3. …use of mobile communication devices for
health services
and (multimedia) information via:
• Mobile phones
• Smartphones
• Patient monitoring devices
• Mobile telemedicine/telecare devices
• MP3 players for mLearning
• Microcomputers
4.
5.
6. Information Flow
• Moving community and clinical health data
between
• Practitioners
• Researchers
• Patients
• E.g.: real-time monitoring of patient vital
signs,
• E.g.: direct provision of care (via mobile
telemedicine)
7. UN Millennium Development
Goals: 2001-2015
For health:
• Reduce child mortality by 2/3
• Improve maternal health
• Reduce mortality / morbidity by 3/4
• Combat HIV and AIDS, malaria, and other
diseases
• Halt and begin to reverse the spread
8. MDG: Strategic Objectives
• Improvement of the access to emergency
and general health services
• Improvement of the efficiency of health
service delivery
• Improvement of the clinical practice for
enhanced health outcomes
• The reduction of child and maternal
mortality and morbidity in MVPs
9. Reality
• A child born in the developing world is 33
times as likely to die within the first 5 years
of life
• Higher maternal mortality and morbidity
rates (1M and 10M per year)
• High HIV infection rates (2.5M new cases)
• Prevalence of avoidable, communicable
diseases (TB, malaria) due to preventable
factors
• Shortfall of medical workers (Def = 2.4M)
11. Developing World Context: Ripe
for Growth
• 3 billion+ mobile phone users (64% in
developing world)
• Biggest growth in Asia, Middle East, Africa
• Mobile phones (plus) as a leapfrog technology
• Bypassing fixed-line subscriptions
• 90% of the world now lives within a mobile
reception area
• 2012: 50% of all remote populations will have
mobile phones
12. Ease of Adoption: Low
Cost
• Cost of deployment continues to decrease
• Cheaper infrastructure technologies
(CDMA)
• Cheaper phones (e.g., Java phone $50-100)
• Availability of free and open-source software
(FOSS) / apps
13. Ease of Adoption
• Breaking the literacy barrier
• Direct voice communication
• Communication and coordination with
people in remote, rural areas
• Tracking migrant populations
14. Emerging trends in mHealth
• Emergency response systems
• Mobile synchronous (voice) and asynchronous (SMS) telemedicine diagnostic
and decision support to remote clinicians
• Clinician-focused, evidence-based formulary, database and decision support
information available at the point-of-care
• Clinical care and remote patient monitoring
• Health services monitoring and reporting
• Health-related mLearning for the general public
• Training and continuing professional development for health care workers
• Health promotion and community mobilization
• Support of long-term conditions
24. Frontline SMS
• enables users to send and receive text
messages with large groups of people
through mobile phones
• does not require an Internet connection
• works with existing plan on all GSM phones,
modems and networks
25. FrontLine SMS
• Reminders / Adherence
• Coordination / Communication
• Simple SMS-based forms
28. Situational Awareness
• Perception of:
• environmental elements in time and space
• comprehension of their meaning
• projection of their status in the near future
• Vital for emergency responders &
surveillance
30. How it works
1. Put word out that people on the ground can send
[Name, location, status/message]
2. SMS submitted, with varying levels of structure/detail
3. Enters database
4. Passed to a mechanical turk-type outfit of volunteers
for structuring
5. Message is structured in the database
6. Gets passed off to orgs (via Sahana) that can do
something about the issue
35. Geospatial Situational Awareness
• Geospatial presentation of situational data
related to incidents and resources
• Real-time
• Can be viewed simultaneously or in layers
37. GeoChat
• Evolved from a simple concept
• Can I send an SMS message and see it on a map?
• Automated!
• Collaboration / communication platform designed
to meet the needs of humanitarian aid, international
health and disaster response workers
39. GeoChat Capabilities
• Create and join in chat groups.
• Translates location names sent by users to a position on a
map
• Can broadcast one or more RSS feeds.
• Twitter-enabled.
• SMS gateway supported by 96% of the world’s mobile
carriers.
40. Implementation Settings
• Mekong Basin Disease Surveillance network
• Laos, Thailand, Cambodia
• Thai Hospital Surveillance System
• Tied to national EHR system rollout in 600
public hospitals
47. Combining Data: Data
“Meshing” with Mesh4x
• Microsoft Access Database + Java XForms
application + online Google spreadsheet.
• = Combined, then centralized
• Allows disparate orgs to share data while retaining
local applications
One way of looking at mHealth is by considering how these distinct forms of technology connect to one another.
preventable factors such as proper drugs and medical treatment
deficit of 2.4 million over 57 countries
- providing health information and diagnoses in regions where access to providers is scarce
mHealth innovates via...
Example of a provider-based mobile phone app
Basically a mini mobile electronic medical record
can guide community health workers, prompt them to do certain things, complete certain questionnairs, and sends everything back to a centralized data repository
http://blog.ushahidi.com/index.php/2010/01/22/the-nuts-and-bolts-behind-4636-in-haiti/
In brief, Dalila asked to know an address written in one of the texts she was translating and 2 minutes later she had the latitude and longitude, even though no map showed it, thanks to the local knowledge of Apo. This has been *typical*.
Text volumes vary from one every 5 seconds in the day to every 5 minutes overnight. The average turn-around for us receiving a text and having it translated, categorized and back on the ground with coordinates, message and return # is about 10 minutes.
These are from the ~1000 people who have stepped in so far (my guess from IPs).
Create and join in chat groups by SMS, email, or web browser.
allows information to flow between established applications (like Excel, Access, GoogleEarth, MySQL, Oracle and many others), and between devices (laptops, smartphones, PDAs, and servers)
reliably, selectively, and securely in a distributed "data mesh"