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Intro to big data and how it works
- 1. Hassnain Ali 15081598-066 Nadeem Tahir 15081598-106
- 2. What is Big Data?
- 3. “Big data is the data characterized by 4 key attributes: volume, variety, velocity and value.” -- Oracle
- 4. Let’s look at Big Data in a different way.
- 5. Byte Byte : one grain of rice
- 6. Kilobyte Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice
- 7. Megabyte Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice
- 8. Gigabyte Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte : 3 Semi trucks
- 9. Terabyte Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte Terabyte : 3 Semi trucks : 2 Container Ships
- 10. Petabyte Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte : 3 Semi trucks : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan
- 11. OEnxeabByyttee Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte Exabyte : 3 Semi trucks : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan : Blankets west coast states
- 12. Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte Exabyte : 3 Semi trucks : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Zettabyte
- 13. Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte Exabyte : 3 Semi trucks : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL! Yottabyte
- 14. Hobbyist Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte Terabyte Petabyte Exabyte : 3 Semi trucks : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL!
- 15. Desktop Hobbyist Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte : 3 Semi trucks Terabyte Petabyte Exabyte : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL!
- 16. Desktop Hobbyist Internet Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte : 3 Semi trucks Terabyte Petabyte : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan Exabyte : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL!
- 17. Desktop Hobbyist Internet BigData Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte : 3 Semi trucks Terabyte Petabyte : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan Exabyte : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL!
- 18. Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte : 3 Semi trucks Terabyte Petabyte : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan Exabyte : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL!
- 19. Desktop Hobbyist The Future? Internet BigData Byte Kilobyte : one grain of rice : cup of rice Megabyte : 8 bags of rice Gigabyte : 3 Semi trucks Terabyte Petabyte : 2 Container Ships : Blankets Manhattan Exabyte : Blankets west coast states Zettabyte : Fills the Pacific Ocean Yottabyte : A EARTH SIZE RICEBALL!
- 20. Big Data is not about the size of the data, it’s about the value within the data.
- 21. We are generating huge amounts of data.
- 22. Data with a lot of information.
- 23. … and a lot of noise.
- 24. The ability to hear the signal from the noise is the key…
- 25. to unlocking the human conversation that is taking place around us.
- 26. Did it work?
- 27. Most people don’t know what to do with all the data that they already have…
- 30. Big Data isn’t big, if you know how to use it.
- 31. Storing Big Data
- 32. • Data start to play an increasingly important role in business and science. • Storing, searching, sharing, analysing and visualising big data has become a challenge. • Especially storing of data is often disregarded as an issue. Note that sometimes a MySQL database is not enough. • Hadoop offers an out of the box distributed filesystem for storing data files. However, the challenge appears when someone needs DB capabilities, frequent updates or real
- 33. Problems Now A days Nowadays traditional relational databases can reach their limit in performance. Data keep on coming in high velocity, high volumes, and high variety. Common practices to increase performance fail after a while: buying a faster server, getting more RAM, using materialised views, fine tuning queries... Furthermore, “alter table” doesn’t really work with lots of data. Backups and data availability becomes an issue.
- 34. NO SQL • The term is too broad and new to really define it. • No schema • No joins between tables • No common scripting language (like SQL) • No ACID (atomicity, consistency, isolation, durability) • On the other hand you gain horizontal scalability and high performance. Also, most NoSQL systems are Map/Reduce ready and/or bind with Hadoop.
- 35. MangoDB Example:- A document is represented in JSON format: { “ id” : 12345678, “Link” : “http://news.scotsman.com/abc.html”, “Title”:“Blah blah blah”, “Content”: “More blah blah”, “OutletID” : 14, “Date” : ISODate(“2011-11-17T20:33:15.097Z”), “ Hash” : 550973592, “Tags” : [ International, News, Scotland],
- 36. MongoDB - Replication Master/Slave Single Server
- 37. MongoDB - Sharding MongoDB If new shard is added, data is balanced automaticall
- 38. Data Processing Without data processing, organizations have no access to massive amounts of data that can help them gain a competitive edge, give them insight into sales, marketing strategies and consumer needs. It is imperative that companies large and small understand the necessity of data processing. Data processing occurs when data is collected and translated into usable information
- 39. The Six Stages of Data Processing • Data Collection • Data Preparation • Data Input • Processing • Data Output/Interpretation • Data Storage
- 40. The Future of Data Processing The future of data processing lies in the cloud. Cloud technology builds on the convenience of current electronic data processing methods and accelerates its speed and effectiveness. Faster, higher-quality data means more data for each organization to utilize and more valuable insights to extract.
- 41. Big data tools:- 1. Apache Hadoop 2. Microsoft HDInsight 3. NoSQL 4. Hive 5. Sqoop 7. Big data in EXCEL 8. Presto 6. PolyBase
- 42. Big Data Techniques Quantitative Analysis Quantitative analysis is a data analysis technique that focuses on quantifying the patterns and correlations found in the data. Based on statistical practices, this technique involves analyzing a large number of observations from a dataset
- 43. Qualitative Analysis Qualitative analysis is a data analysis technique that focuses on describing various data qualities using words. It involves analyzing a smaller sample in greater depth compared to quantitative data analysis. These analysis results cannot be generalized to an entire dataset due to the small sample size
- 44. DATA MINING Data mining, also known as data discovery, is a specialized form of data analysis that targets large datasets. In relation to Big Data analysis, data mining generally refers to automated, software-based techniques that sift through massive datasets to identify patterns and trends.
- 45. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS Statistical analysis uses statistical methods based on mathematical formulas as a means for analyzing data. Statistical analysis is most often quantitative, but can also be qualitative. This type of analysis is commonly used to describe datasets via summarization, such as providing the mean, median, or mode of statistics associated with the dataset.
- 46. MACHINE LEARNING Humans are good at spotting patterns and relationships within data. Unfortunately, we cannot process large amounts of data very quickly. Machines, on the other hand, are very adept at processing large amounts of data quickly, but only if they know how.
- 47. SEMANTIC ANALYSIS A fragment of text or speech data can carry different meanings in different contexts, whereas a complete sentence may retain its meaning, even if structured in different ways. In order for the machines to extract valuable information, text and speech data needs to be understood by the machines in the same way as humans do. Semantic analysis represents practices for extracting meaningful information from textual and speech data.
- 48. VISUAL ANALYSIS Visual analysis is a form of data analysis that involves the graphic representation of data to enable or enhance its visual perception. Based on the premise that humans can understand and draw conclusions from graphics more quickly than from text, visual analysis acts as a discovery tool in the field of Big Data.