based on syllabus of GTU BE SEM 1

1. Reading Fluency
EFFECTIVE READING SKILLS

2. Introduction
 Effective communication skills are always essential in academic as
well as professional career.
Time Spent By Professionals On
Communication Activities

3. Purpose of Reading
 Reading is important academic tasks faced by students; and also in
the commercial world.
 The purpose of reading is to connect the ideas on the page to what
you already know.
 If you don’t know anything about a subject,
then pouring text is like pouring water in your
hands, you do not retain much.

4. Reading Rates
 Reading rates vary depending upon the reading material. For
example an exciting novel is a quicker read than a text in biology.
 Most people fixate once on each word across
a line of print. This is called fixation.
 In order to increase your speed we
must take in more words with each
fixation, rather than make your eyes
move faster.

5. Tips to increase your reading speed
 Tyr to avoid focusing on each word , but rather look at group of words.
 Work on vocabulary. Familiarize yourself with new words so that you do
not get stuck on them again.
 Do not move your lips . Force yourself to read faster by following the
technique of reading words in group.
 Read more. Fifteen minutes a day.
 Determine the purpose before reading.

6. Reading comprehension
 Reading comprehension refers to the ability to understand
information presented in written form.

7. Reasons for poor comprehension
 The main reasons for poor reading comprehension are:
 Inability to understanding a word;
 Inability to understand a sentence;
 Inability to understand how sentences related to one
another;
 Inability to understand how the information fits together
in a meaningful way;
 Lack of interest and concentration.

8. Improving comprehension skills
 Read the variety of materials. Do not limit yourself to textbooks.
 Circle unknown or unfamiliar words as you read.
 Consider how interesting the subject matter is and how much you
already know about the subject.

9. Skimming and scanning
 Take a moment to preview the text before
starting to read the text in detail. Read quickly
without pausing to study the details. This is called
skimming.
 After having skimmed the text, you can study it
in more detail. Reading more slowly and
carefully and looking for specific information
that your are interested in. This is called
scanning.

10. Non-verbal signals
 Non-verbal signals may include certain style features . Such as
different fonts, bold prints underlining or italics.
Headings
Title
Subheading
Photographs
Captions
Paragraphs
Figures, bars, graphs, charts, etc…

11. Structure of the text
 Most texts start form heading or sometimes sub-headings.
After that comes introduction and the body, followed by a
conclusion or summary.

12. Structure of paragraphs
 A typical paragraphs consists of three parts.
 The first sentence consist of topic sentence.
 The second part consist the sentences that
develop the aspect .
 The last paragraph often contains the summary
of the paragraph.

13. Punctuation
 Punctuation mark indicates how the author wants you to interpret
the piece of text.
 Punctuation is partly based on grammar.
 Understanding of punctuation marks easier
is to understand grammatical structure.

14. Author’s Viewpoint(Inference)
 Word like luckily or unfortunately to show
approval or displeasure of the author.
 Thus in reading the text you make inference or
assumptions.
 The author can reveal his view points by adding
value to words.
 He can also add words to show his surprise ,
regret and other emotions.

15. Reader Anticipation: Determining
the meaning of words
1. Determine the world class (verb, noun,
adjective )
2. Determine its function in the sentence.
3. Analyse the contextual clues .
4. Relation and familiarization of words.
5. Try and derive the eventual meaning of the
word.

16. Summarizing
1) Familiarizing with the materials .
2) Select important information.
3) Paraphrasing.
4) Linking sentences.
5) Length of summary.