MATERIAL SEMESTER ONE

1. Plant like Protist (algae)
and
Advantages of Protista

2. Characteristic of Alga
● Sizes
- Microscopic (25μm), Ex: Navicula.
- Macroscopic (50m), Ex: Macrocystis.
Navicula Macrocystis

3. ● Shape of body
a. Uniselluler
- Solitter (Ex: Chlorella don’t have flagel).
- Coloni (Ex: Gonium, Volvox, Hydrodictyon).
Chorella Volvox

4. b. Multiseluler
Ex: Spirogyra, Oedogonium, dan Ulva.
Spirogyra Ulva

5. ● Body structure and function
- Has membrane nucleus (eucarotic)
- Cell have chloroplas (in cell contain pigment to
absorp light for photosyntesis
- Main pigment: clorophyll
add pigment: karoten (xantofil and fikobilin) and
fikobilin (fikosianin/fikoritrin)
- Has pirenoid, for reserve food place

6. ● Habitat and the way life
- Fotoautotrof
useful as produsen for heterotrof organism, in
supplying food and oxigen
- Free life in damp habitat/water, ex: swamp, river,
soil, stone, or tree

7. ● Reproduction
a. Axesual (vegetatif)
- Division cell (only in uniseluler algae)
- Fragmentation (in multiseluler algae
filamen/thallus shape)
- Zoospora (uni and multiseluler)
b. Seksual (generatif)
- Isogami
- Oogami

8. Klasifikasi Alga
● Euglenoid (Euglenophyta)
- Uniseluler, cell pakaged by pelikel (kind of protein)
- Procariot
- Has stigma contain fotoreseptor
- Has two flagellum
- Habitat: water
- Food reseve: paramilon

9. - Reproduksi: axesual (biner division)
- Ex: Euglena.
Euglena

10. ● Gold Algae (Chrysophyta)
- Uniseluler soliter and multiseluler
- Compose cell wall: hemiselulosa, silika, and
pektin
- Pigmen: karoten (santofil)
add pigmen : fukosantin, chlorophyl a and c.
- Reseve food: lipid and charbohidrate
- Habitat: water and sea

11. - Reproduksi: a. axesual (biner division,
spora shape)
b. sexual ( joint two kids of gammet)
- Ex: Navicula, Synura, and Mischococcus.
Synura

12. ● Ganggang api (Dinoflagellata / phyrrophyta)
- Uniseluler fotosintetik
- Dinding sel mengandung selulosa
- Pigmen: klorofil a dan c, santofil, dinosantin, dan
fikobilin.
- Memiliki 2 flagellum
- Merupakan produsen utama fitoplankton laut
- Habitat: air laut

13. - Reproduction: asexual (biner division)
- Ex: Gonyaulax, Noctiluca scintillans.
Gonyaulax Noctiluca scintillans

14. ● Green Algae (Chlorophyta)
- Uniseluler and multiseluler
- Cell wall compose from cellulose
- Pigmen: klorofil (klorofil a and b)
add pigment: karoten
- Reseve of food: amilum
- Habitat: water

15. - Reproduction: a. asexual (spora shape, fragmentation,
and self division)
b. sexual (isogami, anisogami,
oogami)
- Ex: Volvox, Gonium, and Chlamydomonas.
Chlamydomonas

16. ● Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
- Multiseluler, like thread or thallus
- Pigment: karoten (fukosantin)
add pigment: chlorophyl a dan b, xantofil
- Cell wall contain pektin and algin
- Food of reseve: laminarin
- Habitat: sea

17. - Reproduksi: a. axesual (Fragmentation and
zoospora)
b. sexual ( isogami, unisogami, and
oogami)
Ex: Sargassum, Macrocystis, Turbinaria.
Sargassum Turbinaria

18. ● Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
- Pigmen: fikoeritrin
add pigment: chlorophyll a and d, karoten,
fikosianin
- Multiseluler
- Cell wall contain pektin and cellulose
- Reseve of food: florid flour
- Habitat: in deep sea

19. - Reproduksi: a. axesual (spora)
b. sexsual (oogami)
- Ex: Eucheuma spinosum.
Eucheuma spinosum

20. Peranan Protista
 Secara Ekonomis
- Foraminifera: its scheleton as clue to find resource of
oil, gasses, and mineral
- Radiolaria: its scheleton can used for tool brush
- Chlorella: for food material.
- Laminaria lavaniea (G. cokelat): farm dan manure
and cattle food
- Laminaria digitalis: yodium producen.

21. - Diatom (brown algae): residue of scheleton used to
explotion material, isolation make material, material
of paint and pernis.
- Macrocystis and Laminaria: producen alginat acid
for thick of make ice, cosmetic, textile, pill/tablets.
- Eucheuma spinosum dan gelidium: maked material
seaweed for mix make cookist.
- Ulva, Caulerpa, dan Enteromorpha: as source of
food like vegetables.

22. Radiolaria Diatom
Caulerpa

23.  Echologist
- Trichonympha campanula : help digest in intesti ne
termite and cockroach.
- Red Algae (Rhodophyta): shape of precipitate kapur
either in sea or water.
- Gold Algae (Chrysophyta): main authorize plankton
(producen in sea environment).
- Green Algae (Chlorophyta): phytoplankton in sea
ecosystem.

24.  Protista yang merugikan
- Saprolegnia: parasite in organism aquatic
- Plasmopora viticola: white fungi in grape
- Phytophtora infentans: rotten disease in tomato and
potato caused by water fungi.
- Entamoeba histolytica: cause disentri disease.
- Trypanosoma brucei: cause sleep disease (inAfrika).
- Trypanosoma evansi: cause sleep disease in cattle
animals (cow, goat, and horse)

25. THANK YOU
FOR YOUR ATTENTION
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