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Reading Part 5-6 : Incomplete Sentence
& Text Completion
Theme
• Office issues
• Financial issues
• Sales and marketing
• Business transactions
• Schedules
Grammar issues
• Verb tense
• Verb form
• Subject-verb agreement
• Pronouns
• Prepositions
Vocabulary issue
Word families (related
words)
Parts of speech
Transportation Tourism
Dining out
Entertainment Weather
Transition words
Comparative adjectives
Adverbs
Time clauses
Conditionals
The reading passages
include a variety of types
like those you might see in
common business or
everyday contexts. They
May be of the following
types
• E-mails
• Letters
• Memos
• Instructions
• Notices
• Articles
• Advertisement
S. singular + V. singular
Anna reads book.
S.plural + V.plural
Anna and Ed read book.
Countable/ Uncountable
Singular/ Plural
Position
Suffix
Singular Form
boy
potato
watch
country
leaf
man
fish
-
-
Plural Form
boys
potatoes
Watches
Countries
Leaves
Men
Fish
Pants
clothes
[abstract, food, subject, field, weather, language, sport,
activity, category]
Be treated as singular noun
water sugar bread dust sand hair
reading jogging scrabble chess skateboarding
advice possibility reputation laziness importance
family staff team army crowd
government club gang band committee
Countable Uncountable
A
Many
Few
A few
Much
Little
A little
Countable and uncountable
The, some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of,
enough, no
Singular Plural
Countable
a boy, an apple, one
box
Uncountable
happiness, advice,
flattery
S.singular + V.singular
3 cats, 3 men, 5 goose,
2 busses
S.plural + V.plural
Education - educate
Permission - permit
Entertainment - entertain
Department - depart
Signal - sign
Survival - survive
Slavery - slave
Fishery - fish
Coverage -cover
Storage - store
Insurance -insure
Existence - exist
Constituent - constitute
Dispatcher - dispatch
Instructor - instruct
Pediatrician - pediatrics
Specialist - special
Partnership - partner
Sincerity - sincere
Completeness -
complete
Accuracy - accurate
Death - dead
Personal
(I, you, she, he, it, etc.)
Demonstrative
(this, these, that, those)
Relative
(who, whom, which, that, what, whoever,
whomever, whichever, whatever)
After
adjective,
article,
quantifier,
determiner,
or preposition
Before
verb
*Nouns can be replaced by pronoun
A lionfish is a swimming paradox. It is
painted in fierce hues of orange and white
but it has an almost melancholy expression.
It has fearsome venomous spines sticking out
of its back, but elegant fan-shaped fins
protruding from its side.
And although it floats with an indolent air, it
is actually an active and skilled predator—one
that hunts in teams using surprisingly
sophisticated tactics.
A lionfish is a swimming paradox. It is
painted in fierce hues of orange and white
but it has an almost melancholy expression.
It has fearsome venomous spines sticking out
of its back, but elegant fan-shaped fins
protruding from its side.
And although it floats with an indolent air, it
is actually an active and skilled predator—one
that hunts in teams using surprisingly
sophisticated tactics.
"Our observations show that large loads of
plastic fragments, with sizes from microns to
some millimeters, are unaccounted for in the
surface loads," says Cozar, who teaches at
the University of Cadiz in Spain, by e-mail.
"But we don't know what this plastic is doing.
The plastic is somewhere—in the ocean life,
in the depths, or broken down into fine
particles undetectable by nets."
"Our observations show that large loads of
plastic fragments, with sizes from microns to
some millimeters, are unaccounted for in the
surface loads," says Cozar, who teaches at
the University of Cadiz in Spain, by e-mail.
"But we don't know what this plastic is doing.
The plastic is somewhere—in the ocean life,
in the depths, or broken down into fine
particles undetectable by nets."
Many environmental analyst recommend that nations
reduce their ______ on non-renewable energy source.
A. Dependently
B. Dependence
C. Dependent
D. Depend
A. Select
B. Selected
C. Selection
D. Selective
A. Supportive
B. Supporters
C. Supporting
D. Support
Infinitive Verb V.1 (Present) V.2 (Past) V.3 (Past
participle)
V.ing
(continuous)
do Do/does did done doing
be Is/ am/ are Was/were been being
have Have/ has had had having
walk Walk/ walks walked walked walking
-ate
fix (v.) - fixate (v.)
