This document contains activities from a research methods course, including examples of statistical tables, data distribution, and levels of measurement. It discusses analyzing the ages of students, year-to-year data, and skills frequencies. It also covers descriptive and inferential statistics, validity in group comparisons, and using the mean as a measure of central tendency.

1. Practical Research 2
Week 5-6
Presentation and Interpretation of Data
Activity 1
A simple hypothetical tabular representation using the qarb of statistical table by:
Table Number:
Title:
ROW
HEADINS
Column Headings
TOTAL
ROWS
SUBHEAD SUBHEAD
CO-HEAD CO-HEAD CO-HEAD CO-HEAD
ROW
ENTRIES
BODY BODY BODY BODY
TOTAL COL
Activity 2
DISTRIBUTION OF AGES OF STUDENT
AGE OF STUDENT FREQUENCY
RELATIVE
FREQUENCY
CURRELATIVE
FREQUENCY
19
20
21
22
23
24
14
23
134
149
71
9
0.0350
0.0575
0.3350
0.3725
0.1775
0.0225
0.0350
0.0925
0.4275
0.8
0.9735
1
TOTAL 400 1.0000 3.3285

2. Activity 3
2010
2005
2000
1995
1990
1985
2,100 2,150 2,400 2,560 2,700 2,925
Activity 4
19
20
21
22
23
24
14 23 134 149 71 8

3. Activity 5
ICT
HE
ABM
37-PASSED
5-REMEDIAL
11- FAIL
8 - FAIL
10-Remedial
25-PASSED
33-PASSED
27-FAIL

4. Statistical Techniques (Part I)
Activity 1
1. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
2. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
3. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
4. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
5. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
6. DESCRIPTIVE STATISTICS
7. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
8. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
9. INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
10.INFERENTIAL STATISTICS
Activity 2
Louis was a cautious clinician, which had a significant impact on the quality of his study.
This procedure's certainty, in his opinion, was limited to severe cases of infection. Louis
used the time of the initial bloodletting to determine the length of the illness and the
incidence of mortality. Louis was aware that patients who bled later in the course of their
illness were likely to have already experienced the worst part of their illness and, as a
result, must have had a realistic prediction. Recognizing that this bias would have favored
delayed bleeding, he produced detailed analyses of the severity of signs between those
who bled early and those who bled late, but he was unable to detect any differences.
Louis concluded that bloodletting had beneficial effects based on these findings, but only
for specific evidence. Louis also realized that large bleeding was preferable than
restricted bleeding, despite the fact that he didn't have any quantitative data to back it up.
Louis aided the 'numerical technique,' or the idea that diverse and legitimate medical
understandings might be derived from a collection of clinical data. Louis was concerned
about the validity of group comparisons and the attention integrity upon which they were
based, as well as the logical density of his conclusions. As a result, he stated, "Nothing
like true medicine is feasible without the aid of statistics."
Activity 3
1. Nominal
2. Ordinal
3. Nominal
4. Interval
5. Ratio

5. Activity 4
The level of measurement refers to how each variable is measured qualitatively or
quantitatively, as well as the precision with which each variable is measured. Nominal,
ordinal, and interval/ratio variables are the four levels of measurement, with nominal being
the least precise and informative and interval/ratio variable being the most precise and
informative. If you have a choice, go with an interval/ratio variable because it allows you
more flexibility and options when it comes to selecting a statistical technique. The four
major forms of measurement have the following hierarchy, with the ratio scale being the
highest or strongest level of measurement and nominal the lowest or weakest type of
measurement. Nominal provides the least amount of detail, ordinal provides the next
highest amount of detail, and interval and ratio provide the most amount of detail. In a
nominal level variable, values are grouped into categories that have no meaningful order.
Activity 5
ELECTRICAL SKILLS FREQUENCY
Prepare operational plans 53
Electronic equipment maintenance 50
Build and operate computer systems 48
Direct construction activities and
equipment upkeep
47
Apply linear systems theory and analysis 44
Circuit design 43
Develop electrical schematics 37
Data collection and analysis 33
PART II
ELECTRICAL SKILLS FREQUENCY
Prepare operational plans 53
Electronic equipment maintenance 50
Build and operate computer systems 48
Direct construction activities and
equipment upkeep
47
Apply linear systems theory and analysis 44
Circuit design 43
Develop electrical schematics 37
Data collection and analysis 33

6. ELECTRICAL SKILLS FREQUENCY
Prepare operational plans 53
Electronic equipment maintenance 50
Build and operate computer systems 48
Direct construction activities and
equipment upkeep
47
Apply linear systems theory and analysis 44
Circuit design 43
Develop electrical schematics 37
Data collection and analysis 33
PART III
1. I can use 6 of those electrical skills in the selections.
2. Yes, it is possible
3. Ratio
4. Use the mean to describe the sample with a single value that represents the
center of the data. Many statistical analyses use the mean as a standard
measure of the center of the distribution of the data. The median and the mean
both measure central tendency.