Convincing the bear - Influence without authority
After hiking towards a glacier in Denali National Park Alaska, we were making camp near a small lake. Suddenly I heard my friend saying “Michael there’s a bear here, it is on this side of the lake”. And there he was, a ‘young’ 200 Pound Grizzly no more than 10 feet away… Influencing a bear in the Alaskan outback is quite similar to handling the bears or rather stakeholders of the modern organization – both have their own agenda, and will have you for lunch if they think it serves their interests and appetites.
In this presentation we learn best practices for leading and influencing without authority, including the three essentials model: stakeholder leadership, team orientation and individual adjustment. Do you have the proper toolset to influence the bears when you lack the authority?
After Michael’s presentation you will be able to:
• Use your personal power to lead and influence without authority
• Align your leadership with the team situation
• Make individual adjustments to influence through difficult project and business situations
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Influence and Leadership - Bear in
Mind
December, 2015, 11:00 AM EST
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Michael Nir
President
Sapir Consulting US L.L.C.
m.nir@sapir-cs.com
Hosted by:
Jessica Dahbour
ITMPI
Jessica_Dahbour@compaid.com
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Sapir Consulting LLC
• Sapir Consulting US L.L.C. is a Strategic,
Organizational, Management consulting firm leading
since 2004 consulting and training initiatives in strategy,
operations, organization and technology.
• Michael Nir - President of Sapir Consulting, is a
management consultant, Agile coach, speaker and
author. He has been helping organizations overcome
business challenges and deliver value, for over 16 years.
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Michael Nir
• President @ Sapir Consulting US LLC
• M.Sc. Engineering, PMP®, SAFe™ accredited
• Author of 11 bestseller business books
• Global clients - telecoms, hi-tech, software
development, R&D environments and petrochemical
& infrastructure
• Integrating the hard and soft parts of Business,
Development and more
m.nir@sapir-cs.com
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Where do you need
to influence when
you lack authority?
Discuss with the person next to you
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Confusion and conflict is inherent,
Influence without authority - necessity
MATRIX: LIMITED RESOURCES AND KNOWLEDGE SHARING
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That’s because the modern organization is
sometimes like handling bears
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During a face to face encounter the bear is
always right
SIMILAR TO OUR WORK PLACE
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The people we work with in the matrix decide
whether to collaborate much like bears in the wild
OMNIVORES BEARS IN THE MATRIX
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3 Fundamentals : Stakeholder management,
Leadership approach, Influence style
INFLUENCE WITHOUT AUTHORITY MODEL
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Essential elements for influence without
authority
Sitting on the fence
Identifying the cake
Focus in influence circle
Influence strategy -
liking
STAKEHOLDER MANAGEMENT - KEY CONCEPTS
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We tend to engage in conflict with the
naysayers instead of investing in the allies
STAKEHOLDER MODEL
Trust
Agreement
AlliesAccomplices
OpponentsAdversaries
Fence-Sitters
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Stakeholders view the same topic from
various perspectives
STAKEHOLDER PERSPECTIVE
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Stakeholder B emphasize quality...Focus –
What is in it for me - WIIFM
STAKEHOLDER PERSPECTIVE
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What you can do with what you have,
rather than what you can’t with not
COVEY 7 HABITS
I can’t do this because
you didn’t give me that
I can do this if you give
me that
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People by and large are social beings…not
resources
LIKING - INFLUENCE STRATEGIES
Liking can be based on
many things!
• Shared interests
• Shared ideas, ethics
• Shared experiences
• Active listening
• Friendship and trust
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How to manage and lead Stakeholders
SUMMARY OF CONCEPTS
Identify the stakeholders
Assess: Allies, Opponents,
Fence sitters, Accomplices
Construct method for
leading the ‘on the fence’
Focus in influence circle
Think – Liking
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How to identify great influence and
collaboration - example
TEAM WORK
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3 Fundamentals : Stakeholder management,
Leadership approach, Influence style
INFLUENCE WITHOUT AUTHORITY MODEL
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Essential elements for influence without
authority
LEADERSHIP APPROACH - KEY CONCEPTS
Qualities of a leader
Situational leadership
Listening and
coaching
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Concepts about what makes a leader
have been changing
LEADERSHIP THEORIES
Great man & Trait
Participative,
transactional,
transformational
Situational & Contingency
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3871 executives globally – six distinct
leadership styles with defined impacts
SITUATIONAL LEADERSHIP
Affiliative – people
come first
Coacher – try this
Coercive - do as
I tell you Authoritative –
come with me
Pace setter – do
as I do
Democratic - What do you
think?
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Most can easily master 2 styles – grow
your inventory
D. GOLEMAN – LEADERSHIP THAT GETS RESULTS – QUANTIFIABLE
Innovate
To organization
People set
Per. feedback
Mission values
To purpose
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Expanding the repertoire is based on
emotional intelligence
QUESTIONS TO DEVELOP ACTIVE LISTENING (&COACHING)
If I understand correctly….
