The International Journal of Computer Networks & Communications (IJCNC) is a bi monthly open access peer-reviewed journal that publishes articles which contribute new results in all areas of Computer Networks & Communications .The journal focuses on all technical and practical aspects of Computer Networks & data Communications. The goal of this journal is to bring together researchers and practitioners from academia and industry to focus on advanced networking concepts and establishing new collaborations in these areas. Authors are solicited to contribute to this journal by submitting articles that illustrate research results, projects, surveying works and industrial experiences that describe significant advances in the Computer Networks & Communications.

1. International Journal of Computer Networks &
Communications (IJCNC)
(Scopus, ERA Listed)
ISSN 0974 - 9322 (Online); 0975 - 2293 (Print)
http://airccse.org/journal/ijcnc.html
Current Issue: July 2019, Volume 11,
Number 4 --- Table of Contents
http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html

2. PAPER -01
MULTI-OBJECTIVE OPTIMIZATION ASSISTED
NETWORK CONDITION AWARE QOS-ROUTING
PROTOCOL FOR MANETS: MNCQM
Shashi Raj K1
and Siddesh G K2
1
Department of Electronics and Communication, Dayananda Sagar College of
Engineering, Bengaluru, India
2
Department of Electronics and Communication, JSS Academy of Technical Education,
Bengaluru, India
ABSTRACT
The exponential rise in wireless communication systems and allied applications has revitalized
academia-industries to achieve more efficient data transmission system to meet Quality-of-
Service (QoS) demands. Amongst major wireless communication techniques, Mobile Ad-hoc
Network (MANET) is found potential to provide decentralized and infrastructure less
communication among multiple distributed nodes across network region. However, dynamic
network conditions such as changing topology, congestion, packet drop, intrusion possibilities etc
often make MANET’s routing a tedious task. On the other hand, mobile network feature broadens
the horizon for intruders to penetrate the network and causes performance degradation. Unlike
classical MANET protocols where major efforts have been made on single network parameter
based routing decision, this research paper proposes a novel Elitist Genetic Algorithm (EGA)
Multi-Objective Optimization assisted Network Condition Aware QoS-Routing Protocol for
Mobile Ad-hoc Networks (MNCQM). Our proposed MNCQM protocol exhibits two phase
implementation where at first it performs node-profiling under dynamic network topology for
which three factors; irregular MAC information exchange, queuing overflow and topological
variations have been considered. Towards this objective node features like Packet Forwarding
Probability (PFP) at the MAC layer, Success Probability of Data Transmission (SPDT) of a
neighboring node, and Probability of Successful Data Delivery (PSDD) have been obtained to
estimate Node-Trustworthiness Index (NTI), which is further used to eliminate untrustworthy
nodes. In the second phase of implementation, a novel Evolutionary Computing assisted non-
disjoint best forwarding path selection model is developed that exploits node’s and allied link’s
connectivity and availability features to identify the quasi-sub-optimal forwarding paths. EGA
algorithm intends to reduce hop-counts, connectivity-loss and node or link unavailability to
estimate best forwarding node. One key feature of the proposed model is dual-supplementary
forwarding path selection that enables alternate path formation in case of link outage and thus
avoids any iterative network discovery phase.
KEYWORDS
MANET, QoS communication, Node-trustworthiness, Network awareness, Evolutionary
computing based routing decision.

3. For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc01.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html
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6. AUTHORS
Shashi Raj K. is a research scholar in the department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering at Dayananda Sagar College of Engineering,
Bengaluru. He has received his B.E degree in Electronics and Communication
Engineering and M.Tech degree in VLSI Design and Embedded Systems from
VTU, Belgaum. He has eleven international, one national journal publications
and three international conference publications to his credit. His research area and area of specialization
includes Wireless Networks, VLSI and Embedded systems. He is a life member
of the Indian Society for Technical Education.
Dr. Siddesh G. K. is a Professor and Head of the department of Electronics and
Communication Engineering at JSS Academy of Technical Education,
Bengaluru. He obtained his B chelors and Masters Degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from Bangalore University and Manipal Academy
of Higher Education, Karnataka respectively. He also obtained his doctrol
degree from Visvesvaraya Technological University Belgaum, Karnataka,
India. He has 20 international journal publications and 5 international conference publication to his credit.
His research area and area of specialization includes Wireless communication, Computer Networks, Image
and Data compression and Processing.