-en
fat (adj.) fatten (v.)
-ify
electric (adj.) -electrify (v.)
-ize
central (adj.) centralize (v.)
Amplify
Beautify
Certify
Clarify
Classify
Identify
Intensify
Justify
Modify
Notify
Apologize
Authorize
Capitalize
Centralize
Characteriz
e
Advertise
Analyze
Organize
Urbanize
Educate
Facilitate
Participate
Concentrate
Evaluate
Validate
Considerate
Demonstrat
e
Sharpen
Lighten
Shorten
Widen
Frighten
Moisten
•
Enlarge
•
Entrain
Gerund Infinitive
function as nouns and
are created from verb
ending in -ing
Can appear at the
same position with
noun
frequently used as
nouns and also as
adjectives or adverbs
usually made up of the
word to and the
present tense of a verb
admit
advise
appreciate
avoid
can't help
complete
consider
delay
deny
detest
dislike
enjoy
escape
excuse
finish
forbid
get through
have
imagine
mind
miss
permit
postpone
practice
quit
recall
report
resent
resist
resume
risk
spend (time)
suggest
tolerate
waste (time)
agree
aim
appear
arrange
ask
attempt
be able
beg
begin
care
choose
condescen
d
consent
continue
dare
decide
deserve
detest
dislike
expect
fail
forget
get
happen
have
hesitate
hope
hurry
intend
leave
like
love
mean
neglect
offer
plan
prefer
prepare
proceed
promise
propose
refuse
remember
say
start
stop
swear
try
wait
want
wish
advise
attempt
bear
begin
cease
continue
dislike
fear
hate
intend
learn
like
love
omit
plan
prefer
propose
start
Forget
Remember
Try
Regret
Stop
allow
bid
encourage
forbid
feel
hear
let
make
notice
observe
recommend
1. Alan can’t stand _________ on trains. (riding/
to ride)
2. Mr. Harris enjoys _________ people out to
dinner. (inviting / to invite)
3. In the old days, gentlemen challenged their
rivals _______. (fighting / to fight)
4. As the famous saying goes, there’s no use
______ over spilt milk. (crying / to cry)
5. Jim stopped _________ his shoelace. Wait for
him. (tying / to tie)
6. My wife always volunteers ___________ cakes
PTA meetings. (baking / to bake)
7. Don’t waste my time ___________ about your
salary. (complaining/ to complain)
8. Eva is having trouble _________ on the exam.
(concentrating / to concentrate)
9. Please allow me ____________ your Facebook
page. (joining / to join)
10. You won’t forget _________milk on your way
home, will you? (picking up /to pick up)
Not transform
Ex.
Will + V. infinitive
Such as
will, can, could, shall, may, must……….
Tense Form or Aspect
Present
V.1
Past
V.2
Future
will + V. infinitive
Simple tense
V
Continuous tense
V. to be + V.ing
Perfect tense
V. to have +V. 3
Perfect continuous te
nse
V. to have + been +
V.ing
Tense
Aspect
Present Past Future
Simple S + V.1 S + V.2 S + will + V. infinitive
Continuous S +is/am/are + V.ing S + was/were + v.ing S+ will+ be + V.ing
Perfect S + has/have + V.3 S+had+V.3 S+ will + have + V.3
Perfect
Continuous
S + has/have + been +
V. ing
S+ had + been + V.ing S+ will + have+ been + V.ing
Subject of sentence is not the performer but is the
receiver of the action
V. to be + V.3
Harry ate (v.2) six shrimp at dinner. (active)
At dinner, six shrimp were eaten by Harry. (passive)
Sue changed the flat tire. (active)
The flat tire was changed by Sue. (passive)
I will clean the house every Saturday. (active)
The house will be cleaned by me every Saturday.
(passive)
Tense
Aspect
Present Past Future
Simple active S + V.1 S + V.2 S + will + V. infinitive
passive S+ is/am/are + v.3
Continuous active S +is/ am/are + V.ing
passive S + is/am/are + being +
v.3
Perfect active S + has/have + V.3
passive
Perfect
Continuous
active S + has/have + been + V.
ing
passive
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb
Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb

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Grammar preparation for toeic test noun verb

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