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CNN Backpropagation
이주열
 λͺ©ν‘œ : Conv Net의 Cost ν•¨μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜λŠ” νŒŒλΌλ―Έν„° w, b 계산
λ”°λΌμ„œ, Cost ν•¨μˆ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ w νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„, b νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„μ„ κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λͺ©ν‘œ
 유의 사항 : 2차원 평면 μƒμ˜ 계산, μ •ν™•ν•œ notation 그리고 chain rule 적용 이해 ν•„μš”
β€» Michael Nielsen 웹뢁(http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/)의 notation에 따름
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š
𝑛 = ?
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 = ?
λ”°λΌμ„œ, μ•„λž˜ 두 νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„ 값을 κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ³Έ μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œμ˜ λͺ©μ 
1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산
1. n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ w와 z의 관계 ν’€κΈ°
N
N
5
n-1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
= 𝜎
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛
π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
+ 𝑏𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
≑
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛
π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
+ 𝑏𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
= 𝜎 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
≑
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š
𝑛 =
𝑗=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘˜=0
π‘βˆ’5
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š
𝑛 =
𝑗=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘˜=0
π‘βˆ’5
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 πœŽβ€²
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
μ™œ j = 0, …, N-5, k = 0, ..., N-5 인가?
 n-1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 맀핑이 conv둜 인해 쀄어듀어 있음
 즉, n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄λŠ” 0λΆ€ν„° N-5κΉŒμ§€μ˜ ν”½μ…€λ§Œ 쑴재
 C(cost ftn)에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•œ μ§€μ μ˜ w λ³€ν™”λŸ‰μ€ ν•΄λ‹Ή wκ°€ κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ”
λͺ¨λ“  z의 C에 λŒ€ν•œ λ³€ν™”λŸ‰ 계산이 ν•„μš”ν•¨
οƒΌοƒΌ
5
n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄
π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
5
π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1
𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛+1
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
𝑙=0
5βˆ’1
π‘š=0
5βˆ’1
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1
πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛+1
οƒΌοƒΌ
2. n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ a와 n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ z의 관계 ν’€κΈ°
μ™œ l = 0, …, 4, m = 0, ..., 4 인가?
 n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ ν•œ μ§€μ μ˜ aλŠ” n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄μ˜ 5X5개 z에 기여함
 λ”°λΌμ„œ, C(cost ftn)에 λŒ€ν•œ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ a의 λ³€ν™”λŸ‰μ€ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄μ˜
aκ°€ 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ” n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ λͺ¨λ“  z의 C에 λŒ€ν•œ λ³€ν™”λŸ‰ 계산이 ν•„μš”ν•¨
1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛+1
3. 정리
1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š
𝑛 =
𝑗=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘˜=0
π‘βˆ’5
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 πœŽβ€² 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š
𝑛 =
𝑗=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘˜=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
≑
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
=
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛+1
πœŽβ€²
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
=
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
π›Ώπ‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1
𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛+1
πœŽβ€²
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 =
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 = 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
4. Vanilla MLP와 비ꡐ
𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
=
𝑙=0
4
π‘š=0
4
π›Ώπ‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š
𝑛+1
𝑀𝑙,π‘š
𝑛+1
πœŽβ€²
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛 = 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š
𝑛 =
𝑗=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘˜=0
π‘βˆ’5
π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š
π‘›βˆ’1
𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산
MLP Conv Net
2단계: Max Pooling λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산
n-1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄
𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
𝑧𝑗:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1
π‘›βˆ’1
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1
