This document discusses Byzantine architecture, mosaics, and icons. It describes the key characteristics of Byzantine architecture as being influenced by Greek and Roman styles and using semi-circular arches, domes, and basilica and Greek cross floor plans. It provides examples of important Byzantine buildings like Hagia Sophia and St. Mark's Basilica. Mosaics are described as using bright colors with religious themes on walls and ceilings. Icons are defined as religious paintings on wood with gold backgrounds and rigid, frontal poses with no expression.

2. ARCHITECTURE
Main characteristics:
- Greek and Roman influence
- Use of semi-circular arches.
- Domes.
- Walls and buttresses as holding elements.
- Basilica floor plan and Greek cross plan.
- Materials: bricks, covered with marble and
mosaics.
- Types: religious

3. Hagia Sophia
Constantinople (Istambul, Turkey)

4. 6th century  Ordered by Justinian the Great
Central dome on pillars and semi-domes.
Basilica floor plan, with central rotunda.

6. Saint Mark’s Basilica
Venice (Italy)

9. MOSAIC
Main characteristics:
- On the walls and ceilings
(in Rome: floors)
- Mostly religious themes.
- Bright colours. Use of
golden backgrounds.
- Rigidity, no expression,
frontality.

10. Church of San Vitale in Ravenna (Italy) Justinian and his court

11. Church of San Vitale in Ravenna (Italy) Empress Theodora and her court

12. Use of bright colours.
Inexpressive faces.
Relationship between
the emperor and the
Orthodox Church 
Divine character of the
Basileus.

13. Church of San Vitale in Ravenna (Italy)

14. PAINTING  ICONS
Main characteristics:
- Painting on wood.
- Golden backgrounds.
- Religious themes.
- Rigidity, no expression,
frontality.
Εἰκών  eikōn  Image