In this ppt, detailed study of RFID technology has been explained with applications in various fields

2.  Introduction
 Components in RFID technology
 Electronic Product Code [EPC]
 Frequency Bands of RFID
 Working of RFID System
 Advantages of RFID technology
 Applications Of RFID
 Conclusion

3.  RFID [Radio Frequency Identification] is a
technology to electronically record the presence of an
object using radio signals.
 This technology is used for automatically identifying
a person, a package or an item.
 RFID is not a replacement for the bar coding, but a
complement for distant reading of codes.

4.  Tag (contains the ID, or serial number)
 Reader with an antenna (reads the information from
the tag)
 Computer (gets the information from the reader and
stores it)

5. RFID Tags
RFID tag is a transponder that will transmit, identity
information over a distance, when asked.
It is an object that can be incorporated into a
product, animal for identification and tracking using
radio waves.
These tags can be read without the line of sight from
the reader.
The tag information is stored in non-volatile
memory

6. The RFID tag contains two parts
 An integrated circuit for storing and processing
information, modulating and de-modulating a RF
signal.
 An antenna for receiving and transmitting the signal.

7. An Electronic Product Code (EPC) is one common
type of data stored in a tag.
When written into the tag by an RFID printer, the tag
contains a 96-bit string of data.
 The first 8 bits are a header which identifies the
version of the protocol.
Electronic Product Code [EPC]

8.  The next 28 bits identify the organization that
manages the data for this tag.
 The next 24 bits identifies the kind of product.
 The last 36 bits are a unique serial number for a
particular tag.
 The last 2 fields are set by the organization that issued
the tag
EPC [Contd…]

9. 1. Active Tag
Have their own internal power source
Many operate at fixed intervals
Large, Much larger memories, Longer
range
TAG TYPES

10. 2. Passive Tag
Have no internal power supply
Electrical current induced in antenna by the
incoming signal provides power for integrated
circuit in tag to power up and transmit response
Very Small i.e.Thinner than a sheet of paper,
Limited Range, Unlimited Life
TAG TYPES [Contd..]

11. 3. Semi Passive Tag
Similar to passive tags, with the
addition of a small battery
Battery powers the integrated circuit
Bigger, Longer Range, Limited Life
TAG TYPES [Contd…]

12. RFID Reader
A compact and light weight hand held device &
Comfortable to use.
a) Stationary
Reader
b) Mobile
Reader
c) Reader
embedded
glove

13. Frequency Ranges
Low Frequency(LF) 125-148kHz
High Frequency(HF) 13.56MHz
Ultra High Frequency(UHF) 850-900MHz
 RFID tags and readers have to be tuned to different
frequency to communicate.

14. Working of RFID System

15. An RFID reader transmits radio signal to the tag.
The reader broadcast the RF signal through antenna.
The tag receives the signal and get charged up if it
is a passive tag and then responses to the reader.
While it is a active tag it will respond after
receiving the signal from the reader.
 The RFID tag receives the message and then
responds with its identification and other
information.
Working of RFID System[contd..]

16.  The information may be serial number, or
product-related information such as a stock
number, lot or batch number, production date, or
other specific information
Then the antenna reads the data and sends to
reader.
The reader sends the information to computer for
processing the information
Working of RFID [contd…]

17. Difference between RFID and Bar codes
Technology Bar Code RFID
Line of Sight Required Not Required
Number of Items
that can be scanned
at a time
One Multiple
Automation &
Accuracy
Manual and
errors occur
Fully automated and
highly accurate
Data Storage Limited
codes
Up to several KB data

18.  Not require line of sight
 Greater durability
 Can be used many times
 Multiple reads
 Memory space
 Very small (0.05mm × 0.05mm).
Advantages of RFID technology

19.  In Hospitals
 In Libraries
 Airport
 Animal Traceability
 Defence applications
 Document Tracking
 Tracking Prisoners
 Manufacturing
 Automatic toll collections

20.  RFID system can be used to track patients, doctors and
expensive equipment in hospitals in real time.
 RFID tags can be attached to the ID bracelets of the
patients requiring special attention, so their location can
be tracked continuously.

21. 21
 Human implantable RFID tag operating at about 134 KHz
because at these frequencies the RF can penetrate mud, blood,
and water
 About the size of uncooked grain of rice
 Used in Healthcare applications

22.  RFID provides more efficient tracking of
materials throughout the library, including
easier and faster charge and discharge.
Animal Tracking
 It is used to trace the animals which are in the verge of
extinction.

23. Airports
 RFID in airports can save time for both passengers and
airport personnel and increase customer satisfaction.
 Bags provided with RFID Tags speed up baggage
check-in for passengers at check-in stations.
 The technology also allows airport workers to more
easily sort and track baggage, leading to faster delivery
of luggage to travelers.

24.  Vehicles will hold a RFID tag which contains unique identification number
assigned by RTO.
 In accordance with that number all basic information as well as the amount
which has been paid in advance for Toll collection.
 The amount will be deducted from his prepaid balance.
 Incase of insufficient balance, an alarm will be set up externally in this case
which is used to trap the vehicle.
 By using RFID, vehicles don’t have to stop in queue, it assures time saving
and fuel conservation.

25. RFID technology provides an easy way to manage a huge &
laborious manufacturing.
Defence Purpose
Placing RFID tags on devices, army vehicles, guns even personnel we can
have real time information for their movements in and out specified areas.

26.  RFID, is an emerging technology which can be used for a
variety of applications.
 Though there are many firms employing this technology
today, but due to its continuing improvement various
communities are beginning to get involved in its
development.