7. PAPER -02
A MAC PROTOCOL WITH DYNAMIC ALLOCATION
OF TIME SLOTS BASED ON TRAFFIC PRIORITY IN
WIRELESS BODY AREA NETWORKS
Sabin Bhandari and Sangman Moh
Department of Computer Engineering, Chosun University, Gwangju, South Korea
ABSTRACT
In a wireless body area network (WBAN), wireless biomedical sensors are placed around, on, or
inside the human body. Given specific requirements, WBANs can significantly improve
healthcare, diagnostic monitoring, and other medical services. However, the existing standards
such as IEEE 802.11 and IEEE 802.15.4 have some limitations to meet all the requirements of
WBANs. Many medium access control (MAC) protocols have been studied so far, most of which
are derived from the IEEE 802.15.4 superframe structure with some improvements and
adjustments. However, the MAC protocols do not provide the required quality of service (QoS)
for various types of traffic in a WBAN. In this paper, a traffic-aware MAC (TA-MAC) protocol
for WBANs is proposed, in which time slots are dynamically allocated on the basis of traffic
priority, providing the required QoS. According to the performance evaluation results, the
proposed TA-MAC is better than IEEE 802.15.4 MAC and the conventional priority-based MAC
in terms of transmission time, system throughput, energy efficiency, and collision ratio.
KEYWORDS
Wireless body area network; Medium access control, Energy efficiency; Quality of service;
Traffic priority; IEEE 802.15.4
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc02.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html

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10. AUTHORS
Sabin Bhandari received his B.E. degree in electronics and communication
engineering from Tribhuvan University, Nepal in 2010. He worked as a lecturer
and project assistant in Kantipur Engineering College, Nepal from 2011 to 2014.
He completed his M.E. degree in computer engineering from Chosun University,
Gwangju, South Korea in 2016. His current research interests include wireless body
area networks, wireless sensor networks, and cognitive radio.
Sangman Moh received his Ph.D. degree in computer engineering from Korea
Advanced Institute of Science and Technology (KAIST), Korea in 2002. Since late
2002, he has been a professor at the Dept. of Computer Engineering at Chosun
University, Korea. From 2006 to 2007, he was on leave at Cleveland State
University, USA. His research interests include mobile computing and networking,
ad hoc and sensor networks, cognitive radio networks, and parallel and distributed
computing systems. He has published more than 200 papers in international and
domestic journals and conference proceedings, and has held more than 40 overseas
and domestic patents. He serves on the program committees of international
conferences and workshops in his areas of interest as a chair or member. Dr. Moh
is a member of the IEEE, the ACM, the IEICE, the KIISE, the IEIE, the KIPS, the
KICS, the KMMS, the IEMEK, the KISM, and the KPEA.

11. PAPER -03
FUZZY INFORMER HOMED ROUTING PROTOCOL
FOR WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK
Gholamreza Kakamanshadi, Savita Gupta and Sukhwinder Singh
Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and
Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India
ABSTRACT
A wireless sensor network consists of severalsensor nodes. Sensor nodes collaborate to collect
meaningful environmental information and send them to the base station. During these processes,
nodes are prone to failure, due to the energy depletion, hardware or software failure, etc.
Therefore, fault tolerance and energy efficiency are two important objectives for reliable packet
delivery. To address these objectives a novel method called fuzzy informer homed routing
protocol is introduced. The proposed method tries to distribute the workload between every
sensor node. A fuzzy logic approach is used to handle uncertainties in cluster head
communication range estimation. The simulation results show that the proposed method can
significantly reduce energy consumption as compared with IHR and DHR protocols.
Furthermore, results revealed that it performs better than IHR and DHR protocols in terms of first
node dead and half of the nodes alive, throughput and total remaining energy. It is concluded that
the proposed protocol is a stable and energy efficient fault tolerance algorithm for wireless sensor
networks.
KEYWORDS
Wireless Sensor Network; Routing Protocols; Fault Tolerance; Energy Efficiency; Clustering
Algorithms; Fuzzy Logic system
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc03.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html