π‘›βˆ’1 =
πœ•πΆ
πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜
𝑛
0, if 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
β‰  𝑧𝑗:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1
π‘›βˆ’1
(≑ 𝛿𝑗:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1
π‘›βˆ’1
)
(≑ 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜
𝑛
)
End of Document

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CNN(Convolutional Neural Nets) backpropagation

  • 2.  λͺ©ν‘œ : Conv Net의 Cost ν•¨μˆ˜λ₯Ό μ΅œμ†Œν™”ν•˜λŠ” νŒŒλΌλ―Έν„° w, b 계산 λ”°λΌμ„œ, Cost ν•¨μˆ˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ w νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„, b νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„μ„ κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λͺ©ν‘œ  유의 사항 : 2차원 평면 μƒμ˜ 계산, μ •ν™•ν•œ notation 그리고 chain rule 적용 이해 ν•„μš” β€» Michael Nielsen 웹뢁(http://neuralnetworksanddeeplearning.com/)의 notation에 따름 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š 𝑛 = ? πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = ? λ”°λΌμ„œ, μ•„λž˜ 두 νŽΈλ―ΈλΆ„ 값을 κ΅¬ν•˜λŠ” 것이 λ³Έ μŠ¬λΌμ΄λ“œμ˜ λͺ©μ 
  • 3. 1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산 1. n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ w와 z의 관계 ν’€κΈ° N N 5 n-1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝜎 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 + 𝑏𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 ≑ 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 + 𝑏𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝜎 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 ≑ πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š 𝑛 = 𝑗=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘˜=0 π‘βˆ’5 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š 𝑛 = 𝑗=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘˜=0 π‘βˆ’5 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœŽβ€² 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 μ™œ j = 0, …, N-5, k = 0, ..., N-5 인가?  n-1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄μ—μ„œ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 맀핑이 conv둜 인해 쀄어듀어 있음  즉, n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄λŠ” 0λΆ€ν„° N-5κΉŒμ§€μ˜ ν”½μ…€λ§Œ 쑴재  C(cost ftn)에 λŒ€ν•œ ν•œ μ§€μ μ˜ w λ³€ν™”λŸ‰μ€ ν•΄λ‹Ή wκ°€ κ΄€μ—¬ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  z의 C에 λŒ€ν•œ λ³€ν™”λŸ‰ 계산이 ν•„μš”ν•¨ οƒΌοƒΌ
  • 4. 5 n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 5 π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛+1 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝑙=0 5βˆ’1 π‘š=0 5βˆ’1 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛+1 οƒΌοƒΌ 2. n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ a와 n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ z의 관계 ν’€κΈ° μ™œ l = 0, …, 4, m = 0, ..., 4 인가?  n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ ν•œ μ§€μ μ˜ aλŠ” n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄μ˜ 5X5개 z에 기여함  λ”°λΌμ„œ, C(cost ftn)에 λŒ€ν•œ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ a의 λ³€ν™”λŸ‰μ€ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄μ˜ aκ°€ 영ν–₯을 μ£ΌλŠ” n+1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ λͺ¨λ“  z의 C에 λŒ€ν•œ λ³€ν™”λŸ‰ 계산이 ν•„μš”ν•¨ 1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산
  • 5. πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛+1 3. 정리 1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š 𝑛 = 𝑗=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘˜=0 π‘βˆ’5 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘Žπ‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœŽβ€² 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š 𝑛 = 𝑗=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘˜=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 ≑ πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛+1 πœŽβ€² 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 π›Ώπ‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛+1 πœŽβ€² 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛
  • 6. 4. Vanilla MLP와 비ꡐ 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝑙=0 4 π‘š=0 4 π›Ώπ‘—βˆ’π‘™,π‘˜βˆ’π‘š 𝑛+1 𝑀𝑙,π‘š 𝑛+1 πœŽβ€² 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 = 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘€π‘™,π‘š 𝑛 = 𝑗=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘˜=0 π‘βˆ’5 π‘Žπ‘—+𝑙,π‘˜+π‘š π‘›βˆ’1 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 1단계: Conv λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산 MLP Conv Net
  • 7. 2단계: Max Pooling λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 계산 n-1 λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ n λ ˆμ΄μ–΄ 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 𝑧𝑗:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1 π‘›βˆ’1 πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1 π‘›βˆ’1 = πœ•πΆ πœ•π‘§π‘—,π‘˜ 𝑛 0, if 𝑧𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 β‰  𝑧𝑗:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1 π‘›βˆ’1 (≑ 𝛿𝑗:𝑗+1,π‘˜:π‘˜+1 π‘›βˆ’1 ) (≑ 𝛿𝑗,π‘˜ 𝑛 )