Diabetes is a disease that affects the body's ability to produce or use insulin. There are two main types of diabetes: type 1, where the body does not produce insulin, and type 2, where cells do not respond properly to insulin. Over 25 million Americans have diabetes, with rates increasing with age. Diabetes is diagnosed through blood tests and managed through lifestyle changes like diet and exercise or medical treatment like insulin or other medications. While there is no known way to prevent type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes risk can be reduced through maintaining a healthy weight and being physically active.

2. Diabetes
A disease that effects your body’s ability to produce or
use insulin
Insulin is a hormone produced in the pancreas that
regulates the metabolism of glucose and other
nutrients.

3. Types of Diabetes
Type 1 diabetes is a chronic condition in which the
pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone
needed to allow sugar (glucose) to enter cells to
produce energy.
 Type 2 diabetes is a chronic condition that affects
the way your body metabolizes sugar (glucose), your
body's main source of fuel.

4. Incidence of Diabetes in US
 Total: 25.8 million children and adults in the United States—8.3% of the population—have diabetes.
 Under 20 years of age
 •215,000, or 0.26% of all people in this age group have diabetes
 •About 1 in every 400 children and adolescents has diabetes
 Age 20 years or older
 •25.6 million, or 11.3% of all people in this age group have diabetes
 Age 65 years or older
 •10.9 million, or 26.9% of all people in this age group have diabetes
 Men
 •13.0 million, or 11.8% of all men aged 20 years or older have diabetes
 Women
 •12.6 million, or 10.8% of all women aged 20 years or older have diabetes

5. Causes
Type 1: genetic predisposition and environmental
factors
Viruses may trigger the disease in genetically
susceptible individuals
Produce no insulin in the pancreas
Type 2:
Obesity; poor diet
Lack of physical activity
High blood pressure

6. Symptoms
 Type 1:
 Unexplained weight loss (even though you are eating
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and feel hungry)
Insulin Shock
Loss of consciousness (rare)
Diabetic Coma
Hypoglycemia(low blood sugar)
Blurred vision
Fatigue

7. Symptoms continued
Type 2:
Increased thirst and frequent urination.
Increased hunger/weight gain
Fatigue
Blurred vision
Diabetic Coma

8. Diagnosis and Tests of Diabetes
Random blood sugar test
Fasting Blood Glucose (FBG)
Glycated hemoglobin (A1C) test

9. Prevention
Type 1
Unknown way to prevent
Researchers are working on preventing the disease or
further destruction of the islet cells in people who are
newly diagnosed
Type 2
 stay at a healthy weight/Eat healthy
Increase physical actives
Lose weight
Lower your blood sugar

10. Treatment
Type 1
Taking insulin
Exercising regularly and maintaining a healthy weight
Eating healthy foods
Monitoring blood sugar
Type 2
Blood sugar monitoring
Healthy eating
Regular exercise
Possibly, diabetes medication or insulin therapy

11. Outlook
Caused by the body’s inability to process and use
sugar. If the body does not produce enough of the
hormone insulin, cells “starve”. Two specific
conditions are insulin shock and diabetic coma.