Paper presentation at the 24th World Political Science Congress (IPSA 2016) in the Human Rights Research Comittee. Final master's degree project for Fundação Escola de Sociologia e Política de São Paulo (FESPSP)

1. Pedro Henrique S Barreto – São Paulo, Brazil, 2016
Blood Bath:
The pacific speech of Public
Security in Brazil through the
eyes of Marginal Literature

2. HYPOTHESIS
Behind the State public security’s speech, lays a
silent policy that promotes violence and
criminality.

3. CASE STUDY
The State police violence
towards the young from the
outskirts of large urban
centers.
CENTRAL
QUESTION
How is it possible to apply
human rights in a society
divided into the agreement
that “a good criminal is a
dead criminal”?9th Directory of National Public Security (2015)

4. CONTEXT
Public Security in Brazil
Brazilian Violence Routine
Literature of Testimony

5. 60k homicides in Brazil in a year*
• More than 30k homicides involving young
from 15 to 29 years old
• Two homicides per day by State Police
• 16% of all homicides executed by police
• One police officer murdered every 6 days
*Map of Violence, Federeal Government (2014)
Brazilian violence routine:
Public Security in Brazil
• “The social issue is a police issue”
Washington Luis, 1906
• State Polices in Brazil = Military Police
• Only in the 1988’s Constitution was
when the “national security” term was
abandoned allowing a specific chapter
for “public security”

6. Literature of Testimony:
• Popularized in Latin America but still has
problems to be recognized in the
Academy:
1. High level of regionalisms, turning them
almost into “untranslatable” literature works
2. The non-underlying interpretation from the
ideological (Latin American) context from
the 20th century: “A century marked by a
historical process of social inclusion”
DE MARCO, Valeria (2004)
• Collaborative works through the dictation
had been spread in the most common
technique [in Latam]. Meanwhile both
scenarios portraits the day-by-day
violence by the optic of the ignored
person, in Brazil the own ignored is
who organizes these ideas and
experiences
Marginal Literature:
“That one created by the marginal, even by
people who has already robbed, those one
who arises from society sections which don’t
have any space” (FERRÉZ, 2005)
“Culture as an example of resistance and producer
of new politic senses in emerging countries which
are infused in the globalization context”
(HOLLANDA, 2005)
Differently as expected by the common sense, this
Marginal Literature has the violence as just the
surrounding, the living conditions of ordinary
characters, and not the theme of the narrative

7. Market image exercise to
reexamine public
security polices:
An image constructed by two
assumptions:
1. The image that the institution
projects to communicate their
product / service to the
consumer and;
2. The perceived image of that
communication by the
consumers experience.
METHOD
BARICH, H., KOTLER, P. (1991)

8. Market image exercise to
reexamine public security
polices:
Secretary of Public Security as a brand
Police State as it’s service
Media as the market influencer
Citizen as consumer
Voting as a purchase behavior
METHOD

9. The Public Security image
projected by the State
• Modern concept of democracy;
• The media control;
• Symbolical forces relations;
• The non existence of an average
public opinion
FRAMEWORK The image perceived by a
segment of population
• New literature parameters and
it’s social function: the Marginal
Literature
• The Journalist from Mars
CHOMSKY, Noam(2013),
BOURDIEU, Pierre(1982, 2007)
DE HOLLANDA, Heloísa Buarque (2005)

10. FINDINGS
The Public Security
image projected by
the State
• Mass media and government’s
public opinion researches aligned to
promote a fear speech aiming to
control the political agenda and
avoid citizens to the political debate
• A subjective insecurity that overlaps
objective insecurity
• Most lethal police force in a
peaceful country
• Impunity predominance
• Existence of a selective pattern of
State police action in the outskirts of
large urban centers

11. Image shared by Sao Paulo State Police
Facebook’s fanpage
(June, 2016)
THE IMAGE PROJECTED BY PUBLIC SECURITY
Campaign “#youcantrustPMESP”, by Sao Paulo
Secretary of Public Security in Twitter
(May, 2016)

12. Images leaked out from Sao Paulo State
Police’s Whatsapp private groups
(July, 2016)
DOES THE PROJECTED IMAGE REFLECTS THE
STATE POLICE ACTIONS?

13. THE PROJECTED IMAGE AND THEIR MARKET
SCENARIO
Overabundance of bad experiences in a
specific niche (young residents from
outskirts) and evidences of historic
intentional human failures
Accents the diffusion of different brand
perceptions by consumers perspective
Market risk = Consumer’s
intention to be informed
about the issue
A predisposed consumer
executes repeated actions
Undemanding consumers boost
a uninformed and or misinformed market

14. Media plays a definitive role inside the brand
speech configuration versus contribution to
market neutral information:
_Public Opinion research as the brand
speech endorsement
_Brazilian media concentration: 10% of politicians
are in charge of more than 90 media groups
Requirement in projecting a brand image
and market positioning
THE PROJECTED IMAGE AND THEIR MARKET
SCENARIO
For which market the public security is
concerned?
_The Private Security Market is the
fourth largest employeer sector
(US$10 bi in a year)
_Engenieering of Consent and the Speech of Fear

15. FINDINGS
From the projected
image's deconstruction
towards the perceived
image's construction
• Domination in Brazilian history
has harmed something much
more subtle and devastating: the
self-worth of being black in Brazil
• The stereotyping and confusion
between author and work or
between suspect and villain
• Marginal Literature and Capital
Culture
• The subversion of marginality is
the movement itself. The outskirt
and the downtown is not
something static and permanent

16. THE IMAGE PERCEIVED BY THE BRAZILIAN BLACK
YOUNG
“#DoILookLikeAsASuspect?”

17. NEWS THAT DID NOT APPEAR IN THE FRONT
PAGE
3 Year Anniversary of the Missing of
Amarildo (citizen from Rocinha, RJ)
Published by Brazilian Amnesty The Pacifying Police Unit (UPP): attemption to be a community police
in Favelas of Rio de Janeiro

18. Marginal Literature as a
spontaneous and organic dialogue
with the consumer niche and
further, to the market
A projected image manufactured
and manipulated as an artificial
speech
Consumer’s indifference and absence in their democratic
participation as a perceived benefit for this market
(specially for stakeholders as the private market)
Equitable violence is a real
probability of market reaction.
Is it possible to predict damage?
THE PERCEIVED IMAGE AND THEIR MARKET
SCENARIO

19. CONCLUSIONS
Those natural exhibition of system controversies
highlights the differences between the desirable
projection of brand image and the real purpose of
Marginal Litarature
Although the independent cultural production in
Brazil has a historical preconception and
prejudice as a subversive action
Marginal Literature:
Instrument with highest potential at the public
space ocupation as a provoker actor inside the
discussion of social-politic reality in a local
context, specially in the most vulnerable city
areas
The non-incorporation into laws of policies and
institutions beside the principles and minimum
standards of human rights for police, prosecutors,
judges and lawyers put away the promotion of public
security polices committed to Human Rights protection
The non-existence of any stimulus to promote
independent research in the area and the existence of
several artifices that demonstrate the non-collaboration
of the State in providing the horizontal access to
information

20. Brazilian cultural paradox
at the civic education:
How to build a national
identity, unique, and therefore
a mestizo culture, in a society
that still propagates social-
racial segregation?
“Sarau da Cooperifa” inclueded at the Virada Cultural, the
biggest cultural festival of Brazil (2016)

21. THANKS FOR YOUR ATTENTION!
2016 – São Paulo - Brazil
Pedro Henrique Santos Barreto
barreto.pedroh@gmail.com