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- 1. Prepared by: MS General Science Education Central Mindanao University Education 241 Methods of Research in Education
- 2. Objectives: 1. Interpret research data; 2. Deal with expected and unexpected results
- 3. What does it mean that 55 youth reported change in behavior, or 25% of participants rated the program a 5 and 75% rated it a 4? What does these numbers mean? Why Interpret Research Results? For example,
- 4. What is Interpretation in Research? Interpretation refers to the task of drawing inferences from the data that has been collected, analyzed, and presented after an analytical and or experimental study. It involves making “inferences pertinent to the research relations” investigated from where generalizations are drawn (Calderon & Gonzales, 1993).
- 5. Interpretation reflects the researcher’s own understanding of the research results which are guided by logic and reason, established theories and previous findings.
- 7. 2 Types of Data to Interpret • Quantitative Data • Qualitative Data
- 8. Qualitative data includes narratives, logs, experience from Focus groups, interviews, open-ended survey items, diaries and journals, notes from observations and etc.
- 9. • demographic data • answers to closed-ended survey items • attendance data • scores on standardized instruments • etc. Quantitative data are data that is numerical, counted, or compared on a scale
- 10. Qualitative data interpretation tends to be more subjective in nature and many times can be influenced by the researcher’s biases ( Leed and Ormrod, 2001) Qualitative data requires understanding, digesting, synthesizing, conceptualizing descriptions of feelings, behaviors, experiences and ideas.
- 11. Interpreting numerical data or Quantitative data in order to make predictions is known as inferential statistics. Some measures used in inferential statistics include the standard error of the mean, estimators and the p-value.
- 12. Techniques in Interpreting Research Results • Give reasonable explanations of the relations found. • Find out the thread of uniformity that lies under the surface layer of diversified research findings.
- 13. Expected vs. Unexpected Results
- 14. Do you consider negative results as equivalent to bad results? Yes or No Questions: How will you deal with unexpected results?
- 15. A contradictory result does not mean that the study is bad or incorrect, but it suggest the idea of further investigation. An unexpected result maybe attributed to the research methodology- the research design, sampling procedure, the research instrument, data gathering procedure and statistical treatment.
Notas del editor
- The way data is interpreted can have varying effects on the conclusion. It can be the most important key in proving or disproving the hypothesis. Whether the result is expected or unexpected, it is imperative that the researcher should give its interpretation.
- Efforts must be put into the data collection process to eliminate bias including collecting more than one kind of data, get many different kinds of perspectives on the events being studied, purposely look for contradicting informations and acknowledging your biases that relate to your research report.
- It is easy to interpret expected results because the researcher is ready for it.
- Even positive results are not exempted from having their quality questioned. Negative results can indicate novel findings or unexpected outcomes of rigorous investigations, directly or indirectly contributing to scientific discovery.