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ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 Healthcare Information Technology Service Assessment: A Healthcare Leader Prospective Syed Murtuza Hussain Bakshi Abstract: Analysis. The study revealed the basic outline about proper planning, justifiable investments Information technology has evolved over the and training required to make Information years and comply its presence in all the Technology successful in the advanced industrial sectors and healthcare is not an healthcare setup. Information Technology exception. It has become more and more enables its services especially in patient care, necessary for every health care professional to administrative, operational areas and brought use a computer terminal at almost everyday's positive attitude, employee satisfaction. The works. Information Technology is expected to healthcare leader should take initiatives, provide the staffs with various sets of facilitate for smooth progress and proper information for decision making, reducing functioning of Information Technology enabled medical errors and process time, cost advantage services in the hospital. The Information with better communication. As the healthcare Technology cannot bring its own results unless market is getting more competitive and complex teamwork is needed. There are some sensitive the hospital are taking help of Information areas like data privacy and Confidentiality, Technology as a prime tool to compete. The online information and electronic medical present study focuses on the way healthcare record which are important and has to be kept decision makers think and sense about confidential Information Technology enabled services at their setup. The Participants in the research were Key words: - Computers, Healthcare, senior management professionals who offer their Information Technology. full time services. The data was collected through face to face interview and was analyzed through Interpretative Phenomenological 410 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
2.
ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 Introduction: Information and communication technology Over the past two decades, there has been a tools are arguably the most rapidly growing dramatic increase in the use of information segment of the world ecosystem. The technology in service organizations. As this development in the sector permeates every phenomenon is often cited as a driver of both human activity; social, economic, cultural, economy-wide productivity growth, changes in religious, political and healthcare (Idowu P et al, wage and salary prospective(Susan Athey and 2008). Information technology has radically Scott Stern, 2002).In many industrialized changed the way that many people work and countries of the world, there is a huge think. Over the years, technology has touched a investment of resources into information new pinnacle and now it is not confined to technology in health care as a commitment to developed countries. Developing countries such providing the most efficient and effective health as India have kept pace with the world in care services to their teeming population modern technology. Healthcare professionals (Griliches, Z., 1994).In the past decade, the risk can no longer ignore the application of of medical errors has received increasing information technology in a broader spectrum scrutiny. The growing sophistication of (Neeraj Gour & Dhiraj Srivastava, 2010). computers and software should allow Information and Communication technology has information technology to play a vital part in revolutionized the way medicine is practiced and reducing that risk — by streamlining care, how healthcare information is documented, catching and correcting errors, assisting with archived and retrieved at the point of care. While decisions, and providing feedback on information technology is facing challenges of performance (Ganapati Mudur, 2003). adoption, communication technology is striving to create health information exchanges for The benefits of IT applications are First, IT often connecting providers within multi-organization provides benefits through improvements in environments and across disparate geographical timeliness (for example, IT provides quick boundaries, using secure and fail-safe internet access to individual information as well as connectivity for high speed data, voice and video information about products offered by an communication (Dr. Ajit K. Nagpal , 2011 ) . organization) and precision (products or information provided by the organization may be customized to individuals). While such quality 411 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
3.
ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 improvements may be reflected indirectly in settings. Additional steps could include financial economic quantities such as rising wages or incentives (e.g., payment policy or loans) and increased willingness-to-pay for services (factors expanded efforts to standardize records formats, which may be confounded with price inflation in nomenclature, and communication protocols to the context of productivity measurement), few enhance interoperability. However, any policy to studies provide direct evidence about the role of stimulate further investment must be carefully IT in increasing service sector productivity. considered because of the possibility of Second, IT is a “general purpose” technology, unintended consequences. Use of Information and the productivity benefits from IT vary Technology in Healthcare, especially Electronic enormously, according to the specific Health Records can potentially improve application and the characteristics of the healthcare. However, worldwide the usage of adopting organization (David, Paul, 1990) EHRs is limited and studies in developed countries like United States have shown that Information technology has the potential to electronic records systems have been slow to improve the quality, safety, and efficiency of become part of the practices of the physicians. health care. Diffusion of IT in health care is To gain insight into the functioning of the generally low (varying, however, with the healthcare centers in rural India with respect to application and setting) but surveys indicate that use of information technology and their providers plan to increase their investments. fictiveness in healthcare delivery a survey was Drivers of investment in IT include the promise done (Anant R Koppar, 2009 & Medpac of quality and efficiency gains. Barriers include Congressional report). the cost and complexity of IT implementation, which often necessitates significant work The enormous investments in Information process and cultural changes. Certain Technology, the question of payoffs from IT has characteristics of the health care market— become increasingly important. Organizations including payment policies that reward volume continue to question the benefits from IT rather than quality, and a fragmented delivery investments especially in conjunction with system— can also pose barriers to IT adoption. corporate initiatives such as business process Given IT potential, both the private and public reengineering (BPR). Furthermore, the impact of sectors have engaged in numerous efforts to technology on nonfinancial outcomes such as promote its use within and across health care 412 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
4.
