#3dconfsc15

1. 3D Scanning: The Bridge Between the Real World
and the Computer
www.scansite.com
Lisa Federici, CEO
Scansite3D
Booth #620
Presented at
‘Inside 3D Printing’
Santa Clara, CA
10/21/2015

2. • Three axes (X,Y,Z)
arranged in an
orthogonal pattern
• Probe can be run by a
computer or operator
• Measurements are
offset to compensate
for size of probe
CMM
Coordinate Measurement Machine

3. LiDAR
Light Detection and Ranging
(Time of Flight Scanners)
• Based on the Speed of Light
• Calculates time it takes laser to
reach object & reflect back to
sensor
• Millions of laser pulses return
to sensor to calculate distance
• Rotating laser & sensor (usually
via a mirror)
• Scanner can scan full 360
degrees around itself.
• Ability to scan from moving
vehicle

4. LASER
• Most common scanning
worldwide
• Uses triangulation
• The scanner analyzes where
the laser interacts with the
object relative to the laser
source.
• All data from scan is analyzed
and a digital representation is
created.

5. • Projects moiré fringe
pattern onto the
object
• Video Camera records
how features on
object distort patterns
• Scanner analyzes
distortions & creates
3D digital
representation
Structured Light

6. Resolution? Sampling Density?
What does it really mean?
How many points are collected in a given area?
Low Resolution High Resolution

7. Data from scanner with lower point collection

8. Data from scanner with
high point collection

10. Accuracy?
How close is single point to
true surface?
• Translucent / Shiny
surface
• Merge Errors
• Autofill
• Wrong Scanner

11. Even $200,000 Scanners Require Some Processing
Line of Sight
issues & holes
reduce the
quality of data
Software programs can
analyze data and fill
holes, but hand editing
produces best results.
Post-scan data Post Editing

12. Structured Light Scanner – Pre Editing

13. Structured Light Scanner – Post Editing

14. The World’s First Digital Dinosaur
• 1905 - first mounted Triceratops
in the world.
• Bones fragile - traditional
method of latex molding
impossible
• Bones had Developed Pyrite
- Disease in which the mineral
pyrite grows inside the bone
and breaks it apart from the
inside.

15. • Bones from at least a dozen
Triceratops were used to make
original mount
• Skeletal elements from different
individuals shown as different
colors
• Foot bones of a duckbill dinosaur
What We Discovered

16. • 2 scale models made from SLA of all
256 individual bones
• First biomechanical studies ever
done
• 15% larger skull, created through
scanning and SLA prototyping
Rendered scan data

18. • CNC properly scaled
replacement parts to
correct mismatches
• Milled parts were
better quality than
‘filler’ bones made by
hand.
• New posture based on
biomechanical studies
The ‘Fix’

19. New Posture
Old Posture

20. New skull scaled 15%
Made from SLA pattern

21. ‘Flora & ‘Priapus’ Metropolitan Museum of Art

23. 4 Months of Editing per Sculpture

24. 3D Inspection of Two 1962 Ferrari GTOs

25. 1962 Ferrari GTO #2

26. Two Scan Data Sets Overlaid on One Another
to Highlight Differences

27. Scanning a 1954 Ferrari Mondial for Body Restoration

29. Structured Light Scanning
using Photogrammetry
Markers

30. 3D Scan Data

31. SolidWorks Model

34. 3D Scanning
• Document the fragments
• 28 Major Fragments
Digitally Reconstructed
• CAD files were create
over the reconstructed
digital data
• FEA used to determine
stress Points

35. • Fiberglass
pins were
placed in
each ankle
and right
knee
• Holes were
filled with
marble and
epoxy &
colored to
match the
original stone

38. EDIT!
EDIT!
EDIT!
& EDIT
Some
More!

40. Structured Light Scanning + FEA

41. Redesigned Racecar

42. Structured Light Scan Data CAD File
Helicopter Cowling

43. 3D Inspection & Analysis
CAD File Overlaid on
3D Scan Data

45. Good Data
is
Essential
for
Good 3D
Prints

46. No Post Processing

47. 3D Scan Data
on the Left
Finished Bronze
Reproduction
on the Right

53. High Quality
3D Data is
Essential for
High Quality
Prints!

54. Scan Data of “Le Magnifique“

58. Installation at Pittsburg Penguins Stadium

60. The Cloisters Cross
The Cloisters Museum

61. Required Photogrammetry for Exact Alignment

63. 5 days of scanning
4 months of editing
The Cloisters Cross
The Cloisters Museum

64. ½ “ Bevel

65. Copperman
American Museum of Natural History

68. Cut Planes

69. Support Structure Built in CAD

70. Close Up of Detail

71. Copperman Plaster 3D Print

72. Printing a heart to practice to reduce possible errors
during actual surgery

73. Santa Barbara Courthouse
Spirit of the Ocean Fountain

80. 3D Scanning: The Bridge Between the Real World
and the Computer
www.scansite.com
Lisa Federici, CEO
Scansite3D
Booth #620
Presented at
‘Inside 3D Printing’
Santa Clara, CA
10/21/2015