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Chapter 11: Storage and File Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Classification of Physical Storage Media ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Physical Storage Media ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Physical Storage Media (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Physical Storage Media (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Physical Storage Media (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Storage Hierarchy (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Magnetic Hard Disk Mechanism NOTE: Diagram is schematic, and simplifies the structure of actual disk drives

Magnetic Disks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Magnetic Disks (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Disk Subsystem ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Performance Measures of Disks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Performance Measures (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Optimization of Disk-Block Access ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Optimization of Disk Block Access (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Optimization of Disk Block Access (Cont.)

RAID ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Improvement of Reliability via Redundancy ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Improvement in Performance via Parallelism ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RAID Levels ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RAID Levels (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RAID Levels (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RAID Levels (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

RAID Levels (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object]

Choice of RAID Level ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Choice of RAID Level (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Issues ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Issues (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Optical Disks ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Magnetic Tapes ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Storage Access ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Buffer Manager ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Buffer-Replacement Policies ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Buffer-Replacement Policies (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

File Organization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Fixed-Length Records ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Free Lists ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Variable-Length Records ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Variable-Length Records: Slotted Page Structure ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Variable-Length Records (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pointer Method ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Pointer Method (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Organization of Records in Files ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Sequential File Organization ,[object Object],[object Object]

Sequential File Organization (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Clustering File Organization ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Data Dictionary Storage ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Data dictionary (also called system catalog ) stores metadata : that is, data about data, such as

Data Dictionary Storage (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],Relation-metadata = ( relation-name , number-of-attributes, storage-organization, location) Attribute-metadata = ( attribute-name, relation-name , domain-type, position, length) User-metadata = ( user-name , encrypted-password, group) Index-metadata = ( index-name, relation-name , index-type, index-attributes) View-metadata = ( view-name , definition)

Mapping of Objects to Files ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Mapping of Objects to Files (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Management of Persistent Pointers ,[object Object]

Management of Persistent Pointers (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Swizzling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Swizzling ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Swizzling (Cont.) ,[object Object]

Hardware Swizzling (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Swizzling (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Hardware Swizzling (Cont.) ,[object Object],[object Object],Page image after swizzling

Disk versus Memory Structure of Objects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Large Objects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

Modifying Large Objects ,[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object],[object Object]

File Containing account Records

File of Figure 11.6, with Record 2 Deleted and All Records Moved

File of Figure 11.6, With Record 2 deleted and Final Record Moved

Byte-String Representation of Variable-Length Records

Clustering File Structure With Pointer Chains

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