s

1. Analyzing the urban functions
to prioritize urban flood resilient
actions
Damien.Serre@eivp-paris.fr
4th International Disaster and Risk Conference IDRC Davos 2012
"Integrative Risk Management in a Changing World - Pathways to a
Resilient Society"
26 -30 August 2012 ¦ Davos, Switzerland

2. 1. Research Drivers & A Scientific Response
2. Methods & Tools
3. Conclusion

3. Research Drivers & A Scientific Response

4. How to improve the performance of flood defences?
Xynthia storm, 2010, France : 53 casualties, 1 b Euros

5. How to limit the propagation effects of flood inside the urban
environment?
Des enjeux économiques
le coût des inondations représente 250 millions d’euros par an (MEDD)
Major issue for urban resilience
Soutenance de thèse – 09/12/2005 6

6. Towards a « new » concept for flood risk management
A management Increasing
focused on uncertainties
hazards
A management
Analytic and
towards Economic
vulnerability approaches
TRANSITIONING
APPROACH
Integrating urban
systems Concepts?
functionning in the Methods?
response

7. Scientific needs
A scientific response
1. Proposing methods to assess the resilience of urban technical systems
2. Designing SDSS to better decisions for resilient cities
a systemic approach of the technical urban functionning
through the concept of resilience
flood defence
strengthening
dam age
m itigation
Accepting flood water in cities m ixed strategy
Capacity of the city to function in a
degraded mode
Optimizing recovery

8. Problematic and scientific axes
Risk Analysis GIS
Graph theory MCDA
Geography Spatial analysis
Problematic
Designing flood resilient city using adapting the concept of resilience to
urban engineering :
• how to assess the resilience of the urban technical systems?
• what useful tools to set up to for urban resilience?
Assessing the resistance capacity of the A SDSS for the capacity of resistance of
technical urban systems with a risk levees
based model
A SDSS for the urban networks (3
Assessing the absorbsion and recover capacities)
capacities of the urban networks with
specific indicators A SDSS for a resilient governance of the
urban technical network

9. Methods & tools

10. A methodology for urban resilience assessment
Urban Resilience = maintening urban functions during the event and recover
Resistance Absorption Recovery
Capacities
Capacity Capacity Capacity
Assessing damages Assessing Assessing
alternatives accessibility
Objects
Levees and Networks Networks
Networks
Disciplines
Risk Geographie Geographic
based Graph Information
analysis Theory Sciences

11. Assessing the resistance capacity of urban technical systems
Risk based methods
Steps for designing a failure model
Functional analysis
⇒ Looking at functions
FMEA
⇒ Looking at failure modes and
effects
Causal graphs
⇒ representing the failure
mechanisms

12. Some Results
Modelling the failure mechanisms of the urban network and their
interactions (Serge Lhomme PhD)
Soutenance de thèse – 09/12/2005 18

13. Assessing the absorption capacity of networks
Graph theory and « structural Graph theory and « The Structure and
dimension » of risk (Gleyze, 2005) Dynamics of Networks » (Barabasi, 2006)
+ risk analysis - no connexity + all networks - no risk
- only for + connexity - no distance
transportation (clustering)
networks
assessing network redudancy with indicators combining these 2 approaches

14. Some results
Tests on the Orléans road network (Lhomme et al. 2011)

15. Tools for resilience based decision
Tools for resilience based decision
SDSS Levees SDSS Networks
Tools
Decision based on the Decision based on all
resistance capacity the capacities
Disciplines
GIS GIS
+ +
MCDA Technologies Web
Towards a SDSS for urban risk governance (Marie Toubin PhD –
Implementation of WSUD #2 session)
Participating methods + GIS + Urban Engineering

16. • Some results (1)
The SDSS Levees
Damien Serre PhD
Marc Vuillet PhD
16

17. Some results (2)
The SDSS Networks
Serge Lhomme PhD

18. Some results (2)
Networks importance for city functioning

19. Some results (3)
Base for a collaborative research of problems and solutions
Marie Toubin PhD
• Representation of interdependencies

20. Some results (3)
Case study: parisian transportation network
Marie Toubin PhD

21. Some results (3)
Spatial analysis
Marie Toubin PhD
• Local assessment of interconnections
21

22. Conclusion

23. A need for transdisciplinarity
Development of a transdisciplinary approach for more resilient cities
Disciplines mobilized for this research
Geography urban/land planning
Urban
Engineering
Risk analysis, Civil GIS
Engineering
From Geography to urban/land planning,
From urban/land planning to GIS,
From GIS to Risk Analiysis,
For a urban engineering research.