INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

CONTENTS
 INTRODUCTION
 OVERVIEW OF INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
 DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY BUILDINGS
AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
 MAJOR ASPECTS IN INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
 EXAMPLES IN INDIAAND DUBAI
 CONCLUSION

DEFINITION OF INTELLIGENT BUILDING :
The Intelligent Building Institute has proposed: “An
intelligent building is one that provides a productive
and cost-effective environment through optimization
of its four basic elements - structure, systems,
services and management - and the
interrelationships between them. Intelligent
buildings help business owners, property managers
and occupants to realize their goals in the areas of
cost, comfort, convenience, safety, long-term
flexibility and marketability."

INTRODUCTION
 Intelligent Buildings are the buildings of 21st century. They
combines innovations with skillful management to maximize the
returns on investment.
 These buildings keep a watch over themselves and their own
well being.
 They put off lights, shut down air conditioners, check the water
storage tanks, recharge the central UPS in case of a power
failure and switch on the alarm in case of fire.
“Use of technology and process to create a building that
is safer and more productive for its occupants and
more operationally efficient for its owners.”

 Intelligent Buildings are equipped with robust
telecommunication infrastructure, allowing for
more efficient use of resources and increasing the
comfort and security of its occupants.
 The origin of Intelligent Buildings and building
management systems has roots in the Industrial sector in
the 1980’s.
 The high technology concept of intelligent building
systems was introduced in United States.

 Building should know what is happening inside and
immediately outside.
 Building should decide the most effective way of providing
a convenient, comfortable and productive environment for
its occupants.
 Building should respond as quickly as possible to the
occupant’s requests.
“These attributes indicates the need for various
technology and management systems. The successful
integration of these systems will produce three dimensions
of building intelligence”.
OVERVIEW OF INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

EXAMPLES OF HOW TECHNOLOGY HELPED TO
PROVIDE ENERGY EFFICIENCY AND A SUPERIOR
ENVIRONMENT
FEATURE BENEFIT
Dimmable fluorescent lighting
integrated with sun blind control
Optimal lighting level and quality can
be determined by the occupants.
Lighting control with motion sensors
integrated with security
Reduces energy use and increases
security
Natural and displacement ventilation. More efficient and effective distribution
of ventilation
Use of economizers for free cooling. Energy efficiency.
Individual temperature and lighting
control
Improved comfort is shown to improve
productivity.
Radiant heating and cooling. Improved comfort, reduced energy use
After hours control of lights and HVAC
integrated with security
Improved security while reducing
energy use
Monitoring of IAQ and contaminants. Improved comfort, safety, and
productivity.

THREE DIMENSIONS OF BUILDING
INTELLIGENCE

Strata Tower, Abu Dhabi

 To enable rapid
communication
with outside world,
via the central
computer system
using optical fiber
installations,
microwave and
conventional
satellite links.
Advanced Telecommunication
Dubai Opera House

DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY
BUILDINGS AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
Intelligent building
adjusts the inside
functional aspects
such as lighting,
ventilation, air
conditioning, etc.
automatically with
the changes in
environmental
conditions
controlled by
computer
Ordinary
building there
will be different
room
conditions
depending on
the changes in
the
environmental
conditions.

While planning an
intelligent building,
a Building service
engineer, an
Architect &
Hardware Engineer
is required.
But in case of
ordinary building, a
Building service
engineer and an
Architect is
enough.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY
BUILDINGS AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

In an Intelligent Building, the security system,
communication system, etc. are coordinated and
automatically controlled by computer work station.
The cost of construction of Intelligent Building is very
high as compared to an ordinary building.
DIFFERENCE BETWEEN ORDINARY BUILDINGS
AND INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS

Da Vinci rotating tower
The development cost of an Intelligent
Building is 8 - 10% higher than that of
an ordinary building. But this can be
justified by the resulting energy
saving, which is only 25 – 35% of
energy required by normal building.

