A computer cluster is a group of linked computers, working together closely so that in many respects they form a single computer

1. CLUSTER COMPUTING
A Seminar on
Presented by :
Name – Balvant V. Biradar
Roll No. – 001
Class – M.Sc. C.S. – S.Y. (IV - Semester)

2. This Seminar Covers…
• Introduction to Cluster Computing
• Types of Clusters
• Cluster Components
• Cluster Operation
• Cluster Applications
• References

3. ABSTRACT
• A computer cluster is a group of linked computers,
working together closely so that in many respects they
form a single computer
• The major objective in the cluster is utilizing a group of
processing nodes so as to complete the assigned job
in a minimum amount of time by working
cooperatively. The main and important strategy to
achieve such objective is by transferring the extra
loads from busy nodes to idle nodes.
• The seminar will contain the concepts of cluster
computing and the principles involved in it.

4. Introduction
• Background Study
– Super , Mainframe computers are not cost
effective
– Cluster technologies have been developed
that allow multiple low cost computers to
work in a coordinated fashion to process
applications
– These are cost effective and provides
performance and flexibility

5. What is cluster computing
• Cluster computing is best characterized as
the integration of a number of off-the-shelf
commodity computers and resources
integrated through hardware, networks, and
software to behave as a single computer

6. Cluster Benefits
• Scalability, a cluster uses the combined
processing power of compute nodes to run
cluster-enabled applications
• Availability, within the cluster is assured as
nodes within the cluster provide backup to
each other in the event of a failure
• Performance, an additional benefit comes
with the existence of a single system image
and the ease of manageability of the cluster

7. TYPES OF CLUSTER
• High Availability or Failover Clusters
– designed to provide uninterrupted
availability of data or services to the end-
user community
– Used to implement database, mail, file
print, web application servers.

8. TYPES OF CLUSTER cont..
• Load Balancing Cluster
– distributes incoming requests for resources
or content among multiple nodes running
the same programs or having the same
content

9. TYPES OF CLUSTER cont..
• Parallel/Distributed Processing Clusters
– A parallel cluster is a system that uses a
number of nodes to simultaneously solve a
specific computational or data-mining task
– typically used for- mathematical
computation, scientific analysis and
financial data analysis

10. CLUSTER COMPONENTS
• The basic building blocks of clusters are broken down
into multiple categories: the cluster nodes, cluster
operating system, network switching hardware and
the node/switch interconnect

11. CLUSTER OPERATION
• Cluster Nodes:
– migrated from the conventional tower cases to single rack-
unit multiprocessor systems
– responsible for running the file system and also serves as
the key system

12. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• Cluster Network:
– availability of high speed, low-latency network switch
technologies that provide the inter-nodal communications
• Network Characterization: Two primary Characteristics – bandwidth and
delay,
• Ethernet, Fast Ethernet, Gigabit Ethernet and 10-Gigabit Ethernet

13. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• Cluster Applications:
– Parallel applications exhibit a wide range of communication
behaviours and impose various requirements on the
underlying network
– Compute Intensive Applications: applies to any computer application
that demands a lot of computation cycles, are very sensitive to end-to-end
message latency
– Data or I/O Intensive Applications: applies to any application that has
high demands of attached storage facilities
– Transaction Intensive Applications: applies to any application that
has a high-level of interactive transactions between an application resource
and the cluster resources

14. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• Message Latency:
– defined as the time it takes to send a zero-length message from
one processor to another (in ms)
– is made up of aggregate latency incurred at each element within
the cluster network, including within the cluster nodes themselves

15. CLUSTER OPERATION Cont…
• CPU Utilization:
– To use computer resources as efficiently as possible

16. CLUSTER APPLICATIONS
• Few important cluster applications are:
– Google Search Engine.
– Petroleum Reservoir Simulation.
– Protein Explorer.
– Earthquake Simulation.
– Image Rendering.

17. REFERENCES
• [1]. http://icl.cs.utk.edu/iter-ref
• [2]. M. Baker, A. Apon, R. Buyya, H. Jin, “Cluster
Computing and Applications”, Encyclopedia of
Computer Science and Technology, Vol.45, Marcel
Dekker, Aug. 2006.
• [3]. D. Butenhof, Programming with POSIX Threads,
Addison-Wesley, 2000.
• [4]. R. Buyya (ed.), High Performance Cluster
Computing: Systems and Architectures, Prentice
Hall, 2007.

18. Thank you...
Presented by :
Name – Balvant V. Biradar
Roll No. – 001
Class – M.Sc. C.S. – S.Y. (IV - Semester)