This document provides an introduction to robotics, including the concepts of mechanical advantage, levers, and gears. It discusses how robots often use simple machines like levers and gears to gain mechanical advantage. Lever mechanical advantage is calculated by dividing the output arm length by the input arm length. Gears are also used to provide power or speed depending on the task, with mechanical advantage calculated from the input and output gear ratios. The document uses examples of robotic arms and gear systems to demonstrate these concepts.

1. Introduction to Robotics
What are Robots

2. Overview
1. What is Mechanical Advantage (MA)
2. Calculating MA for levers
3. Calculating MA for gears (Gear Ratio)
4. Design Activity

3. Compound Machines
VS Complex Machines
•Mechanical Advantage = The ratio of the
force produced by a machine to the force
applied to it
•Mathematically it’s a ratio of
1. The output force divided by input force
2. The output arm length divided by input arm
length

4. Introduction to
Simple Machines
•All simple machine provides a Mechanical
Advantage. This advantage can be:
• Gain of speed (speed = distance/time)
• Gain of distance
• Gain of power
• Lightening of Load
• Change of direction

5. Calculating Lever MA
• Robot arms tend to use
the lever for points of
movement (degree of
freedom)
• As you can see, this arm
has 3 spots

6. Calculating Lever MA
• To calculate for MA you
can do it in 2 ways
• MA = Output arm
length/input arm length
• MA = Output
effort/Input Effort

7. Calculating Lever MA
• Can someone calculate
this arm length?
• Output arm length = 40
• Input arm length = 10

8. Compound Machine
• Almost all robots
(specifically mechanical
robots) use gears
• Gears provide either
power or speed,
depending on task

9. Compound Machine
• Wherever the main push
is, is where the input is
• Where ever the gear is
finally used, that’s the
output gears
• NOTE: gears tend to
change direction of the
force applied

10. Compound Machine
• Wherever the main push
is, is where the input is
• Where ever the gear is
finally used, that’s the
output gears
• NOTE: gears tend to
change direction of the
force applied

11. Compound Machine
What is the MA here?
Input = 12
Output = 24

12. Compound Machine
• For today assignment
• Please do handout, will provide calculators if you need it
• If you need help raise your hand
• Can help each other

13. What’s new with Programming mixed
with Bio-Tech & Robotics