phys 1

1. ‫هههه‬ ‫ههه‬
‫هههههه‬
‫هههههه‬

3. •
•
•
•
•

4. ‫ءءءءء‬

5. 1
Geometrical opticsReflectionRefractionScattering

6. 2Huygens Principle:
cυ
c = λ ν
Physical OpticsInterferenceDiffractionPolarization
.

7. 3Photon Theory:
1905
1924“Louis de Broglie

8. υhE =
Pλ
P
h
=λ
h
Quantum opticsquantaPhotons.(
υE

9. 1ammbmn
2ir.

10. 1
2
2211 sinsin θθ nn =
n1=1
2
1
2
sin
sin
θ
θ
=n

11. coherent
)2n+1)π)2n+1)λ/2

13. 108

14. 2
1

15. 3
4

16. IoIIo.