1. FEMTOCELLS TECHNOLOGY
By
Mr. Adhiraj Kapur
Reg. No.: 120907049
Roll No.: 07 , Section: A
Seminar Presentation
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal

2. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Contents
• Introduction
• History Of Femtocell
• How Do Femtocells Work
• Why Femtocell
• Features Of Femtocell
• User Benefits
• Operator Benefits
• Advantages Of Femtocells
• Conclusion

3. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Introduction
•A femtocell is a small cellular base station designed for use in
residential or small business environments
• It connects to the service provider’s network via broadband
(such as DSL or cable) and typically supports 2 to 5 mobile
phones in a residential setting
• A femtocell allows service providers to extend service
coverage inside of your home - especially where access would
otherwise be limited or unavailable - without the need for
expensive cellular towers
• It also decreases backhaul costs since it routes your mobile
phone traffic through the IP network
• A femtocell is sometimes referred to as a “home base
station”, “access point base station”, “3G access point”,
“small cellular base station” and “personal 2G-3G base
station”

4. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
History Of Femtocell
•The first interest in femtocells started around 2002 when a group of
engineers at Motorola were investigating possible new applications
and methodologies that could be used with mobile communications.
•A couple of years later in 2004, the idea was beginning to gain some
momentum and a variety of companies were looking into the idea.
•With the idea gaining momentum, and many more companies
investigating femto cell technology, the Femto Forum was set up in
July 2007. Its aim was to promote the wide-scale adoption of
femtocells. With mounting industry pressure to be able to deploy
femto cell technology, the Femto Forum also played a coordinating
role in ensuring that the standards were agreed and released as fast as
possible.

5. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
How do femtocells work ?

6. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
 Technical motivation
• Reduced separation distance between transmitter and receiver
• Interference is isolated by building structure
• Limited number of users
 Business motivation
• Half of voice calls and a majority of data traffic originate indoor
• Operators expand network capacity and coverage without much
investments on infrastructure.
• Subscribers get better radio service at low price
Why Femtocell ?

7. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Features of Femtocell
• Operates in the licensed spectrum
• Uses fixed broadband connection for backhaul
• It is managed by the NAP
• The backhaul service provider may be different from NAP/NSP
• Principally intended for home and SOHO
• Lower cost than PicoBS
• Smaller coverage (low power) than PicoBS
• Smaller number of subscriber (ten or less) than PicoBS
• Higher density

8. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Users Benefits
•Reduced “in home” call charges.
•Improved indoor coverage (Base station in your bedroom).
•Continued use of current handset.
•Reduced battery drain.
•Fast/Higher performance 3G services.

9. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Operators’ benefits
•Improves coverage.
•Reduces backhaul traffic.
•Provides capacity enhancements.
•Reduces churn.
•Easy Radio Coverage for rural areas.
•Where there is ADSL you can have mobility.
•Stimulates 3G usage.
•Addresses the fixed mobile convergence market with a highly
attractive and efficient solution

10. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Advantages Of Femtocell
1.Low Device Cost:
efficient, low-cost power amplifiers, highly sensitive receivers, flexible channel
bandwidth, reliable RF filters; low cost and low power implementation; etc.
2.System Interference Management:
minimize interference to macro (and vice versa); minimize interference to
adjacent femtos; coping with unplanned rollouts; coverage estimation, interference
cancellation; etc.
3.Femtocell Capacity Maximization:
link and access management (handover, admission control, resource
management, load balancing and flow control); dynamic bandwidth allocation and
sharing; etc.
4.Backhaul Issues:
wired or wireless backhaul, reducing signaling load, QoS provisioning and
traffic priorization, joint access and backhaul design; etc.
5.Viable System Architecture:
control & data planes, access control, authentication, local breakout, efficient
forwarding, seamless mobility, zero-config, etc.

11. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal

12. • FUTURE SCOPE
Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal

13. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
Conclusion
•Femtocell extends the high-data rate service coverage of UMTS to indoor
environment
Higher spectral efficiency due to short range and well isolation
With massive deployment, a solution for ubiquitous mobile broadband
access
•A range of case studies verify CSG femtocell operation
Interference locally distributed
Flexible spectrum scheme is efficient to reduce uplink outage rate
•Mobile teletrauma use case:
With a certain level of femtocell penetration ratio, the service can be
delivered with sufficient low outage rate
At least an order of magnitude reduction in service outage rates when
femtocells are utilized, compared with macrocell only case
•Downlink direction study is also interesting and beneficial to complete the use
case study. In the long term, the research direction is LTE femtocell

14. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
References
•Haddad, Y.; Porrat, D.; Femtocell: Opportunities and challenges of the home cellular base
station for 3G; Proceedings of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007.
Washington DC, USA, pp. 3317-3321.
•Choi D, Monajemi P, Kang S, Villasenor J; Dealing with Loud Neighbors: The benefits
and Tradeoffs of Adaptive Femtocell Access; IEEE Global Telecommunications
Conference, 2008.
•Chandrasekhar V, Andrews J, Gatherer A; Femtocell networks: a survey; IEEE
Communications Magazine, Volume 46, 2008.
• Chandrasekhar V. and Andrews J.; Uplink Capacity & Interference Avoidance for Two-
Tier Networks; Proceedings of IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, 2007.
Washington DC, USA; Pages 3322-3326.
•Rao Y.S., Wing-Cheong Yeung, Kripalani A.; Third generation (3G) Radio Access
Standards;
International Conference on Communication Technology Proceedings, Beijing; 21st August
2000
- 25th Aug 2000; Volume 2, pages 1017 – 1023.
• Shu-ping Yeh, Talwar S., Seong-choon Lee, Heechang Kim; WiMAX femtocells: a
perspective on network architecture, capacity and coverage; IEEE Communications
Magazine; Issue Date: October 2008; Volume 46, Issue 10; Pages 58 – 65.

15. Department of Electronics and Communication Engineering, MIT, Manipal
THANK YOU