m

1. Level of
the health
system
Important health care
management decisions
made at this level
In what specific way can
health information help improve
Individual (patient level) The individual or patient level in the care
system will be applied in accordance to their
needs and according to the Public Health
Research and Training Unit this level
focuses on patients and clients in their
immediate sociocultural environment. One
of the important decisions made in this level
was to research, manage and provide cure
on patients having common health
problems. Aside from providing cure for
health care managing the health system also
provides wellness examinations or
techniques for informing or signing up
patients for therapies along the health and
sickness continuum. The comprehension of
to either give a client surgical or medicinal
intervention is also an example of important
health care management decision in this
level.
The utilization of updated software
and upgrading of medical related
technology will help in terms of;
(1)tracing patient’s data easily that
will help track their medical history
hence will give easier access to the
physicians and healthcare provider
as to how they will render
appropriate care to the patient.
Health facility level The healthcare facility level supports the
treatment of the patients/ client through
maintaining, improving and secures the
facility by making necessary adjustments to
such as establishing policies and laws that
will help their patient in accordance of their
health issues.
Trough the application of
continuous researching of the
majority of problems faced by the
clients in the facility and ways on
how to improve it will furthermore
help the facility in regards to health
information.
Population level The population health level deals with
improving the outcomes of a group’s health
issue rather than focusing on an individual
only. The decisions made at this level as a
way of health management can be through;
(1) seeking population-wide policies and
initiatives that alter the socioeconomic
determinants of health; (2) influence a
community of being well adjusted to their
health care crisis, mostly on how to prevent
health issues that circulates the community.
The assessment of the public
regarding their health can be a tool
in health care management that
involves health informatics, the
usage of statistical data on the likes
of population control, community
based prevention of disease and
illnesses as well as the most
frequent diseases obtained in the
community.
Lezel M. Laracas
BSN 2-B
I. In order to understand and appreciate this definition better, try to dissect this definition by accomplishing
the following matrix:

2. II. For each of the above problems, answer the following questions:
a. Why is this problem commonly faced? What factors contribute to the existence of this problem?
b. In what way are health workers affected because of the existence of such problem in health information
systems?
c. How can this problem be addressed?
To organize your thoughts better, you can record your answers in the following matrix:
PROBLEM CONTRIBUTING
FACTORS
EFFECT(S) OF
PROBLEM ON
HEALTH
WORKERS
SOLUTIONS
TO MINIMIZE
EFFECTS
Information
gathered are
irrelevant
 Issues with the hospital’s
software system
Unorganized/ irrelevant
data regarding an
individual will result to
incomplete, findings will
be distorted, the health care
workers will find it hard to
diagnose the patient as the
data of him is uncertain,
the data also has a
possibility of misleading
the attending physicians
thus the care rendered will
be incomplete and
uncertain as well.
use a standard and criteria
of only what to include in a
data.
Poor data quality  Lack of software
monitoring/lack of
information surveillance
Inaccurate diagnoses,
postponed treatments, and
even patient mortality can
result from erroneous
information when data
quality is low, it will also
help decrease the
productiveness of the
healthcare worker.
The institution can practice
updating their software
more in order to advance
their data quality.
Public health surveillance The public health surveillance level
analyses data to aid in the control and
prevention of disease. This level of
healthcare management seeks the amount of
active and inactive cases on the disease that
is currently encircling a community and
decides the countermeasures that they have
to go through.
The usage of modern technology in
able to track and identify the people
in contact with their recent active
cases will help in this level, along
with technological platforms that
will share information regarding
the disease in order and the
procedures in order to prevent the
disease from spreading hence to
warning the public.

3. Duplication among
parallel information
systems
 The duplication of
information system will
confuse healthcare
workers and will affect
their performance in data
collecting which is
essential in a patient.
Reducing the system’s
overview and frequently
monitoring in order to
prevent the duplication of
data and software will help
minimize the effect of the
problem.
Lack of timely
reporting and
feedback
 Lack of system monitoring
and survey
The lack of inability to
gather feedback and report
will affect the performance
of both the institution and
the health care workers
since they are unable to
distinguish what
characteristics of their
work and their system is
negatively affecting their
patient and will not have
space for improvements.
Updated reports are
relevant on achieving a
smooth flow of an
institution and being in the
dark on the institution
update will be in the way of
rendering care to patient
since the info will give
sometimes give them
overview as to what care is
needed to be applied but
instead, they will be unsure
of what to do.
Have a standardized law
and regulation that will
enable everyone to update
timely and use a system
generated survey or
suggestion links that will
get updated every other
time and use it to the
advantage of the institution
and everyone on it.
Low level of data
utilization
 Lack of right utilization of
resources
Having limited resources is
one thing but the utilization
of the resources available
is a must, the inability to
know how to use the
available data will give
disadvantage to the
healthcare workers since it
will give
Entitling the data as one of
the vital parts of the health
system and educating the
healthcare workers as per
using it will minimize the
effect of the problem.