1. Conflict
Management
Processes

2. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Defining Conflict
 The interaction of interdependent people
who perceive opposition of
goals, aims, and values, and who see the
other party as potentially interfering with
the realization of these goals.

3. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 The three I’s conflict:
Incompatible goals
Independence
Interaction

4. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Levels of Organizational Conflict
 Intergroup conflict
Considers aggregates of people
within an organization
as parties in the conflict.

5. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Levels of Organizational Conflict
 Interorganizational conflict Involves;
 Disputes between two or more organizations
 Competition in the marketplace
 Working together

6. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Phases of Organizational Conflict
 Latent Conflict
 Perceived Conflict
 Felt Conflict
 Manifest Conflict
 Conflict Aftermath

7. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Phases of Organizational Conflict
 Latent Conflict
Grounds for conflict exist
because parties are interacting
in interdependent relationships
in which incompatible goals
are possible.

8. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Phases of Organizational Conflict
 Perceived Conflict
One or more parties perceive
that their situation is characterized
by incompatibility and
interdependence.

9. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Phases of Organizational Conflict
 Felt Conflict
Parties begin to personalize
perceived conflict issue
and planning conflict
management strategies.

10. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Phases of Organizational Conflict
 Manifest Conflict
Conflict is enacted through
communication.
Interaction might involve
cycles of escalation
and de-escalation as
various strategies are used.

11. Conceptualizing
The Conflict Process
 Phases of Organizational Conflict
 Conflict Aftermath
Conflict episode has both
short-term and long-term
effects on the individuals,
their relationship, and
the organization.

12. Managing
Organizational Conflict
 Conflict Styles
 Description
Used the basic structure of the Managerial
Grid as a way of exploring styles and strategies
people use when involved in interpersonal
conflict.

13. High
Competition Collaboration
Concern
for
Self
Compromise
Avoidance Accommodation
Low
Low High
Concern for Others
Conflict Management Styles

14. Managing
Organizational Conflict
 Conflict Styles
 Critique of Conflict Styles Construct
Suggests that individuals
approach organizational
conflict is regular and
predictable ways.

15. Critique 1 Threats the individuals communicator as the sole
benchmark for conceptualizing conflict and for
determining how it will develop.
Critique 2 Relies too narrowly on two dimensional theoretical models
that may not be internally congruent, exhaustive, or
representative of conflict-handing modes in organizations.
Critique 3 Limits communication to verbal behaviors, especially those
that are rational and uncomplicated, mutually exclusive
across different styles, and static and unchanging.
Critique 4 Threats the organization as being in the distant
background rather than in the center stage of conflict
activity.
Criticism of the Conflict Styles Approach

16. Managing
Organizational Conflict
 Conflict Styles
 New Direction
 Strategies employees
 Specific message types
 Factors influences
 Goals
 Extent

17. Managing
Organizational Conflict
 Bargaining and Negotiation
 Distributive Bargaining
 Maximize gains, minimum loses
 Win-lose or compromise
 Integrative Bargaining
 Allow both parties to benefit
 Sharing information

18. Managing
Organizational Conflict
 Bargaining and Negotiation
 Third-Party Conflict Resolution
 Conflict cannot resolve by their own
 Friend or Co-worker
 Supervisor
 Etc.

19. Factors Influencing The
Conflict Management Process
Three Types of Factors that influence the
conflict management;
 Personal Factors
 Rational Factors
 Cultural Factors

20. Factors Influencing The
Conflict Management Process
 Personal Factors
 Gender
 Men are more use competitive strategies
 Women are prone to use accommodate or
compromise
 Characteristic
 Aggressiveness, calmness, etc.

21. Factors Influencing The
Conflict Management Process
 Personal Factors
 Framing
 Cognitive representations of the conflict
 The way conflict is enacted during;
 Interaction
 Perception of self, of others, or of the conflict
itself

22. Factors Influencing The
Conflict Management Process
 Relational Factors
 Power
 Competitive Style
 Accommodation Style
 Collaboration Style
 Avoidance Style
 Compromise Style

23. Factors Influencing The
Conflict Management Process
 Cultural Factors
 Organizational, national, and ethic culture
 Intercultural
 American Vs. Japanese
 European-American Vs. African-American

24. Factors Influencing The
Conflict Management Process
 An Alternative view of Conflict
 Difference Styles to resolve
 Based on ‘Exchange’
 Bigger Pie
 Gender Practices