1. BY Joanna, Kaitlin, and Zach

2. What is immigration?
Immigration means to move into from one
environment into a foreign country. Your bloodlines
are native to this environment. While movement of
people has existed throughout human history and at
various levels, modern immigration implies long term
permanent residence. Short term visitors or tourists
are considered non-immigrants. This action is used
mostly to strength the number in people to make the
colonies stronger and to increase the land use to take
up more of the country.

3. What are refugees?
Refugees are people who leave their
country because of terrorism, war, natural
disasters or famine. Some of them leave on
their own in fear and some people are forced
to leave their country. Today there about 42
million people around the world that have fled
their own country and are living in refugee
camps.

4. Early History of Canadian Immigration
In 1880, Andrew Onderdonk, an American who was the Canadian Pacific
Railway construction contractor in British Columbia, originally enlisted Chinese
labourers from California. When most of these deserted the railway workings for
the goldfields, Andrew signed several agreements with Chinese contractors in
China's Guangdong province, Taiwan and also via Chinese companies in Victoria.
Through those contracts more than 5000 labourers were sent from China by ship.
Onderdonk also recruited over 7000 Chinese railway workers from California.
These two groups of workers were the main force for the building of the railway.
Once the railroads were done, Chinese immigrants were not needed or wanted. .
In 1923, a Chinese Exclusion Act was passed by the parliament. The Act helped to
stop Chinese immigration to Canada. The Chinese Exclusion Act remained in effect
up to 1947.
• The beginning of the Second World War introduced a period of severe immigration
restriction. Most of the immigrants from 1938 to 1945 were British or American.
People who attempted to enter Canada at that time were refugees, and a few
were wives and children of Canadian people. During the Battle of Britain in the
1940s, Luftwaffe - the German air force - started bombing British cities, including
London. This bombing campaign was one of the major causes of British
immigration to Canada.

5. What Criteria does Canada use when
accepting immigrants and Refugees
into Canada?
Canada admits between more than 200,000
immigrants every year. National policy emphasizes rigorous
selection to ensure that Canada admits healthy immigrants.
However, remarkably little policy is directed to ensuring
that they stay healthy. Also Canada is quick to look at the
reasoning of their coming and making sure they are going
to be a benefit to our society and not to bring it down. The
Canadian government also assures that the immigrant does
not have a criminal record. Although the Canadian
government is pretty laid back on letting people into our
country, it has it’s standards to ensure growth and
increasing strength for the country, but nothing out of the
ordinary.

6. What is the Immigration and Refugee
Protection Act?
The Canadian immigration and refugee
act concerns the area of law related to the
admission of foreign nationals into Canada. It also
concerns their rights and responsibilities once
admitted, and the conditions of their removal.
The primary goal of the Immigration and Refugee
Protection Act, include economic growth, family
reunification, and compliance with humanitarian
treaties. It also cancels the safe third country
agreement. The IRPA basically helps refugees and
immigrants to get into Canada safely and fairly.

7. How does immigration aim to meet
Canada’s workforce needs?
Immigration has been and will continue to be an important
addition to the Canadian workforce. In 2001 over ten percent of the
Canadian workforce consisted of people who had been born out of
Canada. This percentage has been growing every year and is
needed to keep Canada growing. Immigrants will continue to play a
large role in our economy. Canadian population growth is slowing
down. Without more workers Canada’s economy will cease to grow.
This is why immigration is becoming very important and desired. In
the late 1930’s immigrants weren’t wanted and the Canadian
Government stopped them from coming. Today businesses are
doing everything they can to get skilled immigrants. According to
statistics, sometime between 2011 and 2016 the amount of
Canadians entering the workforce will equal the number of those
retiring. Immigration will be what keeps the Canadian workforce
filled up with workers.

8. What is a Law vs. A policy?
The definition of Law is a rule or body of rules of
conduct inherent in human nature and essential to or
binding upon human society. Whereas the definition
of policy is a plan of action adopted by an individual or
social group; quot;it was a policy of retributionquot;; a
politician keeps changing his policies. So overall my
opinion would be that law is essential to all humans in
an organization while policy is small groups inside of
that organization, making by laws and notions that
they believe to be right for their certain place.

