1. 
Louise Briot, Héloïse Dubois, Rémy Durfort, Pauline Maridat

2. ICT
India
Pune

3. Where is Pune?

5. Area
2 Maharashtra France
Population
Maharashtra 2 France

6. What are Pune
ICT clusters’
stakes ?

7. PESTEL

8. PESTEL
Politics

9. Politics
Politically stable
But…

10. Politics
Tensions between
Politically stable centralization & separatist
But… tendencies
Community tensions
Income Inequalities
Corruption

11. Monetary policy
Orthodox monetary policy -
Reserve Bank of India
Rupee : fixed exchange rate
with the US dollar

12. PESTEL
Economics

13. India’s growth 5,4%
India France
10.10%
6.80%
5.40%
1.70% 1.70%
0.10%
2010 2011 2012
© CIA World Factbook

14. Inflation and
interest
195th /224 10,8%
High inflation High interest rate
9,2% 90th /181
© CIA World Factbook

15. ICT sector in India
Share of ICT in exportations (%)
60
50
40
services
30
exportations
20 goods
10 exportations
50% 0
2003
2000
2001
2002
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Exportations in 2010
are ICT good or
services

16. ICT sector in India
Opportunities Challenges
• 1st country in offshore • Wages increase  upmarket
computer services • Differenciation thanks to
innovation
• Low wages • More qualified laborforce
• Good level of english • Lowest broadcast of ITC in
emerging Asia
and mathematics • Develop internal market
• Democratic stability • Possibility of telecommuting

17. ICT sector in Pune
Little Asian Sillycon
Valley
Positive
externalities
Saturation
of New
Delhi &
Mumbai

18. PESTEL
Social

19. Social
inequalities

20. Education
• Masters in
ICT
• English
• Lack of ressources
• illiteracy rate
• Gap men vs women, urban vs rural
zones and casts
• few in higher schools

21. Health
• Decrease of Maternal
mortality 1990−2010
(MDGs)
• Young population
• Inequalities rural vs urban,
• indrinkable water
• Lack access to improved sanitation
• Unbreathable in Pune

22. Living conditions
40% of the population lives in slums
57% of the population lives in rural zones
and work in agriculture
29,8% below national poverty line in 2010

23. PESTEL
Technology

24. Patents
45000
40000
35000
30000
25000 Resident
20000
Non resident and
15000 abroad
10000
5000
0
1997 1999 2001 2003 2005 2007 2009 2011

25. Energy is the
main concern

26. Energy for
clusters

27. Network is the key

28. Network is the key

29. PESTEL
Environment

30. Wheather
Tough weather
Vulnerable
country to
climate changes

31. Pollution
Polluted air
Congestion
Long time
Sound and olfactory pollution

32. Pollution
Little regulation regarding
pollution and recycling

33. Pollution
Little regulation regarding
pollution and recycling
BUT…

34. Green technologies
In IT Parks Renewable
energy, energetic
potential
Biomass
Solar and wind energy
Ministry of new and
sustainable energies
since 1992

35. PESTEL
Legislation

36. Little regulation

37. Little regulation
Great
flexibility

38. Indian government is pro-active and tries to
take actions favorable to IT development
and to attract FDI

39. Special Economic Zones &
legislation
SEZ = Duty-free enclaves
Powers : infrastructure, workers' rights
, energy, water
4 SEZ in Pune

40. IT clusters
7 intelligent buildings
3 Public IT Parks

41. Great power over spacial
development
Great
responsibilites

42. 
Thank you for your attention
Louise Briot, Héloïse Dubois, Rémy Durfort, Pauline Maridat