So, what you are suggesting is…
What would you like to see?
What is your intake on…
What do you think is possible?
How do you recommend to
proceed?
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How to increase your leadership aptitude
SUMMARY OF CONCEPTS
Which is your preferred
leadership style?
Which style you can
otherwise master?
Increase your active
listening expertise – be
aware.
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3 Fundamentals Stakeholder management,
Leadership approach, Influence style
INFLUENCE WITHOUT AUTHORITY MODEL
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Essential elements for influence without
authority
Communication styles
Influence style
INFLUENCE STYLE - KEY CONCEPTS
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Same Same but different
THINKING STYLE DIVERSITY
Based on our own emotional and cognitive
experience we tend to think that others have
identical thinking patterns
We could not be more wrong
Our individual communication patterns are based
on personal specific experiences, emotions,
thoughts, preferences and more
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Adapt your communication style to
increase your influence without authority
FOUR DOMINANT STYLES – PREDICTIVE MODEL
Process –
Facts, Data
People –
Needs, Values
Action –
Objective
Idea –
Concepts, Creativity
Directive
Responsive
High Assertiveness,
control, force
High Sensitivity, feelings,
relationship
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People style – building understanding
Energy – moving with, empathetic
Actions – sharing, listening
Outcome – understanding
Key words – people, needs, sensitivity,
relationships, beliefs, co-operation,
team spirit
Cultures – Asia, Japan, social
professions, HR, health and education
OVERVIEW
Process –
Facts, Data
People –
Needs, Values
Action –
Objective
Idea –
Concepts,
Creativity
Directive
Responsive
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Idea style – building cooperation
Energy – moving together, inspiring
Actions – connecting, envisioning
Outcome – cooperation
Key words – concepts, innovation,
potential, creativity, possibilities
Cultures – France, R&D, project
leadership, younger generation (why are
we doing it, asking questions as a norm)
OVERVIEW
Process –
Facts, Data
People –
Needs, Values
Action –
Objective
Idea –
Concepts,
Creativity
Directive
Responsive
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Process style – building solution
Energy – moving at, debating
Actions – proposing, reasoning
Outcome – solution
Key words – facts, details, procedure,
observation, proof, planning, analysis
Cultures – central Europe, engineering,
accounting, oil and chemicals,
government, manufacturing, pharma
OVERVIEW
Process –
Facts, Data
People –
Needs, Values
Action –
Objective
Idea –
Concepts,
Creativity
Directive
Responsive
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Action style – building deal
Energy – moving against, bargaining
Actions – demanding, exchanging
Outcome – deal
Key words – results, objectives,
performance, deals, challenges,
decisions
Cultures – US, Australia, sales, retail,
consumer goods, senior managers
OVERVIEW
Process –
Facts, Data
People –
Needs, Values
Action –
Objective
Idea –
Concepts,
Creativity
Directive
Responsive
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Influencing the styles – the Z model
Agree the facts –
Process
Work out what logic suggests –
Process
Discuss the different
possibilities –
Idea
Check out potential
people's reactions – People
Recommend a course of
action – Action
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How to influence the styles
SUMMARY OF CONCEPTS
Identify your style
Notice your word selection
Analyze your stakeholders
perceived preferences
Use Z model for
influencing diverse
audiences
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3 fundamentals : Stakeholder management,
Leadership approach, Influence style
INFLUENCE WITHOUT AUTHORITY MODEL
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Next steps
SUMMARY
Analyze your preferences…
Chose one/two concepts
What would you do differently?
Plan how to use it, ask for support
Ask for coaching
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This specimen is not to be confused, and
found only in hierarchical environments
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Thank you!
I wish you success in
influencing and leading the
bears of your organization
m.nir@sapir-cs.com
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Thank You
Increase your Return
from Projects!
Scaled Agile SAFe® training
in Boston MA
http://sapir-cs.com/michael-nir/
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Hosted by:
Jessica Dahbour
ITMPI
Jessica_Dahbour@compaid.com
Michael Nir
President
Sapir Consulting US L.L.C.
m.nir@sapir-cs.com
Notas del editor
Brian Matthew Krzanich is the Chief Executive Officer of Intel. He was elected CEO on May 2, 2013, concluding a six month executive search after incumbent CEO Paul Otellini announced his resignation in November 2012.
Winning influence without authority requires maximizing the usage of personal power, since using position power is either not available or inappropriate.
Those who do have position power will opt to use personal power, to avoid the negative interpretation of position power especially in the modern organizaiton where we rather have people do things that they want to rather then because they have to.
3 fundamentals for influence without authority
עוד על כוח בשקופית הבאה – מהם מקורות כוח אפשריים
3 fundamentals for influence without authority
1. "Great Man" Theories:
Have you ever heard someone described as "born to lead?" According to this point of view, great leaders are simply born with the necessary internal characteristics such as charisma, confidence, intelligence, and social skills that make them natural-born leaders.