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Development (IT4OD), 2016, pp. 1-7.
[20] Agrawal, D. and Pandey, S., (2017)“FUCA: Fuzzy‐based unequal clustering algorithm to prolong the
lifetime of wireless sensor networks,” International Journal of Communication Systems, vol.31, no.2,
pp.1-18
[21] Shankar, T., Karthikeyan, A., Sivasankar, P., and Rajesh A., (2017)“Hybrid approach for optimal
cluster head selection in WSN using leach and monkey search algorithms,” Journal of
Engineering Science and Technology, vol.12, no.2, pp.506-517.
[22] Adhikary, D.R.D. and Mallick, D.K., (2017)“An Energy Aware Unequal Clustering Algorithm
using Fuzzy Logic for Wireless Sensor Networks,” Journal of ICT Research and Applications,
vol.11, no.1, pp.55-76.
[23] Sert, S.A., Bagci, H. and Yazici, A., (2015)“MOFCA: Multi-objective fuzzy clustering algorithm for
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[24] Logambigai, R. and Kannan, A., (2016)“Fuzzy logic based unequal clustering for wireless sensor
networks,”Wireless Networks, vol.22, no.3, pp.945-957.
AUTHOR
GholamrezaKakamanshadi received the M.Tech. degree in Computer
Engineering from BharatiVidyapeeth University, Pune, India, in 2012. He is
currently pursuing his Ph.D. in the Department of CSE, University Institute of
Engineering & Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. His research
interests are Wireless sensor network, Body area network, Internet of Things and
Network security.

14. Savita Gupta received the B.Tech and M.E. degree in both Computer Science and
Engineering. She obtained her Ph.D. degree in 2007 in the field of Medical Image
Processing. She has been into the teaching profession since 1992 and has published
more than 70 papers in refereed International Journals and conference proceedings.
Presently, she is working as Director in the University Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. She has completed various
research projects funded by various agencies like DST, AICTE, and MHRD. Her
research interests include Medical image processing, Wavelet based image
compression and denoising, Network security and Wireless sensor networks.
Sukhwinder Singh received the B.Tech degree in 1991 and M.E. degree in 1999. he
obtained his Ph.D. degree in 2006 from IIT, Roorkee. Presently, he is working as a
professor in the Department of CSE, University Institute of Engineering &
Technology, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. His research interests include
Medical Image Processing and Analysis, Biomedical Signal Processing, Information
Retrieval, Wireless Sensor Networks, Body Area Networks, Cognitive Enhancement,
Machine Intelligence.

15. PAPER -04
AN OPTIMUM ENERGY CONSUMPTION HYBRID
ALGORITHM FOR XLN STRATEGIC DESIGN IN
WSN’S
Md. Khaja Mohiddin1
and V. B. S. Srilatha Indira Dutt2
1
Research Scholar, Department of ECE, GITAM (Deemed to be University),
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India
2
Associate Professor, Department of ECE, GITAM (Deemed to be University), Visakhapatnam,
Andhra Pradesh, India
ABSTRACT
In this paper, X-Layer protocol is originated which executes mobility error prediction (MEP)
algorithm to calculate the remaining energy level of each node. This X-Layer protocol structure
employs the mobility aware protocol that senses the mobility concerned to each node with the
utilization of Ad-hoc On-Demand Distance Vector (AODV), which shares the information or data
specific to the distance among individual nodes. With the help of this theory, the neighbour list
will be updated only to those nodes which are mobile resulting in less energy consumption when
compared to all (static/mobile) other nodes in the network. Apart from the MEP algorithm,
clustering head (CH) election algorithm has also been specified to identify the relevant clusters
whether they exists within the network region or not. Also clustering multi-hop routing (CMHR)
algorithm was implemented in which the node can identify the cluster to which it belongs
depending upon the distance from each cluster surrounding the node. Finally comprising the
AODV routing protocol with the Two-Ray Ground method, we implement X-Layer protocol
structure by considering MAC protocol in accordance to IEEE 802.15.4 to obtain the best results
in energy consumption and also by reducing the energy wastage with respect to each node. The
effective results had been illustrated through Network Simulator-II platform.
KEYWORDS
IEEE 802.15.4, AODV Protocol, Two Ray Ground Propagation Model, Mobility Error Prediction
(MEP)Algorithm, Clustering Multi-Hop Routing (CMHR) Algorithm, Energy Consumption,
End-to-End Delay; Throughput

16. For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc04.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html
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.