ISSN: 2278 –
1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 customer satisfaction and quality is gaining Analysis. The study is restricted to hospital of interest (Sarv Devraj & Rajiv Kohli, 2000). Hyderabad and Secunderabad. Methods The study is exploratory and qualitative in Discussion nature as it focuses on the way healthcare The study revealed the following decision makers think and sense about All the respondents confirm a significant Information Technology enabled services in impact of IT service in both personal and their healthcare setup. A structured interview professional life, they inveterate that was conducted for a sample of 50 which was Information Technology has made a taken using convenient sampling. The sample major difference to the Quality and was taken from 30 hospitals that have bed Standards of living. Educating our self’s strength more than 100 and corporate in nature with some of the common IT applications can make an individual The Participants were senior management carry out any activity of your work life professionals like Vice President, Chief simpler and easier. Executive Officer, Chief Operating Officers, General Managers, Medical Superintendents and The respondents when asked about the Senior Administrator, who offer their full time healthcare systems, competition and services within the hospitals and also involve in information technology raveled the decision making in terms of IT planning, following statements. There is a rising infrastructure development. A prior appointment awareness about the need for better was taken from the participants; they were healthcare in all the major cities of India. briefed about the study and encouraged to expel The demand for healthcare services is information relating to IT services assessment growing with the increasing affordability and their future areas of expansion, growth, of Indian middle class, new breed of investment and improvement. patients with enhanced expectations for The data was collected by face to face better quality of healthcare are interview; the facts of assessment on IT services encountered, both patients and doctors were recorded manually. After the recording are now exposed to international from the entire 50 participant data was analyzed healthcare setting, insurance playing a through Interpretative Phenomenological 413 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 key role, net savvy population, more number of independent hospitals have The respondents when asked about made the healthcare market more operational integration at various competent, complex and accessible. The department levels showed a varied major component that can give an edge response (fully integrated system) some in market and provide a better solution is of the hospital had a fully integrated sound IT support. Today's corporate system while others were not having a hospitals compete on the basis of the fully integrated system. But the hospital technology with investment in it being leaders believed that the IT applications the major benchmark. Technology in were user friendly and helpful. healthcare has brought better therapeutic & diagnostics delivery of services, The respondents when asked about prime integration to various components of goals of IT application in a hospital they large healthcare providing entity very revealed it to be Work process similar to that of any other sector like improvement, on time decision making manufacturing and banking sectors. efficiency, Shortening process time, Healthcare IT has huge potential as the reducing cost of transaction, Provide hospital are emerging, growing up and correct up-to-date and relevant healthcare workers want to upgrade. information about patient & Doctors schedule, better healthcare delivery, The respondents when asked about the employee satisfaction, patient current hospital management systems satisfaction, Effective management of raveled a mixed response. The cooperate resources, reducing medical errors and hospital that were taken as sample better performance for competitive showed that the IT application systems advantage were some of the prime goals. used at the hospital some of were as switch for the past 3 to 5 years before The respondents when asked about what that the operations were mainly manual, can be the success factors behind IT while others were using it for last 7 applications they said that to successfully years and all of them were having implement IT in a hospital proper backend support by the vendors. planning, justifiable investments, 414 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 training, operational budget, oneness in organizational vision and healthcare vision and effective team work is participants who are associated at needed. different points of patient care. It is more of a team work. The respondents when asked about impact of IT applications they revealed The respondents when asked about that IT system has a positive impact on awareness and training programs it was patient care services, administrative and said that hospital promotes training for management services. The IT system was the existing employees as well as serving efficiently in the areas like fresher’s .The training programs are patient billing, appointment scheduling , provided by the software vendors, the hospital claims, pharmacy management, individuals who assist in tanning are medical records, inventory management , called as Application Specialist. vendor management, online support, Generally