1. Space StudiesProgram 2016
EX EC U T IV E
S U M M A RY

2. Acknowledgments
ISU and the Starport 1 Team would like to extend their sincere thanks to Axiom
Space LLC, our project sponsor. We recognize the support, guidance, and
contribution of Michael Suffredini, president and co-founder of Axiom Space LLC.
The team also wishes to thank the following people:
Remco Timmermans - Co-Chair
François Spiero - Co-Chair
Jaroslaw Jaworski - Teaching Associate
John Connolly - SSP 2016 Program Director
Merryl Azriel - Editor
Jaime Babb - Editor
Special thanks to the faculty, staff, visiting lecturers, and advisors of ISU SSP 2016
for their advice and valuable insight.
Thanks also to the Technion - Israel Institute of Technology for hosting the
program.
IMAGECREDITS:
STATION DESIGN: ØYSTEIN RISAN BORGERSEN
MODULEDESIGN: ERIK FALK-PETERSEN
GENERAL DESIGN: GIULIA FAGIOLI
FRONT & BACK COVER IMAGES, EARTH HORIZON IMAGES: NASA
ARTIST'SRENDERING, P.4: EVGENIIA ALEKSEEVA
DISTANT HABITAT VIEWS, P.5: BRYAN VERSTEEG/SPACEHABS.COM
SINGLE-STAGE-TO-ORBIT VEHICLEIMAGE, P.11: GRABCAD
ROADMAP, P.12-13: CORY NEWMAN
ALL IMAGESUSED WITH PERMISSION
ELECTRONIC COPIESOF THEEXECUTIVESUMMARY AND REPORT CAN BEFOUND AT
HTTP://ISULIBRARY.ISUNET.EDU/
INTERNATIONAL SPACEUNIVERSITY
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TEL. +33 (0) 3 88 65 54 32
FAX. +33 (0) 3 88 65 54 47
EMAIL: PUBLICATIONS@ISU.ISUNET.EDU
WEBSITE: HTTP://WWW.ISUNET.EDU

3. Starport 1 will contain a number of artificial gravity modules for human
habitation that can easily be reconfigured and replaced, as well as microgravity
modules for high-value manufacturing and scientific research.
3
2040
- 12 artificial gravity modules
- 8 microgravity modules
- 100 person capacity
2045
- 32 artificial gravity modules
- 8 microgravity modules
- 200+ person capacity
MICROGRAVITY
MODULE
ARTIFICIAL GRAVITY
MODULE
STATIONARY
MICROGRAVITY
SECTION
ROTATING
RING
Orbits, Launchers, and Configuration
600 km
altitude
94
launches
33°
inclination
- Low radiation
- Below most debris
- Accessible for
launch sites and
launcher capacity
- Maximum launcher
performance
- Ease of transfer to
interplanetary orbits
- 82 SLSBlock 2
launches
- 12 Falcon Heavy
launches
Inflatable Module
- Large volume: 2,219 m3
each
- Easily installed and replaced
- Highly versatile and flexible configuration
- Highly mass efficient
- Low launch costs- Ring diameter: 150 m
- Diameter of central section: 20 m
- Diameter of inflatable modules: 12.6 m
- Angular velocity: 2.9 rpm
- Artificial gravity on modules: 0.7g - 0.8 g (depending on module level)
- Total mass estimate: 10,000 t
2

4. Safety First
Onboard countermeasures include multi-layered shielding to reduce radiation
exposure, while artificial gravity helps to mitigate deleterious effects on the
musculoskeletal, ocular, and cardiovascular systems.
Over time, Starport 1 will grow to become an international, multicultural city in
space, offering many of the comforts of home. Eventually, it will serve as a
platform from which to explore other regions of our solar system.
A City in Space
5
Breathing Space
Green public spaces in communal modules will
give inhabitants a place to relax after work. This
space will be shared with aeroponic and
hydroponic farms, one of the major food sources
onboard the station.
Personalized Experience
Controllable lighting and e-screens will allow for
a personalized living experience. Music, arts, and
other recreational activities will also be available
to inhabitants in the spacious communal areas.
HOTEL
MEDICAL
FACILITY
MEETING
ROOMS, FITNESS
CENTER, SPA
CREW
QUARTERS
AGRICULTURE
MANUFACTURING
SUPPORT AND
STORAGE
CREW
QUARTERS
MISSION
CONTROL
HOTELPARKSOCIAL HUB,
RESTAURANTS, BARS,
ENTERTAINMENT,
SHOPS
RESIDENTS
TRADE
GUESTS
HOSPITALITY
MANUFACTURING
SCIENCE
CREW
204520402033
200
100
4

