit. Recently,
the policy and procedures manual for Jeanne’s unit included the premature rupturing of
membranes of a laboring patient as a practice acceptable for nurses to perform. Jeanne and
some of her coworkers shared their concern over lunch about this new responsibility. They
felt uncomfortable with the possibility of cord prolapse and other potential medical
complications resulting from this practice. Jeanne gathered data from her state and many
others states and noted that her hospital was not in compliance with her professional
organization practice standards. Jeanne shared this information with her coworkers. She
volunteered to contact the state board of nursing on their behalf to request a declaratory
statement on the nurse’s role in the initiation of premature rupturing of uterine
membranes. Her state board’s clinical practice committee reviewed her request for a
declaratory statement and gathered information from other states. A formal declaratory
statement was drafted by the board and made it available on its Web site. A letter from
the board was sent to Jeanne’s institution, informing it of the declaratory statement, which
stated that the task nurses were requested to perform was beyond their scope of practice
based on the Nurse Practice Act.Which stage of the policy model does this
scenario represent?The stages of policy development can generally be categorized into the
following stages: (1) identifying the issue to be addressed by the proposed policy, (2)
placement on the agenda, (3) formulation of the policy, (4) implementation of the policy,
and (5) evaluation of the policy (Page, 2017). In the scenario described above, I believe that
the implementation or carrying out of policy which is most often accomplished by
institutions other than those that formulated and adopted it is
represented. ReferencesThreat, C. J. (2017). Nursing Civil Rights: Gender and Race in the
Army Nurse Corps (Women, Gender, and Sexuality in American History). Chicago:
University of Illinois Press.Brush, B. L., & Lynaugh, J. E. (2018). Nurses of All Nations: A
History of the International Council of Nurses. New York: Springer Publishing
Company.Page, S. (2017). 7 Steps to Better Written Policies and Procedures. Burlington:
Jones & Bartlett Learning.ORDER COMPREHENSIVE SOLUTION PAPERS ON Discussion:
Developments of Nursing Field Public Privacy and Health Policy Please reply to Research #
2 RonnieNeed to reply with 1 to 2 paragraphs with a minimum of 250 words including 2
different reference with citationQuestion 1A policy can be defined as a plan, course, or set of
ideas that have been designed and officially agreed upon by either an organization or a
group of people to be applied in particular circumstances and situations. A policy is a term
that is used in various ways, sometimes within an organization or even from one
organization to another. For a policy to be classified as a good policy, it must accompany the
following features; it should help the user to achieve his objectives, it should be flexible and
logical, it should state matters of principle, and finally, it has been an authoritative

4. statement.Question 2-Public police- At times it is also referred to as economic policy.
Commonly it is defined as a combination of regulations and laws that govern a society. It is
mainly created to solve problems in society such as poverty and inequity.-Health policy-
This policy refers to the ideas, decisions, plans, and regulations that have been set aside to
achieve goals and objectives in the health care sector. An example of a health policy is the
prohibition of smoking in public vehicles.-Private policy- This is a type of policy that is
designed, formulated, and implemented by a private sector such as business organizations.-
Organizational policy- This policy dictates how an organization carries out its activities and
its position on matters of social and public interest.-Social Policy- It is mainly concerned
with the maintenance and change of human living conditions. It is concerned with how
human needs such as security, health can be achieved.Question 3Florence, named after her
city of birth in Italy, is a towering figure who is greatly remembered in the nursing
profession as the founder of many practices in the field of nursing (Coroban, C. (2019). She
defines that nurses do not need to know all about the disease process but their main
responsibility is to take care of the patients.In the nursing field, she made some
contributions by pioneering ways to improve hospital care which are still in use today. With
her team they applied the following measures: They ensured patients kept a three-foot
distance which helped reduce overcrowding; ensured the sewers were flushed severally
during the course of the day; also ensured latrines were disinfected by the use of peat
charcoal and also improved ventilation in the hospital rooms.Question 4Lillian D. is a third
born to German Jewish parents in Cincinnati. Born on March 10, 1867, and passed on, on
September 1, 1940. She was both a nurse and a social worker who is attributed as the
founder of Henry Street Settlement (Stuart, P. H. (2020). She had a happy childhood life as
she describes that their home was filled with books and music. While in school at Rochester
she demonstrated eminent skills in the fields of mathematics, arts, and science. She had a
desire to join Vassar College but she was rejected because of her age.Lillian stayed for some
years and later her dream of becoming a nurse awakened by a nurse on private duty who
was taking heed of her sister. Therefore, in 1889 she joined New York Hospital Training
School of Nurses where she qualified at the age of 21 and entered Women’s medical school
to become a doctor. In her career she is marked by some great achievements such as
fighting for the rights of women, also lobbied for health inspection at workplaces, and also
prevailed the University of Columbia to nominate the first nursing professor at a U.S
college.Question 5Margaret was born on September 14, 1979, in New York. Her mother had
eighteen pregnancies with only 11 live births. Despite her family being poor, they believed
in helping other people which influenced Margaret at a younger age. She lost her mother
who was diagnosed with tuberculosis and cervical cancer attributed to her many
pregnancies.She saw women die of unwanted pregnancies and abortions. Women were not
able to get contraceptive advice because the law denied them. She set to do something to
help mothers elevate their lives through control of birth. Within a year she studied all that
was expected concerning control of birth and even went to Europe to learn family planning
ways. She began her plan which had various parts: First was to educate the public where
she started a magazine called Woman Rebel that had birth control articles. The next part
was to change the laws ‘Comstock Law’ which denied the use of the U.S Postal service to

5. pass information about birth control (Ross, L. (2020). She was later charged with breaking
the law which forced her to flee to England to escape the jail term. Later when the charges
were dropped she came back to continue with her work.Question 6Founded in 1899, the
International Council of Nurses is a union of national nurse’s associations in more than one
hundred and thirty countries with its headquarters in Geneva. It is the first world body
uniting health professionals internationally (World Health Organization. (2020). It is a body
operated by nurses and works to ensure quality nursing care and effective health policies
internationally.Question 7NCLA is entitled to the power of drafting rules and regulations
that guide when nurses are being licensed. A nurse is allowed to practice across the state
lines unless otherwise restricted. The Nurse Licensure Compact Administrators was mainly
established to oversee multistate compacting.Question 8Stage 2 Self-Interest: is whereby
someone who is not a member of the society strictly follows up the rules that have been set
for them by the larger authority. In this stage, an individual is referred to as pre-
conventional since one speaks as an isolated individual rather than as a member of society
(Zhu, Y. (2020). The individual is expected to obey the rules dictated by one main authority
figure. ORDER COMPREHENSIVE SOLUTION PAPERS ON Discussion: Developments of
Nursing Field Public Privacy and Health Policy ReferencesZhu, Y. (2020). The Potential
Influence that US Institutions Have on International Students’ Values and Perspectives and
Individual Future Planning (Doctoral dissertation, Boston College).World Health
Organization. (2020). State of the world’s nursing 2020: investing in education, jobs, and
leadership.Ross, L. (2020). It’s My Choice, Right? Abortion Law Reform in the United
States. FAU Undergraduate Law Journal, 1(1), 106-106.Stuart, P. H. (2020). Lillian Wald
reports on organizing to combat the 1918 influenza pandemic in New York City. Journal of
Community Practice, 1-12.Coroban, C. (2019). The Great War and Scottish Nurses’ Diaries:
“A World of Distant Rumbling”. Cambridge Scholars Publishing.