the training depends on interdepartmental communication and various factors like the previous payroll exposure of fresher to the technology, the operational knowledge of individual in When the sample was asked about the the domain area, the kind of software emerging areas apart from services of interface and for the existing employees EMR, PACS the other emerging and the training can be provided for enhanced thrust areas are Web based services ,E- or new application as well as online health, M-health, operational efficiency support. software integration, Clinical integration, wireless technology, personal health The healthcare leaders believe they act as records and telemedicine support for prime decision makers and are ruler India responsible for facilitating , acting as a change agents in healthcare IT setting. The respondent’s revealed that the The cost that is associated after the success of IT in a corporate hospital implementation is training cost and deepens on various factors like patient, operational cost which cannot be top management involvement, compared with intangible benefits the IT 415 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 offers in operational efficiency and support helps the employees learn more and patient care. become more confident and helps in employee satisfaction. There are various critical areas that The healthcare leaders gave much cannot be ignored and special attention should importance to sensitive areas like Data be given to data privacy and confidentiality privacy and Confidentiality, e-health issues .Over all the healthcare IT is taking a new solutions, data integration and web shape in a non metro twin city of Hyderabad and enabled services. Secunderabad with intense competition from healthcare vendors and hospital. When the sample was asked about List of Abbreviations healthcare IT demerits they listed it as ever changing technology, no common BPR - Business Process Engineering platform between various business E-Health- Electronic Health partners, threats from web based hackers, data loss, system failures, more EHR- Electronic Health Record dependency on computers than IT - Information Technology individual, training complications and investment cost. IS- Information Systems Conclusions M- Health- Mobile Health The interview of healthcare leaders reveals that PHR- Patient health record IT is considered as an important and core component in providing services in both the PACS - Picture Archiving and professional and personal areas. As the market is Communication Systems becoming more complex and competent the healthcare leaders believe that IT is going to play an important role in competitive edge. The IT applications have a positive impact in patient care, administrative and decision support. The success of IT in a healthcare setup depends on the involvement of healthcare participants and management initiative. The training and online 416 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 sional_reports%5CJune04_ch7.pdf (accessed during 10th February 2011) References 1. Anant R Koppar,2009,” A Workflow Solution for 7. Neeraj Gour, Dhiraj Srivastava (2010). Electronic Health Records to Improve Healthcare Knowledge of Computer among Healthcare Delivery in Rural India, hospital and health Professionals of India: A Key toward e-Health. management Telemedicine and e-Health, 16(9): 957-962. http://www.hhmglobal.com/knowledge- bank/articles/a-workflow-solution-for-electronic- 8. National IT Backbone for Healthcare by Dr. Ajit health-records-to-improve-healthcare-delivery-in- K. Nagpal Chairman Executive Council ,Batra rural-india (accessed on 17th February 2011). Hospital & Medical Research Center, New Delhi http://www.ehealthonline.org/articles/article- 2. David, Paul (1990), “The Dynamo and the details.asp Computer: An Historical Perspective on the Title=National20IT20Backbone20for20Healthcar Modern Productivity Paradox,” American e&ArticalID=2355&Type=COLUMNS (accessed Economic Review 80(2): 355-361 on 11th January 2011) 3. Ganapati Mudur (2003). India plans to expand 9. Sarv Devraj, Rajiv Kohli (2000), “Information private sector in healthcare review, British Technology Payoff In The Health-Care Industry: Medical Journal (BMJ), 326(7388): 520 A Longitudinal Study” Journal of Management Information Systems - Special issue: Impacts of 4. Griliches, Z., 1994, “Productivity, R&D, and the information technology investment on data constraint,” American Economic Review organizational performance, Volume 16 Issue 4 84(1): 1-23 10. Susan Athey and Scott Stern (2002), "The Impact 5. Idowu P., Cornford D., Bastin L. (2008). Health Of Information Technology On Emergency informatics deployment in Nigeria. Journal of Health Care Outcomes," Rand Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, Economics, v33(3,Autumn), 399-432 2(1), 15-23 6. Medpac congressional report http://www.medpac.gov/publications%5Ccongres 417 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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1323 International Journal of Advanced Research in Computer Engineering & Technology Volume 1, Issue 4, June 2012 Correspondence: Syed Murtuza Hussain Bakshi Vice Principal & Associate Professor Address: Deccan School of Management Department of hospital management, Owaisi Hospital and Research Center, DMRL cross road, Kanchan bagh Hyderabad, 500058 Email: murtuzain21@gmail.com 418 All Rights Reserved © 2012 IJARCET
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