Great man theories assume that the capacity for leadership is inherent – that great leaders are born, not made. These theories often portray great leaders as heroic, mythic and destined to rise to leadership when needed. The term "Great Man" was used because, at the time, leadership was thought of primarily as a male quality, especially in terms of military leadership.
2. Trait Theories:
Similar in some ways to Great Man theories, trait theories assume that people inherit certain qualities and traits that make them better suited to leadership. Trait theories often identify particular personality or behavioral characteristics shared by leaders. For example, traits like extraversion, self-confidence, and courage are all traits that could potentially be linked to great leaders.
If particular traits are key features of leadership, then how do we explain people who possess those qualities but are not leaders? This question is one of the difficulties in using trait theories to explain leadership. There are plenty of people who possess the personality traits associated with leadership, yet many of these people never seek out positions of leadership.
3. Contingency Theories:
Contingency theories of leadership focus on particular variables related to the environment that might determine which particular style of leadership is best suited for the situation. According to this theory, no leadership style is best in all situations. Success depends upon a number of variables, including the leadership style, qualities of the followers and aspects of the situation.
4. Situational Theories:
Situational theories propose that leaders choose the best course of action based upon situational variables. Different styles of leadership may be more appropriate for certain types of decision-making. For example, in a situation where the leader is the most knowledgeable and experienced member of a group, an authoritarian style might be most appropriate. In other instances where group members are skilled experts, a democratic style would be more effective.
5. Behavioral Theories:
Behavioral theories of leadership are based upon the belief that great leaders are made, not born. Consider it the flip-side of the Great Man theories. Rooted in behaviorism, this leadership theory focuses on the actions of leaders not on mental qualities or internal states. According to this theory, people can learn to become leaders through teaching and observation.
6. Participative Theories:
Participative leadership theories suggest that the ideal leadership style is one that takes the input of others into account. These leaders encourage participation and contributions from group members and help group members feel more relevant and committed to the decision-making process. In participative theories, however, the leader retains the right to allow the input of others.
7. Management Theories:
Management theories, also known as transactional theories, focus on the role of supervision, organization and group performance. These theories base leadership on a system of rewards and punishments. Managerial theories are often used in business; when employees are successful, they are rewarded; when they fail, they are reprimanded or punished. Learn more about theories of transactional leadership.
8. Relationship Theories:
Relationship theories, also known as transformational theories, focus upon the connections formed between leaders and followers. Transformational leaders motivate and inspire people by helping group members see the importance and higher good of the task. These leaders are focused on the performance of group members, but also want each person to fulfill his or her potential. Leaders with this style often have high ethical and moral standards.
Coersive
least effective
effects flexibility
reduces sense of responsibility
erosion of pride (rewards system)
undermines motivation
diminished clarity and commitment “How does any of this matter?” (p. 82)
Authoritative
enthusiasm and vision hallmarks
most effective re. climate
maximises commitment
defines standards through vision
clear rewards
freedom to be self-initated and flexible
Affiliative
“People come first” (p. 84)
value individuals above tasks and goals
builds emotional bonds
marked effect on levels of communication
flexibility increases through trust
positive feedback offered
“masters at building a sense of belonging” (p. 84)
emotional honesty
use in conjunction with authoritative style
Democratic
time spent on gathering team ideas and consequently effecting buy-in
builds trust, respect and commitment
flexibility and responsibility are built
high morale
realistic about accomplishments as a result
generates new ideas for realisation of the vision
Pacesetting
use sparingly
negatively impacts climate
second-guessing of the leader’s intentions results
lack of feel of trust - diminished flexibility and responsibility
no feedback given
commitment suffers
Coaching
“more like a counselor” (p. 86)
team members lead to identifying their strengths and weaknesses and aspirations
encourage long-term thinking
agreements made about roles and responsibilities
lots of instruction and feedback
delegate
research shows used least often
“impact on climate and performance are markedly positive” (p. 87)
constant dialogue required effects communication levels which effects all areas of climate
delivers “bottom-line results” (p. 87)
Flexibility – that is, how free employees feel to innovate unencumbered by red tape;
their sense of responsibility to the organization;
the level of standards that people set;
the sense of accuracy about performance feedback and aptness of rewards
; the clarity people have about mission and values;
finally, the level of commitment to a common purpose
5-38
עוד על כוח בשקופית הבאה – מהם מקורות כוח אפשריים
עוד על כוח בשקופית הבאה – מהם מקורות כוח אפשריים
3 fundamentals for influence without authority
Pierre Case Insead 1994
Lets assume you are in a meeting – you are PM action oriented, joining you are Quality Control, HR and Marketing – each representing a communication style – since we think we are rational – but we are basing our decisions on emotions, (reptilian and mammal brain) – the context to assess and analyze is already in place once the HR person sees the PPT – so you’ve lost him the minute you have the first bullet saying – Results, objectives etc. he is already agaisnt on a very primal level – even if he can’t put a name to the reason behind this!