Bill of Rights

1. The Bill of Rights
States Ratify the Constitution

2. Warm Up

3. Warm Up
• What is a “bill of rights”?
• What is an “amendment”?
• Who is the “Father of the Constitution”?
• What is due on Friday?

4. Objectives

5. Objectives
• Identify the reason the Constitution was
finally ratified

6. Objectives
• Identify the reason the Constitution was
finally ratified
• Recognize the first ten amendments to the
Constitution (Bill of Rights)

7. Objectives
• Identify the reason the Constitution was
finally ratified
• Recognize the first ten amendments to the
Constitution (Bill of Rights)
• Complete the “You are the Judge” activity

8. Main Idea

9. Main Idea
• Debates raged among the states
over ratification of the
Constitution, and was only
achieved when a Bill of Rights
was promised.

10. I. Ratification Needed

11. I. Ratification Needed
A. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the
new Constitution

12. I. Ratification Needed
A. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the
new Constitution
B. Arguments raged for a year between the
Federalists and Antifederalists

13. I. Ratification Needed
A. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the
new Constitution
B. Arguments raged for a year between the
Federalists and Antifederalists
C. July of 1788 9 of 13 states voted to ratify, and the
Constitution went into affect

14. I. Ratification Needed
A. To be approved, 9 out of 13 states had to ratify the
new Constitution
B. Arguments raged for a year between the
Federalists and Antifederalists
C. July of 1788 9 of 13 states voted to ratify, and the
Constitution went into affect
D. Only ratified because of a Bill or Rights

15. II. Early Changes

16. II. Early Changes
A. Framers had established a way to
amend: or change the Constitution

17. II. Early Changes
A. Framers had established a way to
amend: or change the Constitution
B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of
Rights

18. II. Early Changes
A. Framers had established a way to
amend: or change the Constitution
B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of
Rights
- rights that belonged to all man kind

19. II. Early Changes
A. Framers had established a way to
amend: or change the Constitution
B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of
Rights
- rights that belonged to all man kind
- prevents the government from taking them away

20. II. Early Changes
A. Framers had established a way to
amend: or change the Constitution
B. In 1791 first 10 amendments were made: the Bill of
Rights
- rights that belonged to all man kind
- prevents the government from taking them away
- written by James Madison

21. Activity
New Jersey
v.
T.L.O.

22. Conclusion

23. Conclusion
The Court ruled by a margin of 6-3 in favor of New Jersey. The Court recognized
that students in public schools have a constitutional right to privacy under the
4th Amendment and that school officials are bound by constitutional restrictions.
But the opinion also stated that the rights of children and adolescents are
not the same as those of adults and that school officials have a
responsibility to maintain the discipline necessary for education. “The
school setting,” requires some modification of the level of suspicion of illicit
activity needed to justify a search.” The rights of students must be balanced
against the needs of the school setting.

24. Conclusion
The Court ruled by a margin of 6-3 in favor of New Jersey. The Court recognized
that students in public schools have a constitutional right to privacy under the
4th Amendment and that school officials are bound by constitutional restrictions.
But the opinion also stated that the rights of children and adolescents are
not the same as those of adults and that school officials have a
responsibility to maintain the discipline necessary for education. “The
school setting,” requires some modification of the level of suspicion of illicit
activity needed to justify a search.” The rights of students must be balanced
against the needs of the school setting.
In other words, in a school, a search could be reasonable under the 4th
Amendment without probable cause, so long as it was supported by reasonable
suspicion or reasonable cause. The assistant vice-principal's search was
considered reasonable under this definition.