Brief Introduction

1. THE PROCESS
THEORY OF
WORK

3. A content theory define motivation in terms of need
satisfaction. Content theories explain the specific
factors that motivate people. Content Theory Deal
with “what” motivates people and it is concerned
with individual needs and goals.
Process Theory deal with the “process” of
motivation and is concerned with “how” motivation
occurs.

4. A person’s motivation towards an action at any time would be determined
by an individual’s perception that a certain type of action would lead to a
specific outcome and his personal preference for this outcome.
Motivation =
*Expectancy
*instrumentality
*Valence

7. EQUITY THEORY
Equity Theory within Process Theory measures work
motivation by the amount of skills an employee possesses
and the efforts of the employer. When an employee feels
that his employer have made equal investments in each
other, he is more likely to feel motivated.
When employees perceive inequity,
the can:
•
•
•
•
Change their inputs.
Change their outcomes.
Distort perceptions of self.
Distort perception of others

8. GOAL SETTING THEORY
This theory states that goal setting is essentially linked to task
performance.
Goals indicate and give direction to an employee about what
needs to be done and how much efforts are required to be put in.
The willingness to work towards attainment of goal is main
source of job motivation.
Goals should be realistic and challenging.