5. Debris mitigation
The station will monitor and actively remove
nearby debris, using a mounted laser or a
companion satellite to deorbit potential
hazards.
Communications
Telecommunication facilities onboard Starport 1 provide communication media
relating to station life and space exploration. Long before station completion,
Starport 1 Media will create broadcasts and mobile applications to connect the
public to its progress.
SERVICETUNNEL FOR
PERSONNEL, WATER, POWER,
THERMAL, AND LIFE
SUPPORT SYSTEMS
ATTITUDETHRUSTERS
76
Attitude & Orbit Control Systems
Starport 1 is designed to be a semi-autonomous station, capable of providing
automatic stationkeeping.
- 8 x 5 N 210 kW VASIMR electric gimbaled thrusters
- Spin-up time: 50 days
- Propellant mass for spin-up: 3600 kg
Subsystems
Autonomous and robotic operations are provided for nominal stationkeeping
procedures, including orbit determination, stationkeeping, housekeeping, and life
support elements.
Environmental Control and Life Support System
SOLID WASTE
PARTICLEAND
CONTAMINANT
GASREMOVAL
GASES
DIRTY AIR
CO2
REMOVAL
WASTE
PROCESSOR
LIQUID WASTE
CLEAN WATER
CLEAN AIR
WATER
PROCESSOR

6. The station consists of a stationary cylindrical core surrounded by a rotating
artificial gravity ring. A central bearing separates the rotating structure from the
stationary microgravity core, with the sections connected by supporting spokes.
Multi-purpose inflatable modules are installed on the ring, reconfigurable
according to the evolving needs of the operator.
The microgravity core uses a hydrostatic bearing system to remain stationary,
while the outer ring maintains rotation at 2.9 rpm to produce an artificial gravity
up to 0.8g.
Standardized docking ports allow modules to connect to each other, to the
station structure, and to any inbound spacecraft, using either pressurized or
non-pressurized systems.
A rail system transfers docking modules from the center despun section to the
periphery.
Starport 1 provides artificial gravity through rotation of the
external ring. Inhabitants can travel from the ring to the
core through a system of airlocks and four elevator shafts.
TETHER
ELEVATOR
SHAFT
MODULE
ATTACHMENTS
PRESSURIZED ESCAPETUNNEL FOR EMERGENCIES
Structure
HUB/BEARING
EVACUATION
CAPSULES
98

7. The microgravity section of Starport 1 will provide all necessary
interfaces to serve eight commercial manufacturing and research
modules. It contains docking ports for visiting vehicles and a glass
cupola for a microgravity experience.
ROBOTIC SERVICEARM
REACTOR
CUPOLA
DOCKING PORTS
HUB
Tourism
Microgravity experience
Manufacturing
Fiber optics and biologics
Station structural elements and
spacecraft parts
Scientific Research
Facilities for governments and
private industries, including
pharmaceuticals
The microgravity section will generate 6MW
from three nuclear fission reactors encased in
protective radiation shielding. At end of life,
the reactors will be disassembled in orbit.
The Next Step in Space Commercialization
- Joint venture of public and private entities
- Business opportunities for traditional space sector and new players
- New horizon for manufacturing, space tourism, scientific research
MANUFACTURING MODULE
HEAT RADIATOR
1110

8. 1312
2025
2033
2040
2045
2060
200 people
100 people
24 people
Tourism
Media
Campaign
Basic habitat
Ground
Manufacturing
Agriculture
Microgravity research
Recreational habitat
Family habitat
Station expansion
2030
First Launches
Manufacturing
and Scientific
Research
12 AG modules
8 MG modules
32 AG modules
8 MG modules
8 MG modules
1312
Starport 1 is a conceptual design study for the first commercial space station
in low Earth orbit. This study proposes an engineering concept for a space
station capable of supporting an artificial gravity habitat and a microgravity
facility.
The station will be fully operational by 2040 with capacity to house 100
people. By 2045, it will be expanded to support a population of 200
inhabitants to become the first space city and a tourist destination. Designed
for high-value manufacturing and scientific research, Starport 1 will be our
new home close to Earth, and a stepping stone for deep space exploration.
200+ people
MG = Microgravity
AG = Artificial Gravity
Mining
Roadmap

9. Cenan Al-Ekabi
Evgeniia Alekseeva
Mariona Badenas Agusti
Daniel Bamber
Miranda Bradshaw
Alex Brinkmeyer
Rainer Diaz de Cerio Goenaga
Pierre Evellin
Giulia Fagioli
Erik Falk-Petersen
Dorota Filipowicz
Jennifer Fleischer
Enrique Garcia Bourne
Konark Goel
Samuel Harrison
Jay Harwood
Per Hoeyland
Ekaterina Khvostova
Sanjeev Kumar
Danna Linn Barnett
Xiadong Ling
Ofer Livne
Nili Mandelblit
Kelsey McBarron
Kamran Memon
Marit Meyer
Gedi Minster
Karine Pillet
Camilo Andres Reyes
Øystein Risan Borgersen
Daniel Sackey
Ruven Spannagel
Mickael Torrado
Ray Vandenhoeck
Nandakumar Venkatapathy
Alicia Bianca Jìmenez Woodley
Yongqian Zhang
Qin Zhaohui
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