HOW BUILDINGS BECOME INTELLIGENT
The high technology concept of intelligent building systems
was introduced in United States in early 1980’s. An Intelligent
Building provides a productive and cost-effective environment
through the integration of Structure, Systems, Services, and
Management.

Security
Telecommunication
Systems
Energy
Management
Comfort
Safety
MAJOR ASPECTS OF INTELLIGENT BUILDING

SECURITY
This includes controlling access, surveillance and
communication
Access control : Access control restricts how and when
people enter and/or exit an area. Your particular needs will
determine how that is accomplished. Access Control
Systems allow people or vehicles into a restricted area via
identification through coded keys, magnetic cards, or
biometric readers such as hand, face, voice, finger or
retina readers. These systems are used in many
businesses, hotels and apartment complexes.

COMMON FEATURES OF ACCESS CONTROL
SYSTEMS
 Limit access- Systems can be programmed to
allow certain users to enter specific areas only at
certain times. Other users can be allowed to enter
all locations at all times.
 Automating – Systems can automatically lock a
door or gate each evening at a certain time and
unlock it automatically at another time.

WORKING OF AN ACCESS CONTROL SYSTEMS
1. First we need a barrier to prevent someone from
entering or exiting, such as a locked door or gate.
2. Next we need a way to determine who is trying to
enter.
3. A credential reader is used to read the information
on a key or card, to register a combination of
numbers entered on a pad or to identify some
characteristic that the user has, such as a
fingerprint the shape of a hand, a pattern in the
eye, etc.

4. This identifier is sent to a controller that has stored
a record of those identifiers that are authorized to
enter the area.
5. If the credential holder is authorized the controller
unlocks the gate or door and the credential holder
is allowed to enter.
6. In many systems a record of all authorized and
unauthorized credentials is stored in the system
for future reference.

GADGETS

FINGER PRINT LOCK
 EASY AND SIMPLE INSTALLATION
 UNLOCK BY FINGERPRINT OR CODE
 CAN STORE UPTO 150 DIFFERENT FINGER
PRINTS

RETINA BASED DOOR ACCESS SYSTEM
• Pre-stores the
person's eye color and
its other physical
features.
• Scans retina, matches
it with the data stored
and only then the door
gets opened.

VOICE AND VIDEO INTERCOM
 This type of access control is most commonly used
in blocks of flats or apartments, where access to
the front door needs to be controlled remotely.
Communication between the internal phone and the
outside speaker is established, before authorization
to enter is granted

CODE- BASED ACCESS SYSTEM
 A secure pin code entered onto a touch screen is
required, before Access to a controlled area is
allowed

SWIPE CARD ACCESS SYSTEM
 Entrance to a secured area is allowed, through the
"swiping" of a pre-programmed card with magnetic
strip through a reader

BIOMETRIC ACCESS SYSTEM
 The newest technology in access control, biometric
systems verify a person's identity, by unique
physical characteristics, such as a fingerprint or
retina.

SAFETY AND SURVEILLANCE
 Intelligence with respect to life safety in an
intelligent building consists of the use of high
technology to maximize the performance of fire
alarm and security systems while at the same time
minimizing costs.
 Life safety factors involved in intelligent buildings
include:
 reduced manpower dependence,
 closed-circuit television,
 card access control,
 smoke detection,
 intrusion alarms,
 emergency control of elevators, doors and
 uninterruptible power supplies.

Surveillance
Helps in monitoring movement within and outside a building and
its periphery through camera (Closed-Circuit Television Camera) or
perimeter devices like intrusion alarms. Also helps in alerting the
security manager, in case of violation of pre-set norms.

SAFETY
 Fire protection systems pump water to the areas where the fire
occurs, so as to douse it automatically through sprinkler bulbs and
also manually through the fire brigade.
 Sufficient water pressure should be maintained throughout.

