1. Christina Van Winkle ENV/CBW
OECD Workshop on Biodiversity and Development
February 18, 2015
Mainstreaming
Biodiversity at
the Sector
Level: An
overview
2. • Direct links between human welfare and biodiversity
2
The need for mainstreaming
Biodiversity
& Ecosystem
Services
Development
& Poverty
Reduction
- >1 bill people rely on seafood
as primary source of protein
(supports >0.5 bill livelihoods)
- 1.6 bill people rely on forests
for livelihoods
- 2.5 billion people involved in
smallholder agriculture
- Climate change risks
• Protected areas cover 15% of the earth’s land area
(3% of oceans)
3. • Prevent the negative external impacts of production sectors
on biodiversity & ecosystem services
• Promote activities beneficial to biodiversity
3
Mainstreaming at the sector level
Fisheries Agriculture Forestry
Encourage adoption of
reduced-bycatch fishing
gear
Minimise use of fertilisers
and pesticides
Establish forest
management plans
Protect spawning sites Crop rotation and
diversification
Protect wildlife migration
corridors
Set catch limits Low-intensity pasture
management systems
Secure land tenure rights
of local people
Set area/time closures Conserve high value
wildlife habitats
Selective logging
4. Clear understanding of the relationship of sector
productivity to biodiversity and links to human well-being
Clear objectives (must consider trade-offs and enhance
synergies)
Identification of and engagement with stakeholders
(public and private)
Clear communication to government and public between
mainstreaming activity and impacts on human welfare
Good governance and strong institutions
4
Ingredients for Mainstreaming
5. • Complex and multidimensional nature of biodiversity
and development links
• Timescale of costs and benefits
• Lack of economic valuation of biodiversity and
ecosystem services
• Lack of capacity and data
• Insufficient evidence of success stories
5
Barriers to Effective Mainstreaming
6. • National Ecosystem Assessments
and valuation
• Ecosystem accounting
• Budget assessment
• SEA/EIA
• Targeted Scenario Analysis
• Biodiversity indicators
6
Tools for mainstreaming at sector level
7. • Prioritise entry points: Most obvious links? Greatest
potential? Champions?
• Timing is crucial: Planned revisions? Change of
government or policy? Setting budgets? After a crisis?
7
Entry points
Sectoral strategies, action plans and
programmes
Industry standards
Sector guidelines and good practices
Certification schemes