2. WHAT IS
FORMWORK ?
- Supports structure and molds to create structures out of concrete
- Made by using steel, wood, aluminum and prefabricated forms
- Cost of formwork is around 30-40% of the concrete cost
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4. 4
METAL
FORMWORKADVANTA
GESSTEEL ALUMINIUM
Stronger, durable and longer life than timber
formwork
Often used in pre-fabricated formwork
Can be reused many times Strong and light in weight
Can be installed and dismantled with greater ease
and speed
The lighter sections will deflect more
Quality of exposed concrete surface is good Can be recycled after smelting
Does not absorb moisture from concrete Highly precise in assembly
Does not shrink or warp Can be reused for many times
NA YONG YI 0324458 | CHAI JIA ERN 0324653 | TEE WAN NEE 0325074
5. 5
METAL
FORMWORKDISADVANTA
GESSTEEL ALUMINIUM
Limited size or shape Higher risk of theft
Excessive loss of heat Not field modifiable
Limited fixing Cheaper (depend on the usage)
A very smooth surface will be produced which would
give problems for finishing process
Lower transportation cost compared to steel
formwork
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6. SUITABILITY
STEEL ALUMINIUM
- Widely used in large projects or in situation where
large number reuses of the shuttering is possible
- Suitable for low as well as high rise building
- For heavy concrete work - can be designed for any condition/component of
building such as bay windows, stairs
- Suitable for circular or curved shaped structures
- such as tanks,
columns, chimneys.
- Bridge construction / Airport construction
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7. COST
$ 100 - $ 300 / square meter
RM 400 – RM 1200 / square meter
$ 99 - $ 145 / square meter
RM 396 – RM 580 / square meter
Aluminium formworkSteel formwork
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9. NA YONG YI 0324458 | CHAI JIA ERN 0324653 | TEE WAN NEE 0325074
RUBBER FLOOR FINISHES
ADVANTAGES Durability
Low maintenance
Slip-resistant
Weatherproof
Hard-wearing
DISADVANTAGES Expensive
Rubber smell
Difficult to clean
Hard to get
9
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RUBBER FLOOR FINISHES
10
SUITABILITY
- Exercise rooms benefit from having flooring that absorbs noise
- In the kitchen, rubber flooring shrugs off most spills and drops
- Playground to prevent children from getting injured
- Bathrooms are good candidates for water-resistant sheet rubber flooring
11. NA YONG YI 0324458 | CHAI JIA ERN 0324653 | TEE WAN NEE 0325074
RUBBER FLOOR FINISHES
11
Basic Best
Material Prices $320.00 – $350.00 $415.00 – $455.00
Installation Cost $105.00 – $110.00 $165.00 – $175.00
Total $425.00 – $460.00 $580.00 – $630.00
Total Average cost per
foot square
$4.42 $6.05
12. 12NA YONG YI 0324458 | CHAI JIA ERN 0324653 | TEE WAN NEE 0325074
Notas del editor
Pad foundations are usually used in…. - - Does not require much excavation ( As contractor only need to excavate the size of the pad instead of excavating the whole trench around the construction site)
- Bearing capacity of ground is sufficient at relatively low depths (This load is then spread by the pad to the bearing layer of soil or rock below. Pad foundations can also be used to support ground beams.)
-Uniform thickness (Their thickness must be sufficient to distribute the load across the plan shape.)
They can be used to….. (so that the loads of the walls and the buildings are transferred through ground beams that rest on pad foundations)