SMOKE DETECTION SYSTEMS
 Early warning systems like smoke detection systems,
detects the fire at a very early stage and pinpoint to the
caretaker where exactly it is occurring, so that the fire is
extinguished locally through manual fire extinguishers.

TELE COMMUNICATION
 Intelligence with respect to telecommunications in
an intelligent building consists of the offering to
tenants of many sophisticated telecom features at a
considerably reduced cost due to the fact that the
equipment is shared by many users. Some of the
telecom features involved in intelligent buildings
are:
 private telephone exchange systems,
 cablevision,
 audio-visual and video-conferencing,
 satellite communications and,
 electronic mail, Intranets and Internet access

TELECOMMUNICATION SYSTEMS
 Telecommunication Systems and Office Automation Systems like
the UPS and the Public Address system provides the required
support in the event of security violation or fire.

BUILDING MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS AND
INTELLIGENT BUILDINGS
 Energy-effective systems balance a building's electric light, daylight
and mechanical systems for maximum benefit.
 Lighting Systems: Adding daylight to a building is one way to
achieve an energy effective design. And with the reduced need for
electric light, a great deal of money can be saved on energy.

ENVIRONMENTAL BENEFITS
 An intelligent building starts with an environmentally friendly
design.
 Creating a project that is environmentally friendly and
energy efficient ties in closely with many of the intelligent
attributes.
 Intelligent buildings are designed for long-term
sustainability and minimal environmental impact through
the selection of recycled and recyclable materials,
construction, maintenance and operations procedures.
 Providing the ability to integrate building controls, optimize
operations, and enterprise level management results in a
significant enhancement in energy efficiency, lowering both
cost and energy usage compared to non-intelligent
projects.

ECONOMY CONSIDERATION :
 Creating an intelligent building does require an
investment in advanced technology, processes, and
solutions.
 An upfront investment is required to realize a
significant return later on.
 It is unrealistic to expect to make a project
intelligent unless there is early buy in on
investment.
 One of the challenges is to educate owners on the
benefits of an intelligent building design.
 This makes the education of both owners and
architects about the benefits of intelligent solutions
critical for success.

EXAMPLES OF INTELLIGENT
BUILDINGS

INTELLIGENT BUILDING IN INDIA
The need for Intelligent Buildings rose with the
emergence of the IT sector. IT firms need uninterrupted
working environment for 365 days a year. Some kind of
round the clock monitoring is also necessary.
Techno-campus of Cognizant Technology Solutions,
Thoraipakkam on old Mamallapuram road is one of the
Intelligent buildings in India. It took 14 months to evolve
a fully integrated design plan and arrive at the IBMS
solution that covers security, safety and automation, and
since January 2004 the concept has been functional in the
400,000-sqft complex.

Cognizant Technology Solutions' office at
Thoraipakkam, where an intelligent
building management system is in place

SOME OF THE FEATURES OF THE IBMS AT
COGNIZANT
 Smoke detection systems
 Bio metric finger scanning systems
 73 CCTV cameras
 Control of HVAC
 Control of water levels in overhead tanks
 Automatic lighting control

NIIT BUILDING

TIDEL PARK CHENNAI

GATE WAY TOWER AT GURGAON

DAVINCI ROTATING TOWER

BURJ KHALIFA DUBAI

CONCLUSION
 The intelligent building is clearly the building of the future.
 The goal of having an intelligent building only starts with
early planning in the design stage.
 In many ways, this mirrors the design and fulfillment of
many green or LEED projects today, but it uses
technology to provide for a superior space.
 There are enormous benefits to be gained by creating
intelligent buildings.

 With proper marketing such buildings will entice
tenants to sign on with a much greater ease.
 By supporting the tenants in as many services as
possible the building owners also gain from the
profits realized from these services and tenants
profit from the discounts to be had on their end as
well.
 We need to continue to work as an industry to
quantify these benefits, educate owners and
consultants, and to deliver a superior product to the
market.