9. Factors of how Canada accepts
immigrants
When accepting immigrants Canada goes through a few
factors about the person. One of these factors is health. If the
person may cause Canadian citizens to become diseased or
unhealthy they will not be accepted. Also they must not have a
disease that could be passed on to others such as HIV/Aids. The
person must also be non-violent or dangerous to others. Criminal
records and other personal information are checked before the
person may become a citizen. Also if the person isn’t a family
member to a Canadian citizen or they are a refugee, they must be a
good worker or be useful to the country. Also the person must be at
least respectful of the Canadian religions and beliefs and laws. Once
they pass these factors they would be accepted as a citizen.

10. How do political, health, security, and
economic issues affect immigration?
How do political, health, security, and economic issues affect immigration?
When immigrants try to move to Canada they are inspected in terms
of health, security, political, and economic factors. Health is an important
factor because the health of Canadians has to be in mind as well. If the
immigrant has a disease that could be dangerous to the health of
Canadian citizens, the immigrant might be turned down. Conditions that
could be dangerous to the public physically also have to be thought about.
For example a mental disorder could be a danger and reason for a person
to be turned down for immigration. Immigrants also are checked if they
have a criminal record in their home country. Immigration is meant to
improve Canada. Therefore any dangerous people will not be accepted.
Lastly they must face the factor of if they will do Canada any good
economically. Skilled workers are much desired and very useful. One of
the main reason Canada needs immigrants is to fulfill job needs. Many
factors are put into perspective when it comes to immigration.

11. What is the point system for
accepting immigrants?
A point system a evaluation based on awarding
points according to rules. In the Canadian point system
you are awarded with a variety of points depending on
your level of experience. For example, upon
completing secondary school ( high school) you would
earn the total of 5 points whereas in the completion of
PhD, or a masters degree, AND at least 17 years of full
time study you have proceeded 25 points. Depending
on how much points you achieve, you can qualify for a
higher achieving career. In other words be paid
more. The meaning of this immigrant point system is to
see how you benefit Canada and what jobs you are
eligible for.

12. How Canada’s immigration laws are
different today then they were in the
past?
What is Canada's policy towards refugees?
Canada’s Immigration laws are different today
then in the past because in the past they had
a points system where if you didn’t meet the
right amount of points you could not come
into Canada. Where as today they just look at
if you would be useful to Canada. Canada's
policy towards refugees is that they cannot
bring weapons onto Canada.

13. How do Provinces, Cities, and Regions
affect and influence Immigration?
Provinces, cities, and regions all have different influences on
immigration. Because they all have different work needs they want
certain immigrants. They cannot force immigrants to move to
certain areas but they can make chances of certain immigrants
moving to their area. Regions are aloud to make their own
immigration offices in foreign countries. By doing this they can hook
immigrants up with jobs and places to stay in certain places. This is
good for both the immigrants and the cities because the immigrants
get jobs and the businesses get the workers they need. Under the
Provincial Nomination Program, provinces can nominate a
percentage of the immigrants Canada selects each year. This way a
majority of the workers needed get sent to each province.
Immigrants cannot be forced to move to certain areas but they can
be convinced to.

14. What is the Canada-Quebec Accord?
The Canada-Quebec Accord is a legal agreement concerning immigration
issues between the federal government of Canada and the provincial government
of Quebec. The broad accord signed in 1991 preceded similar agreements with
other provinces including British Columbia and Manitoba. The arrangement gives
Quebec the exclusive responsibility of choosing immigrants and refugees still living
in their foreign countries but wishing to relocate to the province. Selected
applicants are issued “certificat de sélection du Québec”. Citizenship and
Immigration Canada issues the actual visa after background and health
verifications.
New immigrants are entitled to settlement assistance such as free language
training under provincial government administered programs usually
called Language Instruction for Newcomers to Canada (LINC), for which the federal
government has budgeted about $350 million to give to the provinces for the fiscal
year 2006-2007.The majority of the $350 million is allocated to Quebec under
the Canada-Quebec Accord, at $196 million per year, even though immigration to
Quebec represented only 16.5% of all immigration to Canada in 2005. The $350
million is budgeted to increase by an additional $90 million by 2009.