Sickle cell Anemia is known as being a fatal hereditary form of anemia, it is recognized by its abnormal red blood cells having a crescent shape due to the effect of hemoglobin S found in the cells.
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In the United States approximately 1 in every 375 African Americans are born with Sickle Cell Disease each year.
Sickle Cell Anemia is most common among people whose ancestors came from sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking regions in the Western Hemisphere (South America, the Caribbean, and Central America); Saudi Arabia; India; and Mediterranean countries such as Turkey, Greece, and Italy.
Sickle Cell Anemia occurs more often among people from parts of the world where Malaria is common.
Interesting Fact: People who have the sickle cell trait, (gene) are less likely to have severe forms of Malaria.
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Sickle Cell Anemia
1.
2. Sickle cell Anemia is known as being a fatal hereditary
form of anemia, it is recognized by its abnormal red blood
cells having a crescent shape due to the effect of
hemoglobin S found in the cells.
3. In the United States approximately 1 in
every 375 African Americans are born
with Sickle Cell Disease each year.
Sickle Cell Anemia is most common
among people whose ancestors came from
sub-Saharan Africa; Spanish-speaking
regions in the Western Hemisphere (South
America, the Caribbean, and Central
America); Saudi Arabia; India; and
Mediterranean countries such as Turkey,
Greece, and Italy.
Sickle Cell Anemia occurs more often
among people from parts of the world
where Malaria is common.
Interesting Fact: People who have the
sickle cell trait, (gene) are less likely to
have severe forms of Malaria.
4. Most symptoms present within birth until 4 months of age,
Shortness of breath
Dizziness, Headaches, coldness in the hands and feet
Pale skin
Jaundice ( a yellowish color of the skin, or white of the eyes.
Some people may have mild symptoms while others have more
severe cases of these symptoms.
5. Sickle Cell Disease Severe Symptoms :
Sickle Cell Crisis: sudden pain throughout the body, this pain
affects the bones, lungs, abdomen, and joints. (This happens
when sickle shaped cells block blood flow to the limbs and
organs causing organ and tissue damage.
Hand- Foot Syndrome: blocks the small blood vessels in the
hands and feet in children, leads to pain, swelling, and fever.
Swelling in back of the hands and feet that spread to fingers
and toes.
Splenic Crisis: spleen (found in the abdomen) fails to filter
abnormal red blood cells and fight infection.
Infections
Acute Chest Syndrome
Pulmonary hypertension: shortness of breath and fatigue
6. Strokes
Eye problems
Gallstones – too much bilirubin (which is a
compound broken down by hemoglobin
protein) that leads to stones in the
gallbladder.
Sores found in the legs, usually begin as
small, raised, crusted sores on the lower
third of the leg.
Multiple organ failure
7. Can be
detected
with a
simple
blood test to
detect sickle
cell
hemoglobin
In the United
States, all States
mandate testing
for sickle cell
anemia as part of
their newborn
screening
programs
8. Prevention :
Genetic counseling is advised for two parents
who plan to have a child and are carrier of the
sickle cell trait
1 in 12 African Americans are carriers of this
trait
It can be diagnosed within 10 weeks of
pregnancy
Sickle cell cannot really be prevented, however
you can prevent the change in red cell shape by:
Getting enough fluids, Getting enough oxygen, and
Quickly treating infections
9. TREATMENT:
Sickle anemia itself does
not have a cure, however
It’s symptoms can be
relieved and
complications can be
treated.
Goals:
• relieve pain
• Prevent infections
• Organ damage
• Prevent at treat strokes
In some cases:
Blood & Marrow stem cell
transplants it can be a cure
for a small number of
people.
10. OUTLOOK:
People with Sickle Cell Anemia have reduced life
expectancy.
Some people with the disease can remain without
symptoms for years, while others don’t survive
beyond infancy or early childhood.
People with Sickle Cell Anemia can survive beyond
their 50’s with treatment