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Ct anatomy of abdomen
1. CT ANATOMY OF ABDOMEN
MAAJID MOHI UD DIN MALIK
LECTURER COPMS ADESH UNIVERSITY
BATHINDA PUNJAB
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2. INTRODUCTION
The abdomen (commonly called the belly) is the body space between the thorax
(chest) and pelvis. The diaphragm forms the upper surface of the abdomen. At
the level of the pelvic bones, the abdomen ends and the pelvis begins.
The abdomen contains all the digestive organs, including the stomach, small and
large intestines, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder. These organs are held together
loosely by connecting tissues (mesentery) that allow them to expand and to slide
against each other. The abdomen also contains the kidneys and spleen.
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3. CONTINUE
Many important blood vessels travel through the abdomen,
including the aorta, inferior vena cava, and dozens of their
smaller branches. In the front, the abdomen is protected by a
thin, tough layer of tissue called fascia. In front of the fascia
are the abdominal muscles and skin. In the rear of the
abdomen are the back muscles and spine.
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7. INNERVATION
Abdomen: vagus nerve (CN X), prevertebral ganglia, lower
thoracic, pelvic and lumbar splanchnic nerves; they form
plexuses: myenteric, celiac, superior mesenteric, inferior
mesenteric, superior hypogastric and inferior hypogastric
plexuses.
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8. REGIONS OF THE ABDOMEN
The regions of the abdomen are theoretical divisions used by
clinicians to help localize, identify and diagnose a patients
symptoms. There are two main forms of categorization, the
first which is simpler and is mapped out by dividing
the abdomen into four quadrants, while the second method
divides it into nine segments.
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9. NINE REGION SCHEME
Principle: two vertical midclavicular lines (left and right)
cross two horizontal: subcostal (through lower edge of 10th
costal cartilage) and transtubercular (through tubercles of
iliac crests) -> nine segments: right and left hypochondrium,
epigastrium, right and left lumbar regions, umbilical region,
right and left inguinal regions, hypogastrium
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10. SEGMENTS
Right hipochondrium
Epigastrium
Left hipochondrium
Right lumbar
Umbilical
Left lumbar
Right inguinal
Hypogastrium
Left inguinal
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13. LEFT HYPOCHONDRIACREGION
The left hypochondriac
region contains:
The stomach
The top of the left lobe of
the liver
The left kidney
The spleen
The tail of the pancreas
Parts of the small intestine
The transverse colon
The descending colon
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14. RIGHTHYPOCHONDRIAC REGION
The right hypochondriac region contains:
The liver
The gallbladder
The small intestine
The ascending colon
The transverse colon
The right kidney
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15. EPIGASTRIC REGION
The epigastric region contains:
The esophagus
The stomach
The liver
The spleen
The pancreas
The right and left kidneys
The right and left ureters
The right and left suprarenal
glands
The small intestine
The transverse colon
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16. LEFT LUMBAR REGION
The left lumbar region contains:
A portion of the small intestine
A part of the descending colon
The tip of the left kidney
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17. RIGHTLUMBAR REGION
The right lumbar region contains:
The tip of the liver
The gallbladder
The small intestine
The ascending colon
The right kidney
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18. UMBILICAL REGION
The umbilical region
contains:
The stomach
The pancreas
The small intestine
The transverse colon
The right and left kidneys
The right and left ureters
The cisterna chyli
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19. LEFT INGUINAL REGION
The left inguinal region contains:
Part of the small intestine
The descending colon
The sigmoid colon
The left ovary and the left fallopian tube in females.
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20. RIGHTINGUINAL REGION
The right inguinal region contains:
The small intestine
The appendix
The cecum
The ascending colon
The right ovary and right fallopian tube in females
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21. HYPOGASTRIC REGION
The hypogastric region
contains:
The small intestine
The sigmoid colon
The rectum
The urinary bladder
The right and left ureters
The uterus, the right and
left ovaries and the
fallopian tubes can be
found in females
The vas deferens, the
seminal vesicle and
the prostate can be found in
males
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23. 1, Right lung. 2, Right hepatic vein. 3, Liver. 4, Left hepatic
vein. 5, Stomach. 6, Left colic flexure (splenic flexure of the
colon). 7, Spleen. 8, Left lung. 9, Aorta.
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24. 1, Right lung. 2, Aorta. 3, Left lung. 4, Left adrenal. 5, Spleen. 6, Splenic
artery. 7, Colon. 8, Portal vein. 9, Hepatic vein. 10, Liver.
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25. 1, Diaphragm. 2, Aorta. 3, Left adrenal. 4, Top of the left
kidney. 5, Spleen. 6, Splenic artery. 7, Colon. 8, Stomach. 9, Portal
vein. 10, Liver. 11, Rib.
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27. 1, Inferior vena cava. 2, Right kidney. 3, Abdominal
aorta. 4, Superior mesenteric artery. 5, Left kidney. 6, Small
bowel. 7, Colon. 8, Portal vein. 9, Liver.
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28. 1, Inferior vena cava. 2, Right kidney. 3, Origin of the right renal
artery. 4, Aorta. 5, Left kidney. 6, Left colon. 7, Superior mesenteric
artery. 8, Superior mesenteric vein. 9, Gallbladder. 10, Liver.
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29. Atlas of CT Anatomy of the Abdomen. Axial reconstruction.
1, Inferior vena cava. 2, Right kidney. 3, Aorta. 4, Left kidney. 5, Left colon. 6, Superior
mesenteric artery. 7, Superior mesenteric vein. 8, Gallbladder. 9, Liver.
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30. 1, Gallbladder. 2, Liver. 3, Inferior vena cava. 4, Right
kidney. 5, Aorta. 6, Left kidney. 7, Left colon. 8, Superior mesenteric
artery. 9, Superior mesenteric vein.
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31. 1, Transverse colon. 2, Liver. 3, Right kidney. 4, Inferior vena
cava. 5, Aorta. 6, Lower pole of the left kidney. 7, Left
colon. 8, Rectus abdominis muscle.
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