19. AUTHORS
Md. Khaja Mohiddin received his B. Tech Degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from Al-Ameer College of Engineering & Information
Technology affiliated to JNTU, Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2009, M.Tech. Degree in
Digital Electronics & Communication Systems from Chaitanya Engineering
College affiliated to JNTU, Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2012. He is currently
pursuing the Ph.D. in Wireless Sensor Network from GITAM University,
Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. He is currently working as an Assistant
Professor in the Department of Electronics and Telecommunication Engineering,
Bhilai Institute of Technology, Raipur, (C.G.).
V. B. S. Srilatha Indira Dutt received her B. Tech. Degree in Electronics and
Communication Engineering from Nagarjuna University, Andhra Pradesh, India, in
1994, M. Tech. Degree in Radar and Microwave Engineering from Andhra
University, Andhra Pradesh, India, in 2007. She was awarded with Ph.D. degree in
Global Positioning System from the Andhra University, Andhra Pradesh, India, in
2011. She is currently working as an Associate Professor in the Department of
Electronics and Communication Engineering, GITAM Institute of Technology,
GITAM University (GITAM), Visakhapatnam, Andhra Pradesh, India. Her research
interests include Global Positioning System, Satellite Signal processing and Mobile Communications. She
published more than 40 research papers in referred international journals, and international and national
conferences.

20. PAPER -05
A FRACTAL BASED IMAGE CIPHER USING KNUTH
SHUFFLE METHOD AND DYNAMIC DIFFUSION
Shafali Agarwal
Plano, Texas 75025, USA
ABSTRACT
This paper proposes a fractal-based image encryption algorithm which follows permutation-
substitution structure to maintain confusion and diffusion properties. The scheme consists of three
phases: key generation process; pixel permutation using the Knuth shuffle method; and the
dynamic diffusion of scrambled image. A burning ship fractal function is employed to generate a
secret key sequence which is further scanned using the Hilbert transformation method to increase
the randomness. The chaotic behavior of the fractal strengthens the key sensitivity towards its
initial condition. In the permutation phase, the Knuth shuffle method is applied to a noisy plain
image to change the index value of each pixel. To substitute the pixel values, a dynamic diffusion
is suggested in which each scrambled pixel change its value by using the current key pixel and
the previously ciphered image pixel. To enhance the security of the cryptosystem, the secret key
is also modified at each encryption step by performing algebraic transformations. The visual and
numerical analysis demonstrates that the proposed scheme is reliable to secure transmission of
gray as well as color images.
KEYWORDS
Burning ship fractal, Knuth shuffle method, Image encryption, Hilbert transformation, dynamic
diffusion
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc05.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html

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AUTHOR
Shafali Agarwal has received MCA degree from UPTU, Lucknow in 2004 and
M.Phil in Computer Science from Alagappa University, Karaikudi, Tamil Nadu in
2013. She got her Ph.D. in Computer Science from Singhania University, India in
2014. She has served as a faculty member in the Department of Computer
Applications in JSSATE, Noida till June 2016. She has published more than 15
research papers in various International journals and conferences indexed in Scopus,
Emerging Sources Citation Index, Springer, ACM, Thomson Reuters, google scholar
and in many more. She was awarded a best paper presentation award in a conference
ICVISP held in Las Vegas, USA. Her research interest includes fractal, cryptography and image
processing.

25. PAPER -06
LATTICE STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS ON SNIFFING TO
DENIAL OF SERVICE ATTACKS
B.Prabadevi1
, N.Jeyanthi1
, Nur Izura Udzir2
and Dhinaharan Nagamalai3
1
School of Information Technology and Engineering, Vellore Institute of Technology,
Vellore, India
2
Department of Computer Science, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Malaysia
3
Wireilla Net Solutions, Australia
ABSTRACT
Sniffing is one of the most prominent causes for most of the attacks in the digitized computing
environment. Through various packet analyzers or sniffers available free of cost, the network
packets can be captured and analyzed. The sensitive information of the victim like user
credentials, passwords, a PIN which is of more considerable interest to the assailants’ can be
stolen through sniffers. This is the primary reason for most of the variations of DDoS attacks in
the network from a variety of its catalog of attacks. An effective and trusted framework for
detecting and preventing these sniffing has greater significance in today’s computing. A counter
hack method to avoid data theft is to encrypt sensitive information. This paper provides an
analysis of the most prominent sniffing attacks. Moreover, this is one of the most important
strides to guarantee system security. Also, a Lattice structure has been derived to prove that
sniffing is the prominent activity for DoS or DDoS attacks.
KEYWORDS
Sniffing, Sensitive Data, Intrusion Detection, DDoS, Lattice Structure;
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc05.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html

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PAPER -07

29. APPLYING GEO-ENCRYPTION AND ATTRIBUTE
BASED ENCRYPTION TO IMPLEMENT SECURE
ACCESS CONTROL IN THE CLOUD
Abu Salim1
, Sachin Tripathi2
and Rajesh Kumar Tiwari3
1
Department of Computer Science, College of CS & IT, Jazan University, Jazan,
Kingdom of Saudi Arabia (KSA)
2
Department of Computer Science Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Dhanbad,
Jharkhand, India
3
Department of Computer Science and Engineering, RVS College of Eng. & Tech.,
Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India
ABSTRACT
Cloud computing is utility-based computing provides many benefits to its clients but security is
one aspect which is delaying its adoptions. Security challenges include data security, network
security and infrastructure security. Data security can be achieved using Cryptography. If we
include location information in the encryption and decryption process then we can bind access to
data with the location so that data can be accessed only from the specified locations. In this paper,
we propose a method based on the symmetric cryptography, location-based cryptography and
ciphertext policy – Attribute-based encryption (CP-ABE) to implements secure access control to
the outsourced data. The Symmetric key is used to encrypt that data whereas CP-ABE is used to
encrypt the secret key and the location lock value before uploading on the server. User will
download encrypted data and the symmetric secret key XORed with the Location Lock value,
using his attributes based secret key he can obtain first XORed value of Symmetric secret key and
location lock value. Using anti-spoof GPS Location lock value can be obtained which can be used
to retrieve the symmetric secret key. We have adopted Massage Authentication Code (MAC) to
ensure Integrity and Availability of the data. This protocol can be used in the Bank, government
organization, military services or any other industry those are having their offices/work location
at a fixed place, so data access can be bounded to that location.
KEYWORDS
Cloud Computing, Secure Access Control, Security issues, Cryptography, Geo Encryption,
Attribute-Based Encryption, CP- ABE.
For More Details: http://aircconline.com/ijcnc/V11N4/11419cnc07.pdf
Volume Link: http://airccse.org/journal/ijc2019.html
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AUTHORS

31. Sachin Tripathi received his M.Tech & PhD degree from IIT (ISM) Dhanbad. He joined Indian School of
Mines, Dhanbad on 21st November 2005 and currently he is working as Associate Professor in the
Department of Computer Science and Engineering. Before that he joined, Haldia Institute of Technology,
Haldia, West Bengal, in July 2005, as a Lecturer in the Department of Computer Science and Engineering.
His reserch interest is focussed on Computer Networks, Internet multicasting applications, Mobile IP.
Rajesh Kumar Tiwari received his MCA from Nagpur University in 2002 and PhD in the field of Data
Security form Birla Institute of Technology, Ranchi in the year 2010. Currently, he Professor and Head of
Department Computer Science and Engineering at R.V.S. College of Engineering and Technology,
Jamshedpur, Jharkhand, India. His research is focused on data security, network security, cloud computing
and database management system.
Abu Salim received his B.Tech (CSE) from Dr. RML Avadh University, Faizabad in 2003 and M.Tech
from JNTU Kakinada in 2009. Currently he is pursuing PhD from IIT (ISM) Dhanbad as Part Time
Research Scholar and working as Lecturer in the Jazan University, KSA. His research is focused on data
security, network